新概念青少版2A复习总结(语法).doc

新概念2A总复习
Part 1 时态

一、 现在进行时：表示说话时正在做的事情
1、基本结构：be+doing （do代指所有动词原形）
肯定句：主语+am/is/are+doing......
My mother is talking with the dentist.
否定句：主语+am/is/are not+doing...
They aren’t playing games.
一般疑问句：Is/Are+主语+doing...? Yes,主语+am/is/are...
Is she waiting for a bus? No,主语+am/is/are not.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/are+主语+doing....?
Where are they doing their homework?
2、 动词现在分词变化规则：
1) 一般情况下,直接在动词后加－ing 
work ---- working sleep ----- sleeping  study ----- studying
2) 动词以不发音的－e结尾,要去－e加－ing 
take ----- taking  make ----- making  dance ----- dancing 
3) 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加－ing 
cut ----- cutting  put ----- putting  begin ------ beginning 
4) 以－ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加－ing 
lie ----- lying  tie ----- tying  die ----- dying

二、 一般现在时：表示客观事实、真理 ‚经常发生、有规律的事情
1、基本结构：
带有be动词: 主语+am/is/are+
肯定句：主语+am/is/are+n./adj./prep.短语...
The sky is blue.
My music book is in the bag.
否定句：主语+am/is/are not+n./adj./prep.短语...
It isn’t my magazine.
The curtain isn’t clean.
一般疑问句：Is/Are+主语+n./adj./prep.短语...? Yes,主语+am/is/are.
Are these gloves yours? No,主语+am/is/are not.
Is there any water in the jug？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/are+主语+n./adj./prep.短语....?
Which one is right?
Who is the man in a black hat?
‚带有实义动词：主语+(never/sometimes/often/usually/always)v.原形/v.三单+....(every morning/day/week.)
do/does/did:照妖镜，后面的动词要现原形
肯定句：主语+v.原形/三单+.......
They usually live in dry places.
It sometimes rains in summer.
否定句：主语+don’t /doesn’t +v.原形+.......
We don’t go to school on weekends.
Linda doesn’t walk to school, but she goes by car.
一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+v.原形.......？ Yes,主语+do/does.
Do you always arrive at school very early? No,主语+don’t/doesn’t.
Does Lucy have a rest every afternoon?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+v.原形.......?
发音:
清辅音后/s/
浊辅音和元音后/z/
How do you go to school every morning?
Why does she always arrive so late?
2、 动词第三人陈单数变化规则：
1)一般直接在动词尾直接加 s.如：
play—plays, want—wants, work—works,
know—knows,help—helps, get—gets
2)以字母s、x、ch、sh结尾的动词加-es 发音/iz/；如：
guess—guesses,fix—fixes,teach—teaches,brush—brushes,
watch—watches,catch—catches
3)以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.发音/z/如：
study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies,worry—worries

1、学生们在干什么？有一些在打电话，另一些躺在沙滩上。 
_____ _____ the students _____? Some _____ _____ on the phone, 
_____ ___ _____ on the beach. 
2、“格林先生在看电视吗？” “不， 他在打扫房间。” 
 “_____ Mr Green _____ TV?” “_____, He _____ _____ the house.”
3、魏芳不是在读书，她在写信。 
   Wei Fang _____ _____ a book. She _____ _____ a letter. 
4、 今天天气怎么样？_____ is the weather today?   
或 _____ is the weather _____ today? 
5、我正在通过收音机学 (learn) 英语。  I _____ _____ English on the radio.
6、这个老人每天早上六点钟起床。 
The old man _____ _____ at six o’clock in the morning every day. 
7、 你从哪里来？ Where _____ you from?或 Where _____ you _____ from?   
我从美国来。 I _____ from America.    或I _____ from America.
8、  My father always __________(come) back from work very late.   
9、  The teacher is busy. He __________ (sleep) six hours a day.
10、Listen! Joan __________(sing) in the classroom.  
She often __________ (sing) there.
11、 __________ your brother __________(know) Japanese?   
12、 Where __________ you __________ (have) lunch every day? 
13、The girl __________(like) wearing a skirt. 
Look! She __________(wear) a red skirt today.
14．You can’t see her now；she （have）a bath.
15．He usually （drink）coffee but today he （drink）tea.
16．The children （have）a good time at the party very much right now.
17．A：How （you usually get）to work？
B：I usually （go）by bus but today I (go)by car.
18．The Green （watch）TV now.
19．Listen！Who （sing）in the classroom over there？
20．Be quite！Grandfather （sleep）in the bedroom now.
21．He （go）to work by car every day.
22．She （visit）her grandmother on Monday and Friday twice a week.
23．Look！They （fly）kites over there.
24．Her name （be）Lucy. She （be）my best friend.
She （like）reading and watching TV. She （have ）a happy
Family.

三、一般将来时：表示以后将会发生的事情(be going to:打算，计划)
表示将来的时间：tomorrow, next week, next year 等时间放在句尾
基本机构：主语+be going to +v.原形+(时间)
肯定句：主语+am/is/are+going to+ v.原形...？
It’s going to be a very early start.
They are going to meet their teacher.
否定句：主语+am/is/are not+going to+ v.原形...
I’m not going to take photos.
She isn’t going to be a model.
一般疑问句：Is/Are+主语+going to+ v.原形...? Yes,主语+am/is/are.
Are you going to have a walk along the river? No,主语+am/is/are not.
Is he going to have a bath？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/are+主语+going to+ v.原形....?
What’re you going to do this morning?
Who is he going to meet for lunch?

1. 明年我打算卖了(sell)我的旧车，然后买辆新的。
.
2. 我打算下周打扫我的房间。
.
3. Paul不打算理发。 .
4. 你打算周六下午去看牙医吗？ ?
5. 他明天早上打算做什么？
?
6. 你打算去哪里买书？
?
7. Clair打算和谁一起去？
?

四、 一般过去时：表示过去特定的时间发生的事情
1、基本结构：带有be动词: 主语+was/were+...(过去的时间)
肯定句：主语+was/were+n./adj./prep.短语...
There weren’t any women in the race many years ago.
It was very cold yesterday.
否定句：主语+was/were not+n./adj./prep.短语...
He wasn’t at home yesterday morning.
The real London bus was very old.
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+n./adj./prep.短语...? Yes,主语+did.
Were they at the railway station a short time ago? No,主语+didn’t.
Was the old bus very dangerous?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+n./adj./prep.短语....?
What was the old bus like?
When were they in the race?
‚带有实义动词：主语+v.过去式+....
注意!
此处有照妖镜出没,注意动词形式
肯定句：主语+v.过去式+.......
We had some chocolate last weekend.
否定句：主语+didn’t +v.原形+.......
We didn’t have any sweets last weekend.
一般疑问句：Did+主语+v.原形.......？
Did you buy any fruit the day before yesterday?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+v.原形.......?
What did you do last summer vacation?
-ed发音:
清辅音后/t/
浊辅音和元音后/d/
t/d后/id/
2、动词过去式变化规则：
1)一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed, 如：
work—worked  play—played  want—wanted  ask—asked
2)以不发音的-e结尾动词，动词词尾加-d, 如：
live—lived  move—moved  taste—tasted
3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改成i, 加—ed, 如：
study—studies  try—tried  copy—copied  carry—carried
4)重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加—ed, 如：
stop—stopped

5)常用不规则动词过去式
am,is,
was
have
had
are
were
do
did
eat
ate
go
went
give
gave
read
read
feel
felt
come
came
buy
bought
fly
flew
drive
drove
ride
rode
put
put
sell
sold
see
saw
get
got
sit
sat
hang
hung
bring
brought
become
became
break
broke
take
took
cut
cut
meet
met
leave
left
say
said
run
ran
tell
told
sleep
slept
write
wrote
win
won
find
found

1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 
2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday?      
No, she _________. 
3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening? 
He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.
4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 
5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend. 
She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.
6. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。 
  Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an English book last night.
7. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。 
  Emma__________ TV every day. But she _________ ________ ________ yesterday.
8. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。 
   What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday? 
   They _________ __________ homework and _________ __________.
9. Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）
Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home. 
10. He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句) 
  ___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge? 
11. There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)
_______ there _______ orange in the cup? 
12. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）   
 _______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?  
13. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） 
_______ ________ ________  out for a walk?