外研社八年级-比较级-最高级.doc

一．形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化方法
形容词比较级最高级的规则

情 况
加 法
例 词
一 般 情 况
直接加 -er ; -est
all-taller-tallest
以e结尾的词
加 –r ; -st
nice-nicer-nicest
以“辅音+y”结尾的词
变y为i再加-er ; -est
dry-drier-driest
heavy-heavier-heaviest
以一个辅音字母结尾的词
辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est
thin-thinner-thinnest
多音节和部分双音节单词
在词前加 more ; most
more delicious
most delicious
几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：
原 级
比较级
最高级
good , well
better
best
bad , ill
worse
worst
many , much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther / further
farthest / furthest

二．形容词和副词比较级的用法
级别
比较程度
表达方式和意义
例 句
备 注
原

级
同
等
程
度
肯
定
形
式
As+原级+as
(像……一样)
Art is as interesting as music.
Play as well as you can.

否
定
形
式
not + so (as) +原级+as
(不如……那样)
English is not so difficult as science.
She does not study so well as I do.

比较级
不同程度
（用于两者比较）
比较级+than
(比……)
Jim is older than Luky.
I like pork better than beef.
比较级前面可以加
much, far, even, still,
a lot, a little, a bit等
程度加深
比较级+and+比较级
（越来越……）
The + 比较级，the + 比较级
（越……, 越……）
He is growing taller and taller.
He studies better and better.
The more books she reads, the better she understand.

最高级
最高程度
（用于三者或三者以上）
The +最高级+of (in)
(最……)
Spring is the best season of the year.
Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.
副词最高级前面的
the 往往省略
注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。

副词比较级最高级的规则
和形容词一样，副词也有原级、比较级、最高级.
规则变化：
1. 单音节词， 加er，est
（1）副词和形容词同形，单音节，在词尾加er
fast – ， hard – ，loud—
（2）以字母“e”结尾的副词，加”r””st”
late ---
（3以辅音字母y结尾的副词，先变i,再加er est
early –
2.双音节和多音节词，前面加more most
accurately—， carefully –
gracefully – ， politely--

三．形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法
（1）和冠词连用
　　the ＋形容词原级＋v(复)，指一类人或物
　　the ＋　形容词比较级，指两者中“较…的”的那一个，eg. the younger of the two
a/ an ＋形容词比较级eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one.
( a) ＋most＋形容词最高级　“非常…”　eg. a most beautiful city

( 2 ) 相关结构
1) 原级比较：肯定句 as….as…., 否定句not so / as….as…..
2) 比较句： 比较级 ＋than….或more (less) ….than…..
The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代词that的用法)
3) 比较级＋ and＋比较级 或 more and more＋比较级 “越来越… ”
richer and richer, more and more interesting
4) The more….., the more…..“越…， 越…”
The more you look at the picture, the better you will like it.
5) 比较级＋than any other ＋n. （单） （适用于范围一致时）
(all) other ＋n.（复）
any ＋n.(单) （适用于范围不一致时）
He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class.
any student in my class.
6) 倍数表达法。
A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.
A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.
A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.
用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double.

Eg: The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one.
这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。

选择最佳答案填空：
　　1 Don't worry, sir. I'm sure I can run _________ to catch up with them.
　　 A. slowly enough  B. enough slowly  C. fast enough  D. enough fast
　　2. The text is very easy for you. There are ________ new words in it.
　　   A. a few  B. a little  C. few  D. little
　　3. It's such an ________ film that all the students are ______ in it.
　　   A. interesting; interested  B. interested; interesting 
C. interesting; interesting  D. interested; interested; interested
　　4. Mingming got up very _______,so he came to school half an hour ______.
　　   A. late; lately  B. lately; late  C. lately; lately  D. late; late
　　5. I am ________ worried about y parents' healthy conditions.
　　   A. some times  B. sometime  C. sometimes  D. some times
　　6. We don't have ________ every day.
　　   A. a lot of school works  B. many school work  C. any school works  D. much school work
　　7. -Look! How fast the two horses are running!
　　  --Oh, yes! They are nearly _______.
　　   A. up and down  B. slower and slower  C. more or less  D. neck and neck
　　8. ______ children there are in family,_______ their life will be.
　　   A. The less; the better  B. The fewer; the better  C. Fewer; richer  D. More; poorer
　　9. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ________.
　　   A. more and more rich  B. more rich and more rich 
C. richer and richer  D. richer and richest
　　10. Which lesson is _______, this one or that one?
　　   A. difficult  B. much difficult  C. more difficult  D. the most difficult
　　11. "A ______ accident happened at 7:30 a.m." said the policeman _______.
　　   A. serious, serious  B. seriously, seriously  C. seriously, serious  D. serious, seriously
　　12. ________ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge?
　　   A. How long  B. How often  C. How far  D. How much
　　13. In our city, it is ______ in July, but it is even _______ in August.
　　   A. hotter; hottest  B. hot; hot  C. hotter; hot  D. hot; hotter
　　14. This pencil is ______ that one.
　　   A. so long as  B. as longer as  C. longer than  D. not as longest as
　　15. The station is two kilometers _______ the hospital.
　　   A. away to  B. far away  C. far from  D. away from
　　16. Beijing has ______ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours.
　　   A. so  B. very  C. too  D. much
　　17. This box is ______ heavy ________ I can't carry it.
　　   A. too, to  B. so, that  C. very, that  D. too, that
　　18. India has the second _______ population in the world.
　　   A. larger  B. most  C. smallest  D. largest
　　19. Mary received ________ many postcards at Christmas.
　　   A. so  B. such  C. too  D. even
　　20. The cake smells ______. Please throw it away.
　　   A. good  B. badly  C. bad  D. well
　　21. --- What was the weather like yesterday?
　　   --- It was terrible. It rained so ________ that people could _______ go out.
　　   A. hardly…hard    B. hardly… hardly     C. hard… hardly   D. hard… hard
　　22. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven't got everything ready_____.
　　   A. ever       B. already      C. yet       D. still
　　23. --- What about the English novel?
　　   --- It's not very difficult. There are only ________ new words in it.
　　   A. few      B. a few     C. many     D. a little
　　24. How beautiful she sings! I've never heard ________.
　　   A. the better voice     B. a good voice    C. the best voice     D. a better voice
　　25.  Mr Smith always has  ________ to tell us.
　　 A. some good pieces of news              B. some  pieces of good news
　　 C.some good piece of news               D. some piece of good new
　　26. I'm afraid the headmaster is _________ busy to meet the visitors.
　　  A. too much    B. much too   C. so much    D. very much
　　27. - Dad , when will you be free?  You agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago.
　　   -- I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a ______ holiday soon.
　　  A. four-days      B. four-day    C. four days     D. four day
　　28. The scenery in Sanya looks ________, especially "Tian Ya Hai Jiao" is ________.
　　   A, well, best     B. fine, the most famous     C. nice, better   D. beautifully, the best
　　29. What a _______ day it is! Let's go out for a walk.
　　 A. windy    B. lovely      C. rainy     D.cloudy
　　30. Of the two Australian students , Masha is ________ one. I think you can find her easily.
　　   A, tallest     B, the taller     C. taller       D. the tallest
31. He has ________ friends than I.
　　A. much more   B. many more   C. very more   D. too more
　　32. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia?
　　   A. more developed   B. more developing   C. most developed   D. most developing
　　33． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.
　　A. little        B. few        C. fewer         D. less
　　34. If you are not free today, e another day __________.
　　   A. too     B. so     C. instead    D. yet
　　35．He can't tell us ________, I think.
　　   A. important anything            B. anything important 
　　C. important something          D. something important.
　　36. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country.
　　  A. long    B. longer   C. longest    D. the longest
　　37. The light in the office wasn't ________for him to read.
　　  A. enough bright     B. bright enough    C. brightly     D. enough brightly
　　38. There was an accident at the corner. ________, the girl wasn't _________hurt.
　　  A. luckily, badly   B. luck, hardly   C. Lucky, heavily  D. Lucky, strongly
　　39. You must keep your eyes _________ when you do eye exercises.
　　   A. close     B. open       C. closed      D., opened