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20xx年人教版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld(二十九)
1
单选题
1、The reason ________I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:我之所以在这里讲述这个故事是因为我做出了正确的决定。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用why。故选A。
2、The man ________ you shook hands just now is our new English teacher.
A.with whomB.whomC.with whichD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你刚才和他握手的那个人是我们的新英语老师。分析句子结构可知,______ you shook hands just now为定语从句,shake hands with sb.为固定用法,先行词the man,指人,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,需用关系代词whom引导。故选A。
3、Sped skating is a competitive form of ice skating________ the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.
A.in whichB.from whichC.on whichD.at which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:速滑是滑冰的一种竞技形式,选手们穿溜冰鞋进行一定距离的比赛。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,修饰“a competitive form of ice skating”,指物,in a ... form“以……形式”,先行词作介词in 的宾语,指物,用关系代词which,还原定语从句为:in the competitive form the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.故选A。
小提示:
4、Usually, there is an interval between the two parts of the concert _____ the audience can buy something to eat or have a rest.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:通常,音乐会的两个部分之间有一段时间间隔,观众可以买点东西吃或休息。此处是定语从句,先行词是an interval,在从句中做时间状语,用关系副词when。故选C项。
5、Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night.
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since
答案:B
考查连词。句意:受新冠肺炎疫情影响,当地5星级酒店一晚5000元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知,此处引导分割式限制性定语从句,先行词为days,关系副词when引导从句,在从句中作时间状语,相当于during which,意为“在那时”。故选B项。
6、The man took out a knife and made a mark ____ his sword was dropped, confusing the passengers on board.
A.from whereB.whatC.on whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:这名男子拿出一把刀,在剑掉的地方做了个记号,让舟上的乘客迷惑不解。分析句子可知,先行词为mark在,____ his sword was dropped在句中作地点状语,所以关系副词用where引导。故选D。
7、There is a world of ________ between liking someone and loving them.
A.differenceB.amusementC.expressionD.description
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同;B. amusement高兴;C. expression表达;D. description描写。根据句子意思可知,“like”和“love”是近义词,但是程度不一样,所以体现出它们的不同。故选A项。
8、The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system______ students were able to choose their own courses of study.
A.on whichB.about whichC.to whichD.by which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:哈佛大学的校长率先推出了选修课,学生可以选择自己的课程。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词system,且根据此处表示“学生可以借助系统选择自己的课程”,表示“借助”应用介词by,做介词的宾语且指“系统”应用关系代词which。故选D。
9、You’d better not ask for the reason ________ he was absent for the meeting.
A.whyB.whereC.whatD.because
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你最好不要问他缺席会议的原因。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“reason”,在从句中作原因状语,故应用关系副词“why”引导从句。故选A项。
10、People’s ________ for bicycles may reflect public dissatisfaction with bus service.
A.insistenceB.preference
C.confidenceD.reference
答案:B
考查名词辨析。句意:人们对于自行车的偏爱可以反映出公众对于公共汽车服务的不满意。A. insistence坚持;B. preference偏爱;C. confidence自信;D. reference参考。根据句意“反映出公众对于公共汽车服务的不满意”可推知,公众对自行车“偏爱”。故选B。
11、When you meet new words while reading, you can __________ your dictionary.
A.infer fromB.look upC.look intoD.refer to
答案:D
考查动词短语辨析。句意:当你阅读时遇到生词,可以参考字典。A. infer from从……推断出;B. look up查阅;C. look into调查;D. refer to参考、提及。结合句意表示“参考”应用refer to。而look up后应加要查的内容。故选D项。
12、If a shopping mall has chairs________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in it.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:如果商店有椅子,可供女人们安顿他们的丈夫,女人们在商店就会花更多时间。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词为chairs,是地点,因此空格处用关系副词where,故选C。
13、That flood has been ________ several times to prove that it’s important to take preventive________.
A.referred to, actionsB.referred, measure
C.referred, actionD.referred to, measures
答案:D
考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意:人们多次提到那次洪水,以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表示“提到,提及”应用短语refer to;结合上文“it’s important to take preventive”指采取预防措施,应用take measures,也可以说成take action。故选D。
14、She is going through a difficult phase ________ she will not only complete her college course but also look after her sick father.
A.whereB.whatC.whichD.why
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:她正在经历一个困难的阶段,她不仅要完成大学课程,还要照顾生病的父亲。空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是phase,表示“阶段,时期”,表示抽象的地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导,故选A项。
15、Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have been fighting.
A.to whichB.against whichC.with whichD.for which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子,此处考查介词加关系代词时,介词的选择。从句 fight译为“奋斗”,根据句意译为“为…...奋斗”为fight for,是固定搭配。for 可提至关系代词which前。故选D项。
16、It is in this very town, __________Tom was born 40 years ago, __________he will build a new school, __________excites everyone in the town.
A.that; that; whichB.that; where; thatC.where; that; whichD.where; when; that
答案:C
考查强调句和定语从句。句意:正是在这个40年前汤姆出生的小镇上,他将建造一所新学校,这使镇上的每个人都感到兴奋。第一空引导定语从句,先行词是town,从句缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where引导;第二空与前文“It is in this very town”构成强调句,强调地点状语“in this very town”,应用that;第三空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是school,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故选C项。
17、The ________ boy hasn’t turned up for several day, but one day he was caught ________ in the street.
A.missed, to begB.missed, begging
C.missing, beggingD.missing, begged
答案:C
考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意:那个失踪的男孩已经好几天没出现了,但有一天他在街上乞讨时被发现了。形容词missing“失踪的”,此处作定语修饰名词boy;第二空应用非谓语动词作主语补足语,逻辑主语he和beg之间是主动关系,且表动作正在进行,应用现在分词。故选C。
18、Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company.
A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句关系词。句意:之后,在这章中,这种案例将会被介绍给读者,在这种案例中,消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁,指代人;B. when什么时候,指代时间;C. which哪一个,指代物;D. where什么地方,指代地点。分析从句结构,主语consumers’ support消费者的支持,系动词became变成,表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉,结构完整,考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case,在从句中作状语成分in the case,表示抽象地点,故选D。
19、The man ________ you borrowed the camera has left for New York.
A.whoB.from whomC.to whoD.that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:你向他借相机的那个人已经去纽约了。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“man”,句中涉及固定短语“borrow sth. from sb.”,意为“向某人借某物”,先行词“man”在从句中作“from”的宾语,指人,故应用“介词from+关系代词whom”引导从句,空格处应填“from whom”。故选B项。
20、To be honest, I don’t want to get a job ________ I’m chained to a desk all day. It will bore me to death.
A.thatB.whatC.whereD.which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:老实说,我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。它会把我烦死的。分析句子可知,“ I’m chained to a desk all day”为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词job,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,表示“在这份工作中”,应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故选C项。
完成句子
21、巨石阵是世界上最著名的史前遗迹之一,可追溯到5000多年前。
Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments ________ over 5,000 years.
答案:dating back to
考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示,表示“追溯到”,应该使用动词短语date back to。分析句子,句中is为谓语动词,故date back to应该使用非谓语动词。句中Stonehenge和date back to之间是主动关系故应该使用现在分词作后置定语,故答案为dating back to。
22、在漆黑的街上,没有一个她可以求助的人。
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help.
答案:to whom
考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析可知,空处引导定语从句修饰名词词组 a single person,“向某人求助”表达为turn to sb. for help,此处将介词to置于关系词之前,先行词作宾语,且指人,只能用whom。故填to whom。
23、我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。
I don’t like the way ____________________________.
答案:(that/in which) you speak to your parents
考查定语从句。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处应用定语从句,句意为“和你父母讲话的方式”。因为先行词是the way,故定语从句引导词用that/in which或者省略,作状语。表示“和你父母讲话”用you speak to your parents,修饰the way。故答案为(that/in which) you speak to your parents。
24、这座小镇的历史可以追溯到中世纪。
The history of the town_____________ the Middle Ages.
答案:dates back to / dates from / goes back to
考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子,空处为句子谓语,涉及短语“追溯到”date back to/ date from/go back to,主语不可数,且陈述客观事实,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates back to / dates from / goes back to。
25、伦敦是一座古老的港口城市,它的历史一直追溯到罗马时期。
London Is an ancient port city that has a history ________ Roman times.
答案:dating all the way back to
考查非谓语动词和名词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,设空处缺少“一直追溯到”,“追溯到”表达为动词短语date back to,修饰history,是非谓语动词,与逻辑主语history之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词;“一直”表达为名词短语all the way,在此处为副词用法,作状语。故填dating all the way back to。
26、众所周知, 无论电脑如何普及, 有些工作得由人工完成。这就是电脑不能完全取代人的原因。
________, ________ popular computers are, some work must be done by hand. ________ computers can’t completely replace human beings.
答案: As is known to all/As we (all) know/As everyone knows no matter how /however This is why /This is the reason why
考查定语从句,时态,状语从句和表语从句。根据中英文提示,空一缺少“众所周知”,分析句子可知,可以用as引导非限制性定语从句,根据句意,句子用一般现在时,as is known to all,as we (all )know,as everyone know都可以用来表示“众所周知”,空二缺少“无论如何”引导让步状语从句,用no matter how或者however,空三缺少“这就是……的原因”,this“这”,指代前文的句子,is“是”,接why“……的原因”引导表语从句,或用the reason“原因”作表语,用why引导定语从句。故填①As is known to all/As we (all) know/As everyone knows②no matter how/however③This is why/This is the reason why.
27、Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas ________ they could grow rice.
因此,建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻种植的面积。
答案:in which/where
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“areas”,在从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词“where”引导从句,或用“介词in+关系代词which”引导从句,即“they could grow rice in the areas”。故填in which/where。
28、这条谚语是基于一条追溯到17世纪的古老的英国法律。
This proverb is based on an old English law which_______ _______ _______ the 17 century.
答案: dates back to
考查动词短语和时态。对比中英文句意可知,空处表示“追溯到”,可用动词短语date back to表示,是定语从句中谓语动词;由主句时态可知,定语从句中需用一般现在时态,关系代which作主语,指代先行词an old English law,单数名词,所以定语从句谓语动词也需用单数。故填①dates ②back ③to。
29、如果你们能考虑我的方案,我将不胜感激。
I_________ _________ _________if you could take my project into consideration.
答案: would appreciate it
考查固定句型。sb would appreciate it if...如果......某人将不胜感激,句中it为形式宾语。故填would appreciate it。
30、昨晚,那位科学家在演讲中三次提到全球气候变暖。
The scientist ________ ________ global warming three times in his speech last night.
答案: referred to
考查短语和时态。短语refer to表示“提到”,符合汉语句意,根据last night可知,时态为一般过去时。故填①referred②to。
语法填空
31、People can have more chances to find jobs________(relate) to tourism. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:related##relating
考查非谓语动词/形容词。句意:人们可以有更多机会找到与旅游业相关的工作。分析句子结构,此处作定语,动词relate与前面名词jobs构成主动关系,用现在分词relating; be related to是固定搭配,意为“与……有关”,related是形容词,可以在句中作定语,修饰jobs。故填related或relating。
32、Some cases will be introduced to readers ________the technique is used. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:一些使用该技术的案例将被介绍给读者。分析句子结构,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词cases,先行词表示抽象地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用where引导从句。故填where。
33、“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it ______(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed.” (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:means
考查动词时态。句意:“这真的让科学家们感到兴奋,”布朗大学的科学家卡尔·彼得斯说,“因为这意味着我们有机会获得关于月球是如何构造的信息。” 分析句子可知,mean(意味着)是句中谓语动词,与主语it之间是主动关系,根据上下文语境可知,应使用一般现在时态,又因主语it是单数概念,所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态,单数形式。故填means。
34、The expert suggested that the problem which was referred ________ at the meeting should be paid close attention to. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查动词短语。句意:这个专家建议会议上提出的这个问题应该得到密切关注。refer to提到;谈及。故填refer to。
35、All the neighbours admire this family _________ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:邻居们都很欣赏这家人,他们的父母把孩子当朋友看待。定语从句修饰先行词family,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。
36、Raising the retirement age is a subject ____________which all the Chinese have argued for a long time. (用适当的词填空)
答案:about
考查介词。句意:提高退休年龄是所有中国人长期争论的话题。分析句子结构,本句为含有“介词+which”引导定语从句的复合句,定语从句修饰先行词subject,argue about sth.表示“就某事争论”,所以介词应用about。故填about。
37、September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.
答案:by
考查定语从句。句意:9月30日是你必须付账单的最后期限。分析可知,设空处和which引导定语从句,修饰先行词,the day,此处by意为“不迟于……,在……之前”,所以填by。
38、The dictionary is__________ of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published. (用适当的词填空)
答案:out
考查固定短语。句意:这本词典已经过时:自出版以来,语言已经添加了许多单词。短语out of date,意为“过时”,根据句意和语境,故填out。
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