新编大学英语视听说book3Unit5听力答案及文本.doc

(完整word版)新编大学英语视听说book3Unit5听力答案及文本Unit 5 language1Part 1Listening IEvery culture has its own way of saying things, its own special expressions. These are the living speech of a people. The soap expressions in English are just one example.Soap operas are radio and television plays about the problems and emotions in human relationships.They are called soap operas because the first programs-years ago-were paid for by soap-making companies. Like musical operas, soap operas are not about real people. And critics charge that they do not represent a balanced picture of real life. They note that almost everyone in a soap opera has a serious emotional problem, or is guilty of a crime. And there are several crises in every program.Yet, soap opera fans do not care about what the critics say. They love the programs and watch them every day. Such loyalty has made soap operas very popular in the United States. In fact, A few programs are so popular that they have been produced with the same actors for many years.Another expression that uses the word soap is “soap box”. There was a time when soap and other products were shipped in wooden boxes. The boxes were small, but strong. You could stand on one to see over the heads in a crowd or to be seen in a crowd. Soap boxes were a simple, easy way to make yourself taller if you wanted to give a public speech. Such soapbox speeches usually were political and one-sided. The speakers shouted their ideas to anyone who walked by. Many talked for hours refusing to get off their soap boxes.Today, you dont need a wooden box to make a soapbox speech. Anyone, anywhere, who talks endlessly about a cause is said to be on a soap box,.Another, quieter way to win support or gain influence is to “soft-soap” a person. This means to use praise or other kind words to get the person to do what you want.Exercise 11. plays， real people， real life， emotional problem， popular2. public speech, make themselves taller, political, one-sided3. soft-soap, praise, kind Exercise 2F F T T T TListening IIA: Do you think learners should try to speak English with a native-speaker pronunciation?B: Thats a difficult question to answer. I think the most important thing is to be understood easily. For most learners, its not necessary or desirable to speak like a native speaker. For some learners, for example, those who eventually want to teach English, or be interpreters perhaps, a native-speaker pronunciation is the ultimate goal. At least, thats what I think.A: Children often do not want to speak English with a native-speaker pronunciation. Why not?B: In general, children are splendid mimics and imitate strange sounds very easily and well. However, it is true that most children do not want to sound English when they are speaking English. This may be partly due to shyness but I think the main reason is that most children want to belong to a groupthey dress alike, listen to the same music, share the same opinions and hobbies. Even if a child can speak English like a native speaker, he or she will usually choose not tounless, of course, the rest of the group speaks with a native-speaker pronunciation too.A: What is the main reason why adults find pronunciation difficult?B: Numerous reasons have been offered for the difficulties which many adults find with pronunciation and, no doubt, there is some truth in all of these. It seems to be the case that children are better mimics than adults. But if an adult really wants to achieve a native-speaker pronunciation, then he or she can. It is NOT the students own language that prevents him or her from achieving a native-speaker pronunciation in English. It is the fact that the adult student has a strong sense of national identity. In other words, he or she wants to be identified as a German or Brazilian speaking English. In my opinion, this sense of national identity is more important than other explanations, such as the greater anxiety of adults or the effect of their own language habits. Exercise 11 C 2 A 3DExercise 21. be understood easily2. necessary, desirable3. splendid4. prevent, from achieving5. anxiety, effectListening III(Dr.Mallard is an expert on bilingual education. She has a show on radio through which she answers questions from parents about how to raise their children to be bilingual.)Dr.Mallard: Hello, sir. You are on air.John: Oh, hello. Dr.Mallard?Dr.Mallard: Yes, How may I help you?John: Dr.Mallard, my name is John. My wife Maria and I just had our first baby girl.Dr.Mallard: Congratulations, John. You must be very excited.John: Yes, we are indeed. Here is why I called. Maria is from Peru, and speaks fluent Spanish and fairly good English, depending on the situation. I am a native English speaker and I also speak almost fluent Spanish. We live in the U.S and communicate in Spanish at home 95% of the time.Dr.Mallard: I see. Please go on.John: My question is this: how should we communicate in order to ensure the bilingual successof our child?Dr.Mallard: OK. From what you told me I guess you and your wife have already started using mostly Spanish with your newborn girl. Is that correct?John: Yes. I think using Spanish with her just feels kind of natural to both of us.Dr.Mallard: That is fine, because language uses within a family should be natural: we use the languages to build a family relationship, not to “teach” the languages.John: But is it reasonable to assume that our baby will be exposed to enough English in the world outside our house and therefore it will be OK for us to speak to her almost solely in Spanish?Dr.Mallard: Well, in my opinion, yes. And I also believe that your baby will have a lot of exposure to English at home as well. She will listen to not only music and talk on the TV, but also relative and friends who are visiting or telephoning. Besides, she may also have English input from you yourself: for example, you may want to sing to her the English-language nursery rhymes that you remember from your own childhood.John: Ok. That really eases my mind. Thank you so much, Dr.Mallard.Dr.Mallard: You are welcome.Exercise 1T F F F T TExercise 21. fairly good2. ensure, success3. natural, family relationship4. exposure5. visiting or telephoningListening IVTalk show host: Welcome to tonights program. Our guest is Dr. Charles Adams, language learning specialist. His book, Learning a Language over Eggs and Toast is on the best seller list. Welcome.Dr. Adams: Thank you.Talk show host: Tell us about the title of your book.Dr. Adams: First, it is important to establish a regular study program, like planning a few minutes every morning around breakfast time .Talk show host : But, I took Spanish for four years and I didnt become a proficient speaker of it.Dr. Adams: Well , we can become fluent speakers in a matter of a few minutes here and there. We should follow a regular course of study and remember that there is a difference between native fluency and proficiency in a language. I propose the latter.Talk show host: What are the basic keys you suggest ?Dr.Adams: People must organize their study by setting realistic and attainable goals Some people think they can learn the language in 30 days and become discouraged when they cant. Small steps are the key. Learning five new words a day and learning to use them actively is far better than learning 30 and forgetting them the next day.Talk show host: Um-hum. You mentioned individual learning styles. Can you explain what you mean by learning style?Dr.Adams: Sure .People have different ways of learning .Some are visual learners who prefer to see models of the patterns they are expected to learn. Other are auditory learners who favor hearing instructions over reading them. Our preferences are determined by factors such as personality ,culture, and past experiences.Talk Show Host: What is your learning style?Dr. Adams: I learn by doing. Talk show host: What do you mean by that?Dr.Adams:I know it might sound unusual, but moving around while trying to learn helps me.While I cut up tomatoes and onions for my breakfast in the morning ,I might recite aloud vocabulary to the rhythm of the knife .Talk show host : What is my learning style?Dr.Adams : Youre going to have to read my book to find that out. Talk show host : Okay Thank for joining us.Dr.Adams: My pleasure.Exercise 11 C 2 C 3 A 4 BExercise 21. Eggs, Toast2. realistic, far better than , forgetting3. determined, personality, culture4. recite aloudPart 2Video ScriptAlice: So,each of us has chosen some animals that we believe use language.Peter,what did you learn about whales and dolphins?Peter:It was thought that only humans coummunicate over long distances.Alice:How?Peter:They use high frequencies which can carry over along diatances .And,in fact,researchers seem to think that these animals seem to have a need to communicate with each other.And one researcher thinks that one day well be to know what theyre talking about.Alice:Good!.Henry,what did you find about.erm.elephants?Henry:I found that elephants can commmunicate over long distances too., but they use very low frequencies.I dont konw whether you could call their communication language or not ,but Ill look into it more .Alice:Ok,Margaret,what about parrots?Margaret:Weve all read about parrots,but I”ve been about a parrots called,who konws 971 words.He isnt counted as konwing a new word unless hes used it at least five times in a meaningful way. In other words, if he just repeats the word, it doesnt count.Alice:Do you have any examples of Nkisis language use? Margaret:Yes.It involves Jane Goodall, the famous anthropoloqist.She went to see Nkisi .Nkisis owner had shown him some pictures of Jane and some chimpanzees.When Jane walked into the room, Nkisi said,”Got a chimp?”Peter:Thatfunny.Alice:Anything else?Maegaret:Well,yes,when his owner broke the she was wearing, he said ,”What a pity!”You broke your nice new necklace.”Alice:I would certainly say he was using language.Maegaret: I have another example of a bird-like animals-tamarins,using long calls to maintain contact with individuals.Scientists have found that they have an individual and a group identity.Individuals in one group all sound quite different than individuals in another group,something like accents we have.Henry:Really?Thats very surprising!Maegaret:Yes,whats more amazing is they have even a sex-specific identity besides individual identity, so they can distinguish between males,females,neighbors,and strangers just like humans.Henry:Great. Now,Alice,what can you report?Alice;First of all,do we all agree that Amerrican ign Language is a language?The others:Yes.Alice:Well,all the great apes, such as chimpanzees and gorillas, can learn American Sign Lanuage.Henry:That would take some real work on their part.Alice:Right.But what is amazing to me is that each kind of ape can teach the sign language to others of their own kind.Peter:Ive found that wolves and dogs communicate through body gestures and facial expressions.For instance, aggressive wolves and dogs stand tall with their ears raised,and their head held high. They show their teeth, and raise their fur so that they look bigger.they may give a loud bark.And when they feel frightened or want to show obedience,they lower their bodies, flatten their ears,tuck in their tails,and close their mouths.they may roll over on their back and lie there,belly up.Margaret:I often see dogs raise their rear and lower their forequarters in a kind of of “bow”. What does that mean?Peter:That means they want to play.Henry:Well,did any of us find any information about beesdancing?Thats a very good example of how insects commmunicate with each other.Alice:Yeah,Ive got some.there are two typical dances of the bees :the round dance and the tailwagging dance.Henry:Can you explain then in detail?Alice:Well,the round dance is the simplest dance .Ah.the bee performs it when it finds food near the beehive.It doesnt provide much information;its more of .an.awakening signal.So,if the bee findsthe food it will start going in a small circle.Every one or two circles it will suddenlyreveese direction. Itcan go on for secondsand even minutes.Henry:What happen next?Alice:Erm.other bees follow the dancer and then fly off by themselves looking for food. If they havent been feeding at that the place before,they willlook for food in every direction near the beehive.Hower,the dancing bee also gives off smells that are recognized by other bees frequenting the same flowers.They will then fly directly to them.Peter;What about the tail-wagging dance?Alice;Well,inthe typical tail-wagging dance the bee files ahead for a short distance,then returns in a semicircle to the starting point,again goes through the straight stretch, makes a semicircle in the opposite direction and so on repeatedly.The straight part of the run is given particular emphasis by wagging the body forcefully. In addition,.er.during the tail-wagging portion of the dance the bee also gives out a buzzing sound.(She mimics the buzz of bees.)Peter:Then whats the purpose of the tail-wagging dance?Alice:It tells the other bees, very accurately, at what distance and in which direction the food is, so that they can look for in themselves.Margaret:Ok.I think we have a lot of good information here.Lets look for a little more, then meet again.Ok?The others:OK. (861 words)Exercise 11B 2A 3C 4E 5D 6FExercise 21) over long distances2) look into it3) five times 4) individual, group5) sex-specific, males, females, strangers6) great apes 7) teach, own kind 8) raised, held, look bigger 9) round ,tail-wagging10) feeding, every directionPart 3Video ScriptFather Gerald: in the name of the Father and of the Son and the Holy Spirit. Amen. Let us pray .Father, you have made the bond of marriage a holy mystery. A symbol of Christs love for his church .hear our prayers for Bernard and Lydis through your son, Jesus Christ, our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy goat. Ghost. One god, forever and ever. Amen. Charles friend : Its his first time. Hes friend of the family.Charles: Excellent.Father Gerald: Bernard and Lydia, I shall now ask if you freely undertake the obligations of marriage.Bernard, repeat after me: I do solemnly declareBernard: I do solemnly declareFather Gerald：that I know not of any lawful impedimentBernard: that I know not of any lawful impedimentFather Gerald:why I, LydiaBernard:why I, BernardFather Gerald: sorry. Why IBernard Godfery Saint John DelaneyBernard: W