外研版英语必修二module2重点知识与练习.doc

.单词荟萃1addict n. 入迷的人；瘾君子 _ adj.使人上瘾的， 使人入迷的 _ adj. 上瘾的， 入迷的 addiction n. 瘾， 入迷， 嗜好2danger n危险 _ adj.危险的 _ vt. 危及；使遭到危险 3. _ adj. 有力的；有功效的 _ adj. 没有力量的power n. 力量；权利4. _n. 联系；关系；关联connect v. 联系 _ adj.有关联的5. _ vt. 减少reduction n. 减少6. _ adj. 违法的；不合法的legal adj. 合法的7. _ v不同意；意见不合 _ n不一致；争论agree vt.同意 _ n. 协议；(意见等)一致8. _ n治疗treat v治疗9. _ v. 影响 _ n. 影响， 作用10participant n参与者；参加者 _v参加， 参与participation n参加， 参与11. _ v认出， 识别；认可recognition n. 认出， 识别， 承认.短语检测1与有关系 2破门而入 3与共享 4处于危险中 5对上瘾 6处于痛苦中 7听取某人的建议 8为了 9提高(价格等) 10由于的结果 11设定一个日期 12制订计划 13列出一个的单子 14培养新的兴趣 15参加班/课程的学习 be related to break into share with be in danger be addicted to be in pain take ones advice so as to/in order to put up as a result of set a date make plans make a list of develop new interests take aclass/course .佳句再现1Thirteen people die every hour from illness related to smoking tobacco, _ cancer, bronchitis and heart disease. 每小时有13个人死于与吸烟有关的疾病， 例如癌症、支气管炎和心脏病。2It was _ dangerous drug _ he nearly died. 这是一种如此危险的药品， 以至于让他差点丧命。3Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, _. 我现在在一个戒毒中心工作， 帮助人们戒毒。4In most states in the US, _ to smoke in public buildings. 在美国的很多个州， 在公共场所吸烟是违法的。5I couldnt _ .我完全同意。四、词汇学习1addictn. 入迷的人， 有瘾的人(1)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的；使人着迷的addicted adj. 入迷的， 有瘾的addiction n. 瘾， 入迷， 嗜好(2)be/get addicted to 热衷于；对上瘾【温馨提示】和addicted搭配的to为介词， 后面若加动词要用动名词形式。【活学活用】(1)Smokers are likely _ nicotine. 吸烟的人容易对尼古丁上瘾。(2)I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I _. 我几年前开始练滑雪， 发现这项运动挺让人着迷。2likelyadj. (probable)很可能的 adv. 或许， 很可能(1)unlikely adj.不太可能的(2)be likely/unlikely to do sth.很可能/不太可能做某事 It is likely/unlikely that 很可能/不太可能【易混辨析】 likely, possible和probable(1)意义上：likely 和probable表示的可能性都较大,possible表示的可能性则较小。(2)搭配上：sb./sth. be likely to do It is likely/possible/probable thatIt is possible (for sb.) to do sth.【易错警示】likely的主语既可以是物， 也可以是人， 但不能说It is likely (for sb.) to do; probable和possible的主语则必须是形式主语it。如：He is likely to take the job.It is likely/probable/possible that he will take the job.It is possible for him to take the job.他(很)可能接受这份工作。【活学活用】(1)The war _ continue. 战争很可能会继续。(2)Is it _ to get tickets for the game?有没有可能弄到比赛的票？3affectvt. (to produce an effect or change)影响；(to touch or move)感动；(of disease) to attack; to infect(疾病)侵袭 be deeply affected by被所深深感动【易混辨析】affect, effect和influence三个词都含“影响”的意思。(1)affect v. 指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”， 着重“影响”的动作， 有时含有“对产生不利影响”的意思。(2)effect n. 效果， 影响， 作用， 常用于短语 have an effect on 中。(3)influence n&v. 影响， 指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响”。作名词时可以构成短语have an influence on。【温馨提示】 effect作名词时表示“影响， 作用”， 而作动词时意为“使发生，实现，引起”。 学生容易混淆。【活学活用】(1) Your opinion will not _ my decision. 你的意见不会影响我的决定。(2)What _ do you think the changes will have _ you？你认为这些变化会给你带来什么样的影响？(3) _ by a high school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine. 在一位高中生物老师的影响下， 他开始从事医学研究。4banvt. to officially forbid (sth.) 明令禁止n. 禁止， 禁令(1)ban sb. from (doing) sth. 命令禁止某人做某事a ban on sb./sth. 对的禁令(2)forbid sb. from doing sth./forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事prevent/stop/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事【易混辨析】 ban和forbid(1) ban指官方正式地禁止危险的、危害公众的事物， 含谴责或不赞成的态度。(2) forbid是普通用语， 表示清楚地、态度强硬地直接禁止某人做某事，用于较小事物， 或由个人、上级、官方、长辈发出的正式规定或规则， 或客观条件不允许。【活学活用】1. 根据汉语意思完成句子(1)Charlies been _ for a year. 查理被禁止驾车一年。(2) We have put a _ smoking. 我们已颁布了禁烟令。 2. 单项填空 The rain _ us to go out yesterday. Abanned Bforbade Cprevented Dmade【解析】 B考查动词辨析。句意：下雨阻止了我们出去。此处指客观条件不允许，因此用B。prevent 要用于搭配prevent sb. from doing。5recognizevt. 认出，识别；认可， 承认；公认；赏识(1)recognition n. 认出， 识别；承认；公认 recognizable adj.可辨认的， 可识别的；可承认的(2)recognizeas 公认为；承认是 It is recognized that人们承认【易混辨析】recognize和knowrecognize意为“认出， 辨别出”强调从外表上辨认出， 指一时性的动作；know是状态性动词， 表示知道某个人并认识他,在一定程度上还对他有所了解， 指长久性的一种情况。【活学活用】(1)I _ him, but I could hardly _ him when I saw him last night. 我认识他， 但当我昨晚看到他时， 我几乎认不出他了。(2)He _ a talented writer. 他被公认为是一个有天分的作家。(3) _ the project was much harder than expected. 人们认识到这个工程比预料的要难得多。五、词汇学习1be related to 和有关系， 和有联系 in relation to 关于；涉及 be connected _ 和有联系 have sth./nothing to do with 和(没)有关系【温馨提示】 be related to中to为介词， 后面要加名词或动名词。【活学活用】The theme of the reading passage _the theme of the dialogue. 阅读文章的主题与对话的主题有关。2be in danger 在危险之中 be in danger of有的危险 be out of danger脱离危险【易混辨析】 danger和risk(1)danger是常用词， 指“目前的危险， 也可指今后的或不一定发生的危险”；(2)risk指“风险”， 含有“主动冒险”的意思。【活学活用】(1)Childrens lives _ every time they cross this road. 孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险。(2)He rescued the child at the _ of his own life. 他冒着生命危险把那个孩子救出来了。3. break into强行闯入break into tears/laughter/cheers突然大哭/大笑/欢呼起来 break away from 逃走；逃脱break down (机器等)出故障， 坏掉；(身体)垮掉， (精神)崩溃；失败；划分；使分解(为)break in 闯入， 强行进入；打断， 插嘴break out 突然发生break through 突破， 冲破；克服， 战胜break up 粉碎， 分裂；(婚姻等)结束【温馨提示】break into 和break in 都有“闯入”的意思， 但break into是及物动词， 后面要加宾语， 而break in是不及物动词， 后面不加宾语。如：Burglars broken in while they were away on holiday. 他们假日外出时， 有窃贼进入了屋内。【活学活用】根据语境选择break合适的短语填空 (1)The thieves _ the office and stole some money. (2) Please dont _on our conversation.(3) He _and cried when he heard the news.(4) Scientists think they are beginning to _ in the fight against cancer. (5) Their marriage has _. (6) Our car _ on the way home.(7) I was in a nightclub in Brixton and a fight _.4so as toin order to为了【温馨提示】 so as to 不能放于句首， 而in order to 或不定式to短语则可以放于句首。so as to 为了， 表目的。soas to 如此以至于， 表结果。【活学活用】(1)He ran _ catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。(2)He ran _ his balance and fell. 他跑得太快了， 结果失去平衡摔倒了。六、句型学习1It was such a dangerous drug that he nearly died. 这是一种如此危险的药品， 以至于让他差点丧命。 【温馨提示】 “such a/an adj. 单数可数名词 that”可以与“soadj. a/an单数可数名词that”互换， 要注意不定冠词的位置。【句式点拨】(1)so 或such与所修饰的部分放于句首时会引起部分倒装。例1：So attracted was he by the game that he forgot the time. 他被这种游戏深深吸引了， 竟忘记了时间。例2：Such a lively lesson did he give us on my first day at school that I still remember it today. 在我上学的第一天他给我们上的课非常生动，我至今还记得。(2)so后面也可以直接加动词的过去分词。例：The book is so written that it gives a quite wrong idea of the facts. 这本书写成了这个样子， 给出了完全错误的事实。(3)当前后主语相同时， 我们还经常用到soas to和suchas to来表示“如此以至于”。例：I was so stupid as to play football in the rain. 我竟愚蠢到在雨中踢球。【活学活用】(1)He made _ that everyone admired him. 他做了如此精彩的演讲， 所有的人都很佩服他。(2)There were _ a lot of people _ we didnt have enough seats for everyone. 人太多了， 没有足够的座位给每个人坐。(3)_ the force of the explosion that windows were broken.爆炸的威力相当大， 窗子都碎了。2I couldnt agree more. 我非常赞同。【句式点拨】此句中， “couldnt比较级”表示肯定意义， “再不过了；非常”。在比较级中， 经常用比较级和否定结构结合表示最高级含义或表示肯定强调。如：We couldnt have found a better place for a picnic. 我们不可能找到比这儿更适合野餐的地方了。(这是我们所找到的最适合野餐的地方。)I have never seen a more interesting film. 这是我看过的电影中最有趣的。【活学活用】1. 根据汉语意思完成句子 The weather couldnt be worse. 天气再糟糕不过了(非常糟糕)。2. 单项填空 How was the movie last night? Ive never seen _ before. It was so breathtaking! Athe best one Bthe better one Ca good one Da better one 【解析】D从回答者的第二句话可知，电影非常棒，因此，用比较级和否定结构可以表示最高级概念，因此选D。 .单词拼写1 . Smoke a_ health, so youd better give it up. 2You will be a_ to the drug if you keep on taking it.3The stepmother t_ the girl better than her own child. 4I think it would be good if they b_ smoking in restaurants and cafes as well. 5No, I d_. I dont think it would be the right thing to do.选词填空be related to， share with， take my advice， so as to， put up1The test questions are kept secret _ prevent cheating.2More and more people die from illnesses _ pollution. 3If you dont _, you will be sorry one day. 4The government _ the price of cigarettes to stop people buying them.5I have an office that I _ some other teachers.单项填空12010陕西卷 Studies show that people are more _ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before puter screens for long hours.A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure 【解析】 A考查形容词的用法区分。根据句子意思表示可能性，排除D；另外，sb. is likely to do sth.这一句式中，不能用possible和probable，它们可用于：It is possible/probable that。2Scientists have been worried for years about the _ of air pollution on the earths natural conditions.Aeffect Breason Caccount Dcause【解析】 A考查名词辨析。根据语境“担心空气污染对地球自然状况的影响”，选A。3Every weekend, Mrs Green asked her daughter to visit the museum to _ her interest in science. Agrow Bdevelop Cmake Dbuild【解析】 Bdevelop意为“培育；使形成”，符合句意。4It was _ that the tourists wanted to spend more time taking pictures outdoors. Aso fine weather Bsuch fine weather Cso fine a weather Dsuch a fine weather 【解析】 Bweather是不可数名词，因此要用such，而不能用so。5The puter system _ suddenly while he was searching information on the Internet. Abroke down Bbroke out Cbroke up Dbroke in 【解析】 A考查break短语辨析。 break down意为“(机器)损坏”；break out意为“逃脱；逃出；突然发生”；break up意为“分裂；结束；解散”；break in意为“闯入”。6. _ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. ASo successful her business was BSo successful was her business CSo her business was successful DSo was her successful business 【解析】 B考查sothat句型的倒装形式。在so/suchthat结构中，如果把so或such所修饰的形容词或副词提前，主句要倒装，因此答案为B。7Yao Ming was recognized _ one of the best basketball players in China. Aas Bfor Cwith Dlike 【解析】 Abe recognized as意为“被认为是”。句意：姚明被认为是中国最伟大的篮球运动员之一。8The couple finally bought the house they wanted, for they _ enough money. Ahad saved Bwere saving Cwould save Dwere to save 【解析】 A考查时态。句意：夫妇俩终于买了他们想要的房子，因为他们已经攒了足够的钱。“攒钱”是在“买房子”之前，所以用过去完成时。9The matter _ your fate(命运) can not be taken for granted. Ahas to do with Brelated to Creferred to Dconnecting with 【解析】 B考查relate短语。related to 作后置定语，相当于connected with。10It is not a good idea to go hiking on such a day. _ It looks like rain. AYes. BWhy not? CCertainly. DAbsolutely.【解析】 D考查交际用语。Absolutely可以表示同意，意为“当然，对极了”。 . 单词荟萃 n.经济 adj.经济上的，经济学的 adj.节约的，经济的sailor n.船员，水手 v.航行 n.帆 n.祝贺congratulate v.祝贺，庆祝 adv.在船(飞机、火车)上board n.模板；加班 v.登机，上船等；住校 n.成就；功业；伟绩achieve v.实现，完成；赢得，达到 adj.高兴地 delight n.高兴 v.使高兴 adj.令人愉快的 n.男演员 n.女演员act v.行动；表演 n.行为 n.新年；心跳 n.不信仰，怀疑，不信believe v.相信；认为； adj.可以相信的 adj.难以相信的cultural adj.文化的 n.文化 v.创作，生产produce n. （尤指）农产品 n.生产；产量product n. 产品，产物.短语检测1在太空6既然2拍照片7.信任；信仰，相信.的存在3起飞8快点，加油；得了吧4总计9把注意力放在5祝某人成功.佳句再现1The Beijing Space Control Centre said the flight was a plete success.2Yang is the 31st person to travel in space,including astronauts from 32 countries.3Amateur astronomer David Bates was looking at the moon through his telescope last night when he got a big surprise. 4Now that I have made the first visit, I hope I can e many more times.5-But theres some interesting evidence. There are probably aliens living here on earth. -Oh, e on. I cant believe you said that.单元语法congratulation n. 祝贺congratulate v. 祝贺congratulations on sth. 祝贺某事congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事【易混辨析】congratulate 和celebratecongratulate指对某人所取得的成就或喜庆之事表示“祝贺”，后接人做宾语，祝贺的原因则由介词on引出。celebrate指对某一节日、生日、胜利和成功等的“庆祝”，其宾语是物。如：He congratulated us on getting married. Christmas is celebrated on December twenty-fifth.表示具体的祝贺时，congratulation常用复数。而celebration意为“庆祝”或“庆祝会”，是普通的可数名词。【活学活用】 your winning the game.祝贺你们赢得了这场比赛About ten thousand people attended the of National Day in Tiananmen Square.大约一万人参加了天安门广场的国庆庆祝活动。aboard prep.&adv.在（船、飞机、车）上；上船等board v.登机，上船等；住校 n. 模板，甲板；董事会on board = board 在船上/在飞机上/在火车上 go on aboard 登上船/飞机/火车 All aboard！ （口语）请大家都上船（飞机、火车）！【易错警示】区别aboard 和abroad。 abroad为副词，意为“在国外，到国外”【活学活用】用alive，lively，living或live填空The passengers at 9 am.旅客们上午九点登上飞机The students during the week and go home on weekends. 学生们平日住在学校里，周末才回家The plane crashed killing all 200 people . 飞机失事，机上200人全部遇难delighted adj.(very pleased and happy)愉快的，高兴地delight n. U快乐；C令人快乐的事情 vt. 使愉快 delightful adj. 令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 to ones delight 让某人高兴的是 take delight in sth./doing sth. 以做某事为乐【活学活用】We had a evening.我们度过了一个愉快的夜晚He proving others wrong.他以证实别人错了为一大乐事 ,the day turned out fine.使我们感到高兴的是天转晴了 你怎么能眼睁睁看着他遭人诬陷而袖手旁观I was that you could stay.你能留下来我很高兴.part n.部分，零件，角色 v.分开，分手partly adv. 部分地play a part in 起作用；扮演角色 play the part of. 扮演.的角色 take part (in sth.) 参加，参与 【活学活用】Health education will peoples life. 健康教育将在人们的生活中起着重要作用She wanted to but she was too ill.她想参加，但是她的身体太虚弱了His attractiveness is due to his self-confidence. 他的吸引力部分来自他的自信.短语学习take off 起飞；脱下(to suddenly start being successful)开始成功，开始走红 take a day off 休一天假 take away 拿走，带走 take over 接管，接收；接替；占上风 【活学活用】用take 相关短语的适当形式填空The plane is due to