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(每日一练)(精选试题附答案)高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld知识点总结归纳完整版
单选题
1、The man took out a knife and made a mark ____ his sword was dropped, confusing the passengers on board.
A.from whereB.whatC.on whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:这名男子拿出一把刀,在剑掉的地方做了个记号,让舟上的乘客迷惑不解。分析句子可知,先行词为mark在,____ his sword was dropped在句中作地点状语,所以关系副词用where引导。故选D。
2、We are talking about the case ______ he was accused ______ theft.
A.that; inB.where, ofC.which; toD.what; on
答案:B
考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意:我们正在谈论他被指控偷窃的案件。先行词是the case,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句,固定搭配be accused of (被指控)。故选B项。
3、There are many reasons _______ people learn a foreign language.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:人们学习外语的原因有很多。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reasons,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用why引导。故选A。
4、We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age(一个时代),且先行词在从句中作时间状语,所以关系词用when。故选C。
5、Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it.
A.neither of themB.both of themC.none of whomD.neither of whom
答案:D
考查代词和定语从句。句意:上周,只有两个人来看这所房子,他们都不想买。分析句子,前句提到“two people”表示两个人,故排除C项,none指三者或者三者以上都不。划线前的“逗号”不可同时放下两个简单句。故排除A和B项。再根据定语从句引导词作用之一,连接主从句。且此处表示两者都不。先行词为 two people ,作of的宾语。关系代词为whom。故选D项。
6、It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscars history ________actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke ________ Rock made about Smith’s wife’s hair.
A.which...thatB.that...whenC.when...thatD.that...which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:这是奥斯卡历史上最令人惊讶的时刻之一,演员Will Smith走上舞台,打了Chris Rock一巴掌,因为Rock对Smith妻子的头发开了个玩笑。根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空是定语从句,先行词是moments,在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。第二空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词a joke,在从句中作宾语,引导词应填that/which/不填。故选C。
7、Life is like a marathon ______ perseverance and consistent efforts count.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.why
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:人生就像马拉松,在这当中,毅力和坚持起作用。空格处是定语从句,先行词 marathon是抽象地点,在定语从句中缺少状语,因此要用关系副词where引导。故选C。
8、We will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我们将永远不会忘记我在那个村子里受到照顾的日子。A. that那个,引导从句;B. which哪个;C. when在那时;D. where在哪里。根据句子结构,此句是定语从句。先行词是the days,缺少关系词,在从句中作时间状语,故用when引导。故选C。
9、The book I have chosen is Fu Lei’s Family Letters ______ he shared his views about art and life.
A.thatB.whoseC.whereD.who
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我选择的书是《傅雷的家书》,他在书中分享了他对艺术和生活的看法。句中先行词为Fu Lei’s Family Letters,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故选C。
10、Have you read all the information that this case?
A.relateB.relate toC.relates toD.relates
答案:C
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意:你读过所有与这个案子相关的信息了吗?表示“与……相关”短语为relate to,在定语从句中作谓语,且“that this case”为定语从句修饰先行词information,先行词在从句中作主语,从句为一般现在时,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,information是不可数名词,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
11、All the _________ indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.
A.evidenceB.factC.factorD.cause
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:所有的证据都表明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系。A. evidence证据;B. fact事实;C. factor因素;D. cause原因。由下文“indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.”可知,证据表明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系,所以此处表示“证据”,应用evidence,故选A。
12、Newspapers, magazines and TV interviews are important means ________ we highlight the importance of conserving the environment.
A.of whichB.by whichC.in whichD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:报纸、杂志和电视采访是我们强调保护环境重要性的重要手段。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“means”,指物,“by means of…”意为“通过……的方法”,故应用“介词+关系代词”引导从句,应用关系代词“which”代指“means”,作介词“by”的宾语,故空格处应填“by which”。故选B项。
13、There was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.
A.whileB.asC.whenD.unless
答案:C
考查关系副词。句意:曾经有一段时间,如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车,男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是there was a time when,先行词是time,在定语从句中作时间状语,用when引导定语从句。故选C。
14、________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better.
A.Now thatB.AlthoughC.Due toD.Despite
答案:A
考查连词。句意:由于我的头脑清醒了,我的大脑开始运转得更好了。A. now that 既然;由于;B. although conj. 虽然;C. due to 由于;因为;D. despite prep. 尽管,虽然。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里需要连词,表示“因为,由于”的意思,引导原因状语从句。C选项的是介词短语。故选A。
15、The White Horse Temple, ________ back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, has a history of more than 1,900 years.
A.datesB.datedC.datingD.to date
答案:C
考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:白马寺始建于东汉,距今已有1900多年的历史。分析句子可知,date在句子中不作谓语,且与其逻辑主语The White Horse Temple是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作状语。故选C项。
16、I don’t want to give the ______ that I’m running away from the punishment.
A.descriptionB.impressionC.expressionD.performance
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我不想给人留下我在逃避惩罚的印象。A. description描述;B. impression印象;C. expression表达;D. performance表演。根据句意和空格后that从句的内容可知,我不想给人留下一种印象——我在逃避惩罚。故选B项。
17、I will never forget the scene ________ you saw me off in tears at the station.
A.whichB.whyC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意: 我永远不会忘记你在车站泪眼汪汪地为我送行的那一幕。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是scene(情景),是抽象地点名词,且定语从句中缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where来引导,故选D。
18、My attitude________him is that of a friend.
A.toB.asC.onD.For
答案:A
考查介词搭配。句意:我对他的态度是朋友的态度。A. to 朝、对于;B. as 作为、正如;C. on 在……之上;D. for 为了。分析句意再根据attitude可知,此处用介词to与attitude构成固定搭配,表示“对……的态度”符合语境。故选A项。
19、The way ________ you used to make fire ________ right.
A./, proved
B.that, was proved
C.in which, proved
D.what, has been proved
答案:A
考查定语从句和prove用法。句意:你使用的生火方法证明是对的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰先行词way,其意为“方式”,定语从句引导词可用that或in which,也可省略;第二空用prove作连系动词,其意为“证明是,结果是”,后接形容词right作表语,根据句意,应用一般过去时态。故选A项。
20、Middle School attached to Shanghai Normal university, Minhang campus will reach its _________ of over 700 students this September.
A.targetB.struggleC.balanceD.contact
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:上海师范大学附属中学闵行校区将于今年9月达到700多名学生的目标。A. target目标;B. struggle奋斗,努力;C. balance平衡;D. contact联系。根据句意,设空处应表示“学校的目标”,故填名词target,作宾语。故选A。
21、That is the very book______ I am looking for.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:那正是我要找的书。此处为定语从句修饰先行词book,先行词在从句中作宾语,指物,且被the very修饰,只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。
22、The reason ________I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:我之所以在这里讲述这个故事是因为我做出了正确的决定。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用why。故选A。
23、The man ________ you shook hands just now is our new English teacher.
A.with whomB.whomC.with whichD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你刚才和他握手的那个人是我们的新英语老师。分析句子结构可知,______ you shook hands just now为定语从句,shake hands with sb.为固定用法,先行词the man,指人,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,需用关系代词whom引导。故选A。
24、On her birthday, she received a nice present from her parents _______ a note was attached, saying “We love you so much.”
A.from whichB.to whichC.in whichD.by which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:在她生日那天,她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物,上面有一张纸条,写着“我们非常爱你。”句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为present(礼物),根据从句中的was attached可知,先行词作be attached to的宾语,将to提到从句句首,其后用关系代词which指代先行词。故选B项。
25、There is a world of ________ between liking someone and loving them.
A.differenceB.amusementC.expressionD.description
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同;B. amusement高兴;C. expression表达;D. description描写。根据句子意思可知,“like”和“love”是近义词,但是程度不一样,所以体现出它们的不同。故选A项。
26、That flood has been ________ several times to prove that it’s important to take preventive________.
A.referred to, actionsB.referred, measure
C.referred, actionD.referred to, measures
答案:D
考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意:人们多次提到那次洪水,以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表示“提到,提及”应用短语refer to;结合上文“it’s important to take preventive”指采取预防措施,应用take measures,也可以说成take action。故选D。
27、She is going through a difficult phase ________ she will not only complete her college course but also look after her sick father.
A.whereB.whatC.whichD.why
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:她正在经历一个困难的阶段,她不仅要完成大学课程,还要照顾生病的父亲。空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是phase,表示“阶段,时期”,表示抽象的地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导,故选A项。
28、Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company.
A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句关系词。句意:之后,在这章中,这种案例将会被介绍给读者,在这种案例中,消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁,指代人;B. when什么时候,指代时间;C. which哪一个,指代物;D. where什么地方,指代地点。分析从句结构,主语consumers’ support消费者的支持,系动词became变成,表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉,结构完整,考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case,在从句中作状语成分in the case,表示抽象地点,故选D。
29、Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night.
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since
答案:B
考查连词。句意:受新冠肺炎疫情影响,当地5星级酒店一晚5000元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知,此处引导分割式限制性定语从句,先行词为days,关系副词when引导从句,在从句中作时间状语,相当于during which,意为“在那时”。故选B项。
30、Life is like a long race _______ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:生活就像一场长跑,我们彼此竞争,超越自我。空格后的句子是由a long race所引导的定语从句。在定语从句中,缺地点状语,表示在这场长跑中,所以我们用关系副词where进行引导。故此题选A。
完成句子
31、那座可以追溯到唐朝的古老建筑物真的是令人惊叹。
The ancient building_________________Tang Dynasty is really amazing.
答案:dating back to
考查现在分词和固定短语。根据中英文对照,可知缺少成分“追溯到”,应用动词短语date back to,分析句子可知,此处应为现在分词作定语,ancient building和dating back to为主动关系。故填dating back to。
32、良好的学习习惯,有用的技能和积极的态度同等重要。
_______ _______ _______are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.
答案: Of equal importance
考查形容词,介词短语和倒装句式。通过分析句子结构以及结合句意可知,are为系动词,good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude作主语,该句为“表语+系动词+主语”倒装句,用于突出强调表语部分。另外,空格处意为“同等重要”,of+名词是介词短语,相当于名词所有格的作用,意为“...的”,具有形容词性,equal为形容词,意为“平等的”, 修饰名词importance,且句首单词首字母大写。故填Of equal importance。
33、在漆黑的街上,没有一个她可以求助的人。
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help.
答案:to whom
考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析可知,空处引导定语从句修饰名词词组 a single person,“向某人求助”表达为turn to sb. for help,此处将介词to置于关系词之前,先行词作宾语,且指人,只能用whom。故填to whom。
34、尽管父母反对,她还是决意辞职去参加进修培训,她觉得这是值得的。
________ ________ ________from her parents, she________ ________ ________to resign and receive further training courses, which she thought was________.
答案: Despite the opposition was still determined worthwhile
考查介词、短语和形容词。介词despite,表示“尽管”,后接名词作宾语。名词opposition,表示“反对”,为不可数名词。be determined to决心,陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。形容词worthwhile,表示“值得的”,在句中作表语。根据句意,故填Despite;the;opposition;was;still;determined;worthwhile。
35、尽管下了大雨,她还是去购物了。
___________, she went shopping. (用介词)
___________, she went shopping. (用同位语从句)
答案: Despite/Regardless of/In spite of the heavy rain Despite/In spite of the fact that it rained heavily
1 .考查介词(短语)。根据句意及题目要求可知,此处使用介词或介词短语despite/regardless of/in spite of ,表示“尽管”,连接名词the heavy rain“大雨”,作让步状语。故填Despite/Regardless of/In spite of the heavy rain。
2 .考查同位语从句。根据句意及题目要求可知,此处使用介词或介词短语despite/in spite of ,连接名词the fact,后接同位语从句that it rained heavily。故填Despite/In spite of the fact that it rained heavily。
36、曾经有一段时间,有些人的一生仅仅致力于耕种土地或照料牛。(when)
________________________some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.
答案:There was a time when
考查when引导的定语从句。表示“曾经有一段时间”可知,时态用一般过去时,所以用There was a time.,分析汉语提示可知,其余内容为对名词time的限定修饰,所以其余内容为关系副词when引导的定语从句。故填There was a time when。
37、无论你在哪里,无论你在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。(where)
You can stay in touch with friends ________ you are or what you are doing.
答案:no matter where
考查让步状语从句。空处引导让步状语从句,“无论……”应用no matter+疑问词,“在哪里”应用where,故填no matter where。
38、上周,学校强烈要求家长进校时带口罩。(demand + that从句)
Last week, schools ________________________ when they visited school.
答案:demanded that parents (should) wear masks
考查虚拟语气。表达“强烈要求”应用demand;that引导宾语从句,从句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词使用(should)do;表示“家长”应用parents;表示“带口罩”应用wear masks,此处使用(should)wear masks;根据时间状语“last week”可知,要用一般过去时。故填demanded that parents (should) wear masks。
39、他迟到的原因是他睡过头了。(why)
The reason ________________ was that he overslept.
答案:why he was late
考查定语从句和时态。分析可知,空处为定语从句,修饰先行词reason;结合空后was可知,定语从句的时态为一般过去时。表示“他迟到了”为he was late,为主系表结构,因而先行词reason在定语从句中作状语,所以用关系副词why引导,故填why he was late。
40、During their visit to that country, they____________.
在他们访问那个国家期间,他们与当地人愉快地交流。
答案:communicated with natives happily
考查时态、动词短语和副词。“与某人交流”可译为communicate with sb. ,“当地人”可译为natives。根据原文可知,句子描述的是过去发生的动作,因此用一般过去时。“愉快地”可译为happily,作状语。故填communicated with natives happily。
语法填空
41、A canteen is a place in a factory or a school ________ meals or snacks are served to the people who work there. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:食堂是工厂或学校里为在那里工作的人提供饭菜或零食的地方。此处为定语从句修饰先行词canteen,先行词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导。故填where。
42、Have you ever read the book ________ ________ there are many pictures? (用适当的词填空)
答案: in which
考查定语从句。句意:你读过那本有很多图片的书吗?设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词book,根据下文可知图片应该是在书上的,“在书上”应用in the book,所以此处是介词in+关系代词来引导这个定语从句,先行词是事物,且定语从句缺少介词in后面的宾语,所以引导词用whicn,故填in;which。
43、Can you cite an example ________this word could be used?(用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:你能举个例子说明这个词的用法吗?分析句子结构和意思可知, this word could be used是定语从句,先行词是example,是抽象地点名词,在从句中做地点状语。故填where。
44、At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where##at which
考查定语从句。句意:在中国艺术节上,有不同的展台,在这里艺术家展示他们的技能,并教给游客。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,且先行词为stands,为地点,所以应用关系副词where。先行词为stands,在定语从句中应用介词at表示方位,关系代词which作介词at的宾语,所以也可用at which。故填where/at which。
45、The only reason _______I came was _______I wanted to meet your friends.(用适当的词填空)
答案: why that
考查定语从句及表语从句。句意:我来的唯一原因就是想见见你的朋友。第一空引导限定性定语从句,先行词是reason,在从句中作原因状语,应用关系副词why引导;第二空引导表语从句,从句句意完整、成分齐全,应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填①why;②that。
46、This is the factory________ I worked two years ago. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:这是我两年前工作过的工厂。分析句子结构,本句话是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the factory。先行词代入从句中做地点状语,所以需要where来引导定语从句。故答案为where。
47、I will never forget the day________ I first came to Chongqing. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:我永远不会忘记我第一次来重庆的那一天。day为先行词,从句缺少时间状语,故用when。故填when。
48、Why do you choose to ask him questions at a time _________ he is unhappy? (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:你为什么选择在他不开心的时候问他问题?分析句子成分可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,指代先行词time在从句中充当时间状语,应用关系代词when。故填when。
49、Inglis said phone boxes called to mind an age _____ things were built to last. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:英格利斯说,电话亭让人想起一个年代,那个年代的东西都是为了耐用而建造的。先行词为age,从句中缺少时间状语,故用关系副词when引导。故填when。
50、No one remembers the time ________ those explorers reached the most distant continent, Antarctica. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:没有人记得那些探险家到达最遥远的大陆——南极洲的时候。定语从句修饰先行词time,从句缺少时间状语,故用关系副词when。故填when。
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