9a4词组-译林版.doc

9BU4讲义及练习梳理导学重点词汇1. invent【原句再现】Hes the person who invented my favourite food. 他就是那个发明出我最喜爱食物的人。【考点聚焦】invent vt. 发明，创造。inventor n. 发明者，发明家。invention n. 发明，创造。invent用于发明创造了原先不存在的事物，如一种机器或一种方法。discover用于发现了一个原先不存在而不为人知的事物，如一个地方或一个事实。create指“创造”“造成”“创作”举例：1）Do you know who invented the telephone in 1876?你知道谁在1876年发明了电话？2) It is said that Columbus discovered America in 1492.据说哥伦布在1492年发现了美洲大陆。3) Shakespeare created many comic characters. 莎士比亚创造了许多幽默人物。2. select【原句再现】In 1962, he was selected to become an astronaut. 1962年他被选成为宇航员。【考点聚焦】select指在许多东西中进行有目的地、细致地、慎重地“选择”最适当的、最佳的，强调选择的余地大和选择的精细。choose指一般的“选择”。通常指在所提供的对象中，根据选择者的意愿或凭个人判断力进行选择。举例：1) My mother looked through the clothes and selected the cheapest one for me. 母亲在哪些衣服里找了一阵，挑选了一件最便宜的给我。2) He selected a pair of socks to match his suit. 他挑选了一双袜子来配他的衣服。3) Choose carefully before you make a final decision. 请仔细挑选再作最终的决定。3. hear of【原句再现】Ive never heard of him. 我从来没有听说过他。【考点聚焦】hear of sb. /sth.听说某人/某事, 后接名词或代词，接从句时不用of。hear from sb. 收到某人的信件，消息。举例：1). Ive never heard of anyone doing that. 我从未听说有人做那种事。2). How often do you hear from your sister?你多久收到你妹妹的一次信？4. at the age of【原句再现】He began taking flying lessons at the age of 15 and received his student pilots licence when he was 16. 他从十五岁开始学习飞行并于次年获得飞行执照。【考点聚焦】at the age of意为“在岁时”，相当于when引导的时间状语从句。举例：1) His grandpa went abroad at the age of twenty. 他爷爷二十岁的时候去了国外。2) The boy began to learn English at the age of five. =The boy began to learn English when he was five years old.那男孩五岁的时候开始学英语。5. out of control【原句再现】However, the spacecraft began spinning out of control. 然而，太空船失去控制，开始不停地旋转。【考点聚焦】out of control 意思是“失去控制”，反义词组是“under control”，在句中作状语。举例：The car went out of control and hit a wall. 那辆车失去控制而撞到了墙上。重点句型 1. Who do you think is 【原句再现】Who do you think is the greatest person that has ever lived, Eddie? 艾迪，你认为谁是曾经活在世上最伟大的人？【考点聚焦】do you think 在句中作插入语，当插入一个特殊疑问句时，整个疑问句应当保持陈述语序。举例：1) What do you think I should do first？ 你认为我应该首先做什么？（被插入的疑问句原来为倒装语序，插入后成为陈述语序）2）Who do you think will give us a talk tomorrow？ 你认为明天谁给我们作报告？（被插入的疑问句原来就是陈述语序，不需要做调整）2. Sb. is the first person to do sth.【原句再现】Neil Armstrong is the first person to walk on the moon. 阿姆斯特朗是第一在月球上行走的人。【考点聚焦】句中动词不定式作后置定语，修饰person, 它也可以转化为定语从句： Neil Armstrong is the first person who /that walked on the moon.举例：1) Who is the first to come to the classroom in your class? 你们班谁第一到教室？2）My mother is the first person to get up in my family. 妈妈是家里第一个起床的人。3. It is said that【原句再现】It is said that Neil Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control which said that two large, strange objects landed near them and were watching them. 据说阿妈斯特朗给地面控制中心发去消息，说两个巨大的，奇怪的物体紧挨着降落，监视着他们。【考点聚焦】It is said that是一个固定句型，意思是“据说”。类似的句型还有It is believed that; it is reported that等。举例：1) It is said that Chinese people will reach the moon in 2020.据说中国人将在2020年登上月球。2) It is reported that China will be a powerful country soon. 据报道中国不久将成为强国。4. It is better (for sb.) to do sth.【原句再现】Mission Control thought it was better to be safe than sorry, so they ordered Armstrong to cut the flight short. 控制中心的人认为小心驶得万年船，所以他们命令阿姆斯特朗缩短航程.【考点聚焦】It is better (for sb.) to do sth. 做更好 = Sb had better do sth.举例：1）I agree with your parents that it is better for you to go home earlier. = I agree with your parents. Youd better go home earlier. 我同意你父母的意见，你最好早点回家。2）It is better to stay at home than to go out. 呆在家里比外出好。5. This is what/why sb【原句再现】 This is what Ifount out about her. 这就是我关于她的发现。【考点聚焦】句中what引导的是表语从句。举例：1）Thats what I want. 那就是我想要的。2）Thats why I admire her so much. 那就是我为什么钦佩她的原因。6. Sb. devotes ones life to sth./ doing sth.【原句再现】 She is famous for devoting her life to caring for the poor. 她因献身于关心穷人事业而著名。【考点聚焦】devotes to sth./ doing sth. 把献于，把用于；to 是介词，故遇动词要加ing.举例：1) Please devote more time to your study. 请在学习上多用点时间。2) He devoted his life to educating children. 他一生都献给了教育事业。重点语法 限定性定语从句 定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词，通常是名词或代词。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。定语从句分限定性定语和非限定性定语从句。限定性定语从句紧接先行词之后，修饰先行词，对先行词起限制作用，与被修饰词之间不用逗号分开。关系代词同时起两个作用：一是起连词的作用，一是在从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语。关系代词充当主语时，不能省略；而充当宾语时常省略。引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, which, that等。who, whom 用于指人，which指物，that所修饰的先行词既可以是物，也可以是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。举例：1) The boy who answered the question was John. 回答问题的那位男孩叫约翰。2) The film (which) we saw last week was moving. 我们上星期看的电影非常感人。3) She is the girl (that )you saw in the school. 她就是你在学校见到的那个姑娘。4) I will show you the photos (that/which) I took three days ago. 我将让你看一看我三天前拍的照片。5) He is a man (who/whom) you can safely depend on. 他是一个完全可以信赖的人。注意： A) 当先行词是all, anything, everything, something , nothing等不定代词，或先行词前有first, last, any , few, no, much, some, no , only 以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导定语从句。如：1) That is all that I want to say. 那是我想说的一切。2）He is the first person that can solve that problem. 他是能解决那个问题的第一人。3）Tell me everything that you know. 告诉我你所知道的一切。4）This is the most beautiful city that I have visited. 这是我去过的最漂亮的城市。B) 关系代词的省略：在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可以省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可以用that, 只能用which 或whom引导从句。如：1）I will do everything (that) I can do to help you. 我会做我能够做到的一切去帮助你。2）This is the school in which he works. 这就是他工作的学校。3）This is the question about which weve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经过很多讨论的那个问题。 C）先行词同时包括人和非人时，其定语从句的引导词应用that；用who和which提问时，其定语从句的引导词用that。如：1）The man and his dog that I always meet in this street are standing by the gate.我经常在这条街遇到的那位男孩和他的狗正在大门口站着。2）Who is the student that studies in the next class?在隔壁班学习的那位学生是谁？3）Which is the car that you bought yesterday? 你昨天买的汽车是哪一辆？典例详析一、选择填空。1. （ ）Do you know the student _ is talking with our teacher?A. which B. who C. whom D. whose答案：B讲解：本句意为“你认识同咱们老师谈话的那位学生吗？”。本题考查限制性定语从句，这类从句常用关系代词who, which, that等引导，与被修饰词之间不用逗号分开。关系代词同时起两个作用：一是起连词的作用，一是在从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语。关系代词充当主语时，不能省略；而充当宾语时常省略。本句的先行词student为人，故用who引导，who作主语不能省略。2. （ ）Marie Curie and Pierre Curie _ radium.A. invented B. made C. discovered D. created答案：C讲解：discover用于发现了一个原先不存在而不为人知的事物，如一个地方或一个事实; invent用于发明创造了原先不存在的事物，如一种机器或一种方法; create指“创造”“造成”“创作”。3. （ ）And then I watched all the glasses _ were on the table fall off onto the floor.A. which B. that C. who D. /答案：B讲解：当先行词含有nothing, everything, anything , all, little, none, everybody, everone时，只能用that作关系代词引导定语从句。4. （ ）Jack _ Mary for thirty years.A. has married B. has been married to C. married to D. gets married to答案：B。讲解：marry和get married都是非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用用于完成时态。二、完成句子。1. 几年以后，老人死于癌症。Several years later, the old man _ _ cancer答案：died of讲解：die of用于由饥饿或疾病等内因引起的死亡; die from用于由外因引起的死亡。2. 他一生致力于帮助盲人。He has _ his life _ _ blind people.答案：devoted, to helping讲解：devote 作动词意为“献身于，致力于”，后面一般跟oneself, ones life, ones time, ones efforts等，常与介词to连用，后面要跟名词或动名词。3. 他今天上午缺课了。He was _ _ school this morning. 答案：absent from。讲解：be absent from 意为“缺席，未出席”。absence 是absent的名词形式，固定词组有：absence of mind 意为“心不在焉的”，相当于absent-minded。absent也可以作动词，意为“不在，不参与”。常用于absent oneself from sth. 结构.三、句型转换。1. His grandpa went abroad when he was twenty. (保持句意基本一致) His grandpa went abroad _ _ _ _ twenty.答案：at the age of.讲解：at the age of意为“在岁时”，相当于when引导的时间状语从句。2. He cared for the birds well. (保持句意基本一致) He _ _ the birds well.答案：looked after讲解：care for 意为“关心 、照料”，与look after, take care of 同义。3. I read a book. The book was written by Luxun. (连成一句) I read a book _ _ _ by Luxun.答案：that/which was written讲解：book为先行词，用that或which 连接成定语从句。四、翻译句子。1. 据说他已经成为了一位有名气的医生。答案：It is said that he has been a well-known doctor.讲解：It is said that是一个固定句型，意思是“据说”。类似的句型还有It is believed that; it is reported that等。2. 当他还是一个中学生时，就对物理学感兴趣。答案：He has been interested in physics ever since he was a middle school student.讲解：ever since 引导的时间状语从句，主句用完成时，从句用过去时。9B Unit 4 班级 姓名 得分 听力部分（20分）一、选择题。（听录音，选择正确答案。）1. Who does Betty think is the greatest person? A B C 2. Who does Jack think is easier to be famous?A. B. C. 3. What are they talking about? A. B. C. 4.Which of the following does Paul know best？A. B. C. 5. Who is Tommys favourite star?A. Mother Teresa. B. Elvis Presley. C. Neil Armstrong.6. Who does Betty want to write about?？ A. Neil Armstrong. B. Einstein. C. Marie Curie.7. Who does Anne admire most?A. Marie Curie. B. Thomas Edision. C. Einstein 8. Which are they talking about?A. Thomas Edision. B. Alexander Bell. C. Elvis Presley .9. Which of the famous women does Charles admire very much? A. Mother Teresa B. Marie Curie. C. J K Rowing.10. What are they talking about? A. Dance B. Sports C. Weather二、 选择题（听对话或短文，选择正确答案。）听第1段材料，回答第1和2 题。1. When did the singer die? A. In 1944. B. In 1977. C. In 19862. Which of his movies is Janes favourite? A. Love Me Tender. B. Old Shep C. Loving You.听第2段材料，回答第3至5题。3. Where does David want to go with Jones? A. New York. B. San Francisco. C. Los Angeles.4. How will they go there? A. By plane. B. By train. C. By bus. 5. Whats the relation between David and Jones? A. Husband and wife. B. Two friends. C. Brother and sister 听第3段材料，回答第6至10题。6. Why do young people like Hip-hop dancing? A. It has a history of more than 20 years. B. They can invent their own moves. C. many young black people often dance it. 7. Where was Hip-hop first seen? A. In the movies. B. In the streets. C. In the old schools. 8. What part of their body can the young use to dance Hip-hop? A. Legs and arms. B. Heads and shoulders. C. Both A and B. 9. When did Hip-hop dancing became popular all over the world? A. In 1983. B. 20 years ago. C. In early times. 10. Which of the following is True about Hip-hop dancing? A. It shows that the young people feel bad about life. B. Young people use this dance to show their love for life. C. It shows that young people are afraid of problems.笔试部分（60分）一、选择填空。（10分）( ) 1. A number of _ will visit our school sometime next week. A. Canadian B. American C. Japanese D. Australian( ) 2. Mr. Green is the man _is talking with our English teacher. A. what B. whose C. who D. which ( ) 3. You will have to drive on the only road _ is covered with sand. A. that B. which C. who D. whom ( ) 4. Studying in a foreign country is a different _ and you can learn a lot. A. event B. exercise C. experience D. exhibition ( ) 5. Computers are becoming more and more popular, but some still _ too much. A. spend B. take C. cost D. pay ( ) 6. Gilbert _ electricity and Edison _ the electric light bulb. A. discovered, invented B. discovered, discovered C. invented, invented D. found, invented ( ) 7. The fire was getting stronger and stronger and it seemed to _. A. lose control B. be under control C. be out of control D. be controlled ( ) 8. - Will you come to the dinner party?-I wont come unless Jenny _ . A. will be invited B. can be invited C. invites D. is invited ( ) 9. The serious accident forced them to _ their holiday. A. cut off B. cut short C. cut down D. cut out ( ) 10. He _ from school because he has a bad cold. A. is present B. has left C. is absent D. isnt absent 二、阅读表达。（10分）Jan Mela isnt like most kids .Two years ago , he lost an arm and a leg .But that didnt stop him .On Saturday ,the 15year-old boy from Poland（波兰）walked to the North Pole（北极）without any help.“If I can do it ,other people can do great things ,too ,” Mela said before he went.Polish newspapers said Mela is the youngest person and the first handicapped（残疾的）person to walk to the North Pole.How did Mela lose an arm and a leg ? He had an electrical（电的）accident .Now , he walks with the help of a 62,000-yuan man-made leg.After the accident , Mela felt sad for himself . But he didnt lose hope .One day ,he met Marek Kaminski ,a Polish explorer . Eight years ago ,Kaminski went to the North Pole and the South Pole in the same year .Mela wanted to see the North Pole ,too . So Mela asked Kaminski if they could go together next time .Kaminski said yes!It took Mela 21 days to get to the North Pole .The last three or four days were really hard because of bad weather .But Mela kept going .“I didnt think we would make it ,” he said , “Then ,things got better.”1. What happened to Mela two years ago?2. Why did Polish newspapers report the travel to the North Pole?3. How does Mela walk after the accident?4. Where did Kaminski go eight years ago?5. Why did Mela make the travel?三、词汇。（10分）A) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。1. Yi Jianlian changed his role _(success)this basketball season. 2. Dad made a _(suddenly) decision that he would go abroad on business. 3. I am _(true) sorry to hear that several hundred people died in the typhoon in Taiwan. 4. We lost the game not only because Yao Ming was _(absence). 5. We want to meet Rose, the famous NBA basketball player at the airport. Do you know the _ (fly)number? B) 根据句意和中文提示,用单词的正确形式填空。6. You cant drive without a driving _(驾照). 7. Tsing Hung is one of the famous _(大学) in the world. 8. Yao Ming and Ye Li are a _(夫妇，一对) many young people admire. 9. When Fei Junlong was young, his dream was to be a _(飞行员).10. Yao Ming and Liu Xiang are the _(骄傲) of Shanghai.四、用所给动词的正确形式填空（6分）1. The children _(select) their new monitor in the classroom this time yesterday.2. The plane _(land) in two hours and we can see the new American president directly.3. The kite _(spin) in the air because of the strong wind now. 4. They are mending the gym. Who _(destroy) it? 5. The doctors _(manage) to save the wounded after the earthquake happened.6. As a waiter, he _ (serve) people kindly to let them feel like being at home.五、根据所给中文完成句子翻译（9分）1中学毕业以后，他被选中成为一名飞行员。 After he finished high school, he was _