人教版高考英语基础知识点归纳总结.docx

人教版高考英语基础知识点归纳总结1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、What do you think of the film tonight?_. I cant think too highly of it.AJust so soBIts hard to sayCIts really interestingDSounds great答案：C解析：考查情景交际。句意：你觉得今晚的电影怎么样？它真的很有趣。我给它的评价再高也不为过。A. Just so so一般般；B. Its hard to say这很难说；C. Its really interesting真的很有趣；D. Sounds great听起来不错。根据“I cant think too highly of it.”可知，电影很有趣。故选C。2、What happened to her new car?No sooner _ it than someone ran into her.Ahad she boughtBdid she boughtCshe boughtDshe had bought答案：A解析：考查固定句型和部分倒装。句意：她的新车怎么了？她刚买就被撞上了。结合句意可知，此处为固定句型no sooner.than.“一就，刚就”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；当no sooner位于句首时，主语要部分倒装，将助动词had置于主语之前。故选A。3、Is Su Ning fit for the task?Hang on. Ill tell you_ what I think of it.AproperlyBcorrectlyCexactlyDhighly答案：C解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：苏宁能胜任这个任务吗? 坚持下去。我会告诉你我对它的确切看法。A. properly合适地；B. correctly正确地；C. exactly确切地；D. highly非常，高度地。由句意可知，应该是把想法确切地告诉对方。故选C。4、_in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.ATo walkBWalkedCWalkingDHaving walked答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：走在街上，我偶遇了我的一个老朋友。分析句子可知，句子有谓语动词came across，故walk用非谓语动词形式作状语，walk与逻辑主语I是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，且与谓语动词的动作同时发生，故用现在分词的一般式。故选C。小提示：5、 _?Will you please get me some medicine so that I can have a good sleep?AHow are you feelingBSo whatCIs there anything wrongDCan I help you答案：D解析：考查情景交际。句意：我能帮你吗？请你给我拿些药，好让我睡个好觉吗？A.How are you feeling你觉得怎么样；B.So what那又怎么样；C.Is there anything wrong有什么不对劲吗；D.Can I help you我能帮你吗。根据“Will you please get me some medicine so that I can have a good sleep”可知，此处是问能帮到什么。故选D。6、All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, _ that I had a talent for football.AsayBsaidCto sayDsaying答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词cheered ，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词say与逻辑主语players之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故选D。7、We can_ that Howard Carter discovered the tomb of King Tutankhamun at the age of 48AcatchBappealCinferDdiffer答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以推断，霍华德卡特在48岁时发现了图坦卡蒙国王的陵墓。A. catch抓住，理解，赶上；B. appeal吸引，上诉；C. infer推断；D. differ不同。根据句意可知，此处是指结合一些事实推断霍华德卡特48岁时发现图坦卡蒙国王的陵墓。故选C。小提示：8、With prices _ up so fast, the poor family cant afford even necessities.AwentBgoesCgoingDto go答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：物价上涨得这么快，这个贫穷的家庭连生活必需品都买不起。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，prices和going up为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故选C。9、While girls in general lack _, boys often overestimate their abilities.AconfidenceBchallengeCimpressionDintelligence答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩通常缺乏自信，而男孩往往高估自己的能力。A. confidence自信；B. challenge挑战；C. impression印象；D. intelligence智力。根据“While”和“boys often overestimate their abilities.”可知，男孩和女孩进行对比，女孩缺乏自信。故选A。10、Since this school provides various optional courses, students will have a(n) _ choice according to their interest.AflexibleBdependentCavailableDreliable答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于这所学校提供多种选修课，学生可以根据自己的兴趣自由选择。A. flexible灵活的；B. dependent依赖的，依靠的；C. available可获得的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文“Since this school provides various optional courses”可知课程的选择很灵活，应用flexible。故选A。11、It was April 29, 2001 _ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.AthatBwhenCsinceDbefore答案：B解析：考查状语从句。句意：2001年4月29日，威廉王子和凯特米德尔顿走进了婚礼大厅。此处去掉it was和空处，句子成分不完整，不是强调句句型，故排除A选项；引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”应用when。故选B。12、Some people blame the smart phone _ the tragedy, yet in fact, peoples weakening self-control _.Afor, should blameBfor, is to blameCon, should be blamedDon, is to blamed答案：B解析：考查固定动词短语搭配。句意：有些人把悲剧归咎于智能手机，但事实上，人们自我控制能力的削弱是罪魁祸首。根据句型结构和句意分析可知，此题考查blame的固定短语搭配。 blame. for表“因而责备”；be to blame表“应承担责任；该受责备（或指责）的”，均为固定搭配。故选B项。13、I had expected_ a lot of people_ to buy new books at the book fair, but only a few showed interest in books of today which are usually full of emptiness.Athere to be; waitingBto have; waitedCthere being; to be waitingDwere there; waiting答案：A解析：考查there be句型和非谓语动词。句意：我原以为书展上会有很多人等着买新书，但只有少数人对今天的书表现出兴趣，这些书通常都是空洞的。分析句子可知，空格一处涉及there be句型，“expect”后接不定式作宾语，故应用“there be”的不定式形式，即“there to be”，故空格一填“there to be”；句中有谓语动词“had expected”，故空格二应用非谓语动词，“people”和“wait”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“wait”的现在分词“waiting”作后置定语，故空格二填“waiting”。故选A项。14、For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond their _.AinspirationBrestorationCfascinationDcomprehension答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些拒绝彻底复习课本的人来说，这样的考试将远远超出他们的理解。A. inspiration灵感；B. restoration恢复；C. fascination魅力；D. comprehension理解。根据“For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review,”可知，考试超过了不彻底复习课本的人的理解。故选D。15、John was _ to get back to work as soon as possible after he came back from abroad.AanxiousBeagerCworriedDbrave答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰从国外回来后，渴望尽快回去工作。A. anxious焦虑的；B. eager盼望的，急切的；C. worried担心的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“to get back to work as soon as possible after he came back from abroad”可知，约翰从国外回来后，渴望尽快回去工作，应用be eager to。故选B。16、The great changes in China over the past few years left a deep impression _ the foreign visitors.AforBwithCofDon答案：D解析：考查介词。句意：中国在过去几年里的巨大变化给外国游客留下了深刻的印象。A. for为了；B. with用；C. of的；D. on在之上。固定短语leave an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”，因此应用介词on。故选D项。17、The earth _ around the sun.AmovedBwill moveCmovesDis moving答案：C解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：地球绕着太阳转。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The earth单数，谓语单数形式。故选C项。18、The heavy rain has lasted for several days and the river has_ by 30 centimeters.ArisenBraisedCarisenDlifted答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴雨已经持续了好几天，河水已经上涨了30厘米。A.risen上涨；B.raised举起；C.arisen出现；D.lifted抬起。由“by 30 centimeters”可知，河水是上涨了30厘米，空格处是“上涨”，故选A。19、By about 6000 BC, people _ the best crops to grow and animals to raise.Ahad discoveredBdiscoveredChave discoveredDdiscover答案：A解析：考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最好的农作物和饲养的动物。根据时间状语by about 6000 BC可知，句子应用过去完成时。故选A。小提示：20、Ade acknowledged _ in the examination.Ato cheatBcheatedCto be cheatedDcheating答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：艾德承认考试作弊。acknowledge doing sth是习惯用法，动名词作宾语。故选D项。21、Bungee Jumping is very popular among young adults, _ courage matters more than strength.AwhoseBthatCwhereDof which答案：C解析：考查定语从句。句意：蹦极在年轻人中很受欢迎，在那里勇气比力量更重要。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Bungee Jumping，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故选C。22、The _ of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.AdecorationBconstructionCcompetitionDcombination答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰；B.construction建造；C.competition竞争；D.combination结合。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的“of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours”可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。故选D。23、He listened carefully as if he could _ his mothers footsteps from the crowd.AdetermineBreactCexploreDdistinguish答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他仔细听着，好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声。A.determine决定；B.react作出反应；C.explore探索；D.distinguish分辨。由“his mothers footsteps from the crowd”可知，句子表示“他好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声”，空格处意为“分辨”。故选D。24、Out _ when it heard its masters voice.Arushed the dogBthe dog rushedCdid the dog rushDwas rushing the dog答案：A解析：考查倒装。句意：狗一听到主人的声音就冲了出去。out在此处是方位副词，方位副词放句首要用完全倒装，把谓语动词rushed提到主语the dog前面。故选A。25、It is likely to come across some unique animals which are unfamiliar _ the scientists when they explore the Amazon Jungle.AtoBwithCforDof答案：A解析：考查固定短语和介词。句意：当科学家们探索亚马逊丛林时，很可能会遇到一些他们不熟悉的独特动物。which指代的是先行词animals，sth./sb. be unfamiliar to sb.意为“某物/某人对某人来说是不熟悉的”，因此空格处是介词to，故选A。根据首字母填写单词(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)26、More details are e _ from the leaked documents. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：exposed#xposed解析：考查语态。句意：泄露的文件透露了更多细节。根据句意和首字母可知，空处是“曝光”expose，“细节”和“曝光”是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词后填过去分词。故填exposed。27、Football never fails to a_ to boys who have extra energy to burn. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：appeal#ppeal解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：足球总是能吸引那些精力充沛的男孩。根据单词首字母以及句意“吸引”可知应填动词appeal，且上文为短语fail to do sth.。故填appeal。28、Youd better take this o_ to train your mind and develop your character. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：opportunity#pportunity解析：考查名词。句意：你最好利用这个机会来锻炼你的头脑和性格。空格处作take的宾语，用名词，根据首字母及语境提示可知填opportunity。29、The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills d_ with sheep and cattle. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：dotted#otted解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“绿宝石（爱尔兰）岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。be dotted with点缀着； 遍布的，在句中作宾语补足语，所以用过去分词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填dotted。30、Photographs of the crime s_ began to arrive within twenty minutes. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：scene#cene解析：考查名词。句意：犯罪现场的照片在20分钟内开始送到。由“Photographs of the crime”及首字母提示s可知，句子表示“犯罪现场的照片在20分钟内开始送到”，空格处意为“现场”，是scene，根据句意可知，特指犯罪现场，因此空格处用单数，故填scene。31、I cant find anything on this m_ desk.答案：messy#essy解析：考查形容词。句意：在这张乱糟糟的桌子上我什么也找不到。根据句意及首字母提示，可知为messy；设空处后为名词，设空处应为形容词修饰名词。根据“cant find anything（什么也找不到）”可知这张桌子是凌乱的，故填messy。32、After a two-day discussion, the two parties agreed to r_ this conflict in a peaceful way. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：resolve#esolve解析：考查动词。句意：在两天的讨论之后，两个政党同意以一种和平的方式去解决这次冲突。固定搭配agree to do sth.(同意去做某事)，即动词agree后接动词不定式作宾语。根据首字母和句意可知，要用动词原形resolve(解决)。故填resolve。33、Our facial expressions can c_ our emotions, such as anger, joy or disappointment. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：convey#onvey解析：考查动词。句意：我们的面部表情可以传达我们的情绪，如生气，高兴或失望。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填入动词convey作谓语，意为“传达”，情态动词can后用动词原形。故填convey。34、Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3200-year-old fossil bones b_ to a single individual of an extinct cattle species called an aurochs. (欧洲野牛) （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：belonging#elonging解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：盖格尔和她的同事观察了3200年前的化石骨骼，它属于一种已灭绝的牛种欧洲野牛。分析句意和首字母，设空处应用动词belong，短语：belong to意为“属于”，没有被动语态；句子的谓语为looked，故设空处为非谓语动词，belong与逻辑主语fossil bones之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，作fossil bones的后置定语。故填belonging。35、When the other passengers were s_ to death, the child was completely calm and unafraid. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：scared#cared解析：考查形容词。句意：当其他乘客都吓得要死的时候，这个孩子却完全镇定，一点也不害怕。根据句意“害怕的”和首字母“s”可知，此处应填形容词scared，作表语，修饰主语the other passengers的状态。故填scared。36、From my perspective, top p_ should be given to education as it is so important. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：priority#riority解析：考查名词。句意：在我看来，教育是头等大事，因为它非常重要。根据单词首字母以及句意以及上文的形容词top，可知应填名词priority作主语，意为“最重要的事”。故填priority。37、By reading our textbooks, we have learned the grammar and e_ our vocabulary（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：enlarged#nlarged解析：考查时态。句意：通过阅读课本，我们学会了语法，扩大了词汇量。根据句意和首字母可知，空处所填词为enlarge的某种形式。根据“have learned”可知，and 连接词的是两个并列的动词。为现在完成时。故填enlarged。38、Among every generation there are those who are willing to bear the heavy b_ of responsibility and devote themselves to working for the good of their country and people. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：burden#urden解析：考查名词。句意：每一代都有愿意担起重任，为祖国和人民谋利益的人。根据句意“负担”和首字母提示“b”可知，此处应填名词burden作宾语。故填burden。39、D_ its long history and many treasures, the museum needed the help of a writer to become truly famous. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：Despite#espite解析：考查介词。句意：尽管博物馆历史悠久，珍宝众多，但它需要一位作家的帮助才能真正成名。根据句意和首字母提示可知，介词despite“尽管”符合题意。故填Despite。40、The couple celebrate their wedding anniversary a_.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：annually#nnually解析：考查副词。句意：这对夫妇每年都庆祝他们的结婚纪念日。根据文意可知，庆祝结婚纪念日应是每年都举行的，根据首字母可知，应填annual，再分析可知，此空应填副词结构形式修饰动词 celebrate。故填annually。41、Last year, the anti-poverty project launched by our country b_ the poor in this area. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：benefited#enefited解析：考查谓语动词的时态。句意：去年，我国开展的反贫困工程使这一地区的贫困人口受益。根据首字母提示及句意，可知为benefit，设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语last year，可知句子的时态为一般过去时。故填benefited。42、Burin told me that Mongolians travel every year from near and far to a_ the festival, just as their ancestors had done for centuries. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：attend#ttend解析：考查不定式。句意：Burin告诉我，蒙古人每年都从四面八方赶来参加这个节日，就像他们的祖先几个世纪以来所做的那样。由“travel every year from near and far”可知，蒙古人每年都从四面八方赶来参加这个节日，空格处意为“参加”，由首字母提示a可知，是attend，空格处用不定式表目的，空格前有to，因此空格处用动词原形，故填attend。43、Many people thought she didnt live up to Helens title of “the most beautiful woman in the world”, influencing opinions of the movie to some e_.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：extent#xtent解析：考查名词。句意：很多人认为她辜负了海伦“世上最美女性”的称号，因此在某种程度上影响了大家对这部电影的看法。to some extent在某种程度上。结合首字母提示及句意，故填extent。44、Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have f_ schedules to make it easier to care for their children. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：flexible#lexible解析：考查形容词。句意：在外工作的母亲应该有灵活的时间安排，以便更容易照顾孩子。根据单词首字母以及句意“灵活”可知应填形容词flexible，作定语修饰名词schedules。故填flexible。45、Many parents are standing at the e_ of the Yanan Number 1 Middle School gate in order to see their children. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：entrance#ntrance解析：考查名词。句意：许多家长站在延安一中的门口，为了看到他们的孩子。分析句子可知，“at”为介词，后接名词，根据单词首字母以及句意可知，空白处要用“门口”含义。entrance意为“入口（处）”，为名词词性，句中特指延安一中的门口，故应用“entrance”的单数形式。故填entrance。书信写作(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)46、假设你是李华，写一封信给编辑关于你想要改变生活方式中已经形成的不好习惯。请从以下四个方面说明：(1)、你想要改变的生活习惯(2)、你为什么想要改变？(3)、你打算怎么改变？(4)、你希望看见什么结果？注意：(1) 写作词数应为80左右；(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Editor, _ Yours sincerelyLi Hua答案：Dear Editor,I m Li Hua. I m writing to you to share a bad habit of my life, and explain why and how I plan to change the bad habit. In my daily life, I like eating junk food such as hamburger, potato chips, and cold drinks. Obviously they are harmful to our health. These food can cause malnutrition and contain a lot of calories. To get rid of the bad habit, I plan to eat at home instead of restaurants, drink warm water, and eat more vegetables. Besides I will try taking exercise twice a week.I hope that I will develop a good habit and live a healthy life. Yours sincerely,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份写一封信给编辑关于你想要改变生活方式中已经形成的不好习惯。词汇积累计划、打算：planintend导致：causeresult in此外：BesidesWhats more尝试：tryattempt 句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：In my daily life, I like eating junk food such as hamburger, potato chips, and cold drinks. Obviously they are harmful to our health.拓展句：In my daily life, I like eating junk food such as hamburger, potato chips, and cold drinks, which are obviously harmful to our health.小提示：高分句型1 I m writing to you to share a bad habit of my life, and explain why and how I plan to change the bad habit.（运用why和how引导的宾语从句）高分句型2 I hope that I will develop a good habit and live a healthy life.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）47、假如你是李华，你所在的班级在上周末以“Our Delicate World”为主题组织了一次社会实践活动。请写一篇记叙文记录活动的整个过程，要点如下：（1）参观当地自然保护公园，聆听关于生态系统（ecosystem）问题的讲座；（2）在工作人员的带领下进行分组实践，如观察和学习一些动植物样本、检测水质、清理园区内的垃圾等；（3）合作完成活动海报，向公众宣传维护生态系统平衡的重要性；（4）本次活动的心得。注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。答案：Our Delicate WorldLast week, our class organized a social practice on the theme of “Our Delicate World”. The practice was meaningful