2021届高考英语二轮复习-专题6-真题分块练习—形容词和副词专练.docx

2021届高考英语二轮复习 专题6 真题分块练习—形容词和副词专练

2021届高考英语二轮复习 专题6 真题分块练习—形容词和副词专练

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第六讲：真题分块练习——形容词和副词

语法填空常考点
1．基本用法和比较等级
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Oranges: Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
③(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
④(2020·浙江7月高考)Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.
⑤(2020·浙江1月高考)The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older (old) than before.
⑥(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher (high) than they actually are.
⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer (long) than nonrunners.
⑧(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)That makes her baby scream, and then a 400pound male appears.He screams the loudest (loud) of all.
⑨(2018·浙江6月高考)There could be an even higher (high) cost on your health.
⑩(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
2．形容词构词法
⑪(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pinkcolored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
⑫(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
⑬(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)We are so proud of her.It’s wonderful (wonder)．
⑭(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many traditional (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.
⑮(2019·北京高考) ...it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful (meaning) college experience.
⑯(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it’s always energetic (energy)．
⑰(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global (globe) fertilizer consumption.
⑱(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged (challenge)．
⑲(2018·浙江6月高考)The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be affordable (afford) but doing this most days adds up.
⑳(2017·浙江11月高考)One of the effective (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books.
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)However, be careful (care) not to go to extremes.
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The Central London Railway was one of the most successful (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
3．副词构词法
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Landing on the moon’s far side is extremely (extreme) challenging.
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Certainly (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved gently (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
(2020·浙江1月高考)This is particularly (particular) true in the US.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly (poor) studied ...
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have finally (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were hugely (huge) popular with tourists.
(2019·浙江6月高考)When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily (easy) see them.
(2018·浙江11月高考)Recently (recent), caffeine has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks.
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)A taste for meat is actually (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)It is certainly (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
短文改错常考点
1．比较等级的错用
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. 去掉more
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people. larger→large
③(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. earlier→early
2．形容词的错用
④(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. interesting→interested
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums. difference→different
3．副词的错用
⑥(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)From now on, I started to play football with classmates after school.
now→then
⑦(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Then, when I was in the fifth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. too→very/so
⑧(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens. here→there
⑨(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.
去掉much
⑩(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.
Beside→Besides
4．形容词与副词之间的错用
⑪(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. simply→simple
⑫(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)I’m surely you’ll have a good time. surely→sure
⑬(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In order to make surely all of us are in good health, she makes specific plans for us. surely→sure
⑭(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.
coolly→cool
⑮(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.
ordinarily→ordinary
⑯(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)I felt happily that their life had improved. happily→happy
⑰(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Immediate, I raised my hand. Immediate→Immediately
⑱(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road. suddenly→sudden

(一)基本用法与比较等级
1．形容词多放在名词或代词前，起修饰作用，用来表示人或物的性质、特征等。
2．副词多放在动词、形容词、副词前或句首，表示时间、频率、范围、语气、程度、方式、因果等。
3．形容词和副词的比较等级。单音节或双音节的形容词和副词的比较等级分别加er或est。多音节形容词和副词的比较等级分别加more和most。
4．表示“比……”时，用比较级；表示“最……”时，用最高级。
5．牢记“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...”结构，表示“越……，就越……”。
(二)构词法
1．动词、名词变形容词的后缀
后缀
例词
-able可……的；能……的
accept→acceptable　　　可接受的
comfort→comfortable 舒适的
fashion→fashionable 时髦的
suit→suitable 合适的
reason→reasonable 有道理的
-al与……有关的
music→musical　 　　　音乐的
origin→original 最初的
person→personal 个人的；私人的
centre→central 中央的；中心的
nature→natural 自然的；天生的
form→formal 正式的
nation→national 全国的
-ful充满……的；有……性质或倾向的
doubt→doubtful　 　　怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
harm→harmful 有害的
hope→hopeful 有希望的
peace→peaceful 和平的
care→careful 细心的
use→useful 有用的
help→helpful 有帮助的
-ed感到……的
scare→scared　　　　　感到恐惧的
confuse→confused 感到困惑的
puzzle→puzzled 感到迷惑的
worry→worried 担心的
bore→bored 感到厌倦的
excite→excited 激动的；兴奋的
determine→determined 有决心的
-ing令人……的
surprise→surprising　　令人惊讶的
convince→convincing 令人信服的
satisfy→satisfying 令人满意的
worry→worrying 令人担心的
bore→boring 令人厌烦的
-ible可……的；能……的
access→accessible 容易到达的；容易取得的
horror→horrible　　　可怕的；恐怖的
terror→terrible 可怕的
-ive与……有关的；有……倾向的
act→active　　　　　　积极的；活跃的
effect→effective 有效的；生效的
attract→attractive 有吸引力的
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
expense→expensive 昂贵的
-ous多……的；有……特性的
continue→continuous 　 不断的；持续的
anxiety→anxious 忧虑的
caution→cautious十分小心的；谨慎的
curiosity→curious 好奇的
humor→humorous 幽默的
-some引起……的
tire→tiresome　　　　令人厌倦的
trouble→troublesome 麻烦的
-y具有……性质或特点的
taste→tasty　　　　 　美味的；可口的
health→healthy 健康的
wealth→wealthy 富裕的；丰富的
dirt→dirty 有灰尘的；脏的
rain→rainy 多雨的
sun→sunny 阳光明媚的
cloud→cloudy 阴天的
-ern表示方位、地点等……的
east→eastern　　 　　东方的；向东的
west→western 西方的；向西的
-ish有……性质或特点
child→childish　　　 　孩子气的
fool→foolish 愚蠢的；可笑的
self→selfish 自私的
-ic与……有关的
science→scientific 　 　科学的
economy→economic 经济的
history→historic　历史(上)的；有关历史的
-en由……制成或构成的
gold→golden　　　　　金的
wood→wooden 木制的
wool→woolen 羊毛的

2.形容词变副词的规则
一般情况加-ly
common→commonly
immediate→immediately
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，将y改为i然后加-ly
easy→easily
happy→happily
busy→busily
以-le结尾，去掉e加-y
simple→simply
gentle→gently
以-ic结尾，加-ally
economic→economically
scientific→scientifically

(三)特殊情况
1．以-ly结尾的形容词：friendly, lovely, lonely, deadly, daily, monthly, weekly, yearly等。
2．兼有形容词和副词词性的hard, deep, slow等词与hardly, deeply, slowly的区别。

(一)单句语法填空
1．(2020·昆明三模)Because of Richard Sears’ enthusiasm for traditional (tradition) Chinese culture, he began learning Chinese in 1972.
2．(2020·佛山三模)Wouldn’t it be enjoyable (enjoy) to have a greeting code that is widely (wide) acceptable?
3．(2020·大庆三模)Thankfully (thank), effective measures have been taken by China and India to prohibit the Tibetan antelopes from being hunted.
4．(2020·哈尔滨第五次模拟)Bikesharing is a greener (green) method of transportation and provides a more friendly experience.
5．However, the programs have also led to problems such as illegal (legal) parking, deliberate damaging and theft.
6．(2020·济南打靶卷)She is known as “the most (much) beautiful grandma doctor” by others.
(二)单句改错
1．Now I take a shower quickly than before. quickly前加more
2．I make people happily with my letters, and you do too. happily→happy
3．This year I experienced one of the long holidays in my life.I had to stay at home to avoid being infected by the novel coronavirus, a kind of virus that resulted in a serious lung disease.
long→longest
4．I hope to study in Zhongshan University in the future, and that’s why I’m working so hardly now. hardly→hard
5．We need to face many pains as we grow up.But these pains eventual bring us gains. eventual→eventually
6．Most important, they’ve reduced river pollution, making the water so clean that people can now fish in the river. important→importantly