化学专业课程中英文对照-化工装置常用词汇(全).doc

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普通化学 General Chemistry
分析化学 Analytical Chemistry
有机化学 Organic Chemistry
物理化学 Physical Chemistry 
谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy 
无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry 
普通化学和分析化学实验 Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry 
现在基础化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry
现在基础化学实验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry 
有机化学实验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry 
仪器分析和物理化学实验 Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and PhysicalChemistry 
合成化学实验 Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry
现代化学专题 Topic of Modern Chemistry 
化学综合实验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry
化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering 
化工原理实验 Experiments of Chemical Engineering 
应用化学实验 Experiments of Applied Chemistry 
无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry
近代分析化学 Modern Analytical Chemistry 
分离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry
有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds 
有机合成及反应机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics 
化学进展 Progress in Chemistry 
化学反应工程 Chemical Reaction Engineering 
应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry 
工业催化 Industrial Catalysis 
环境化学 Environmental Chemistry 
环境监测 Environmental Monitoring
化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry 
数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry 
化工制图 Chemical Engineering Cartography 
计算机与化学测量实验 Computer and Chemical Measurement 
化学信息学 Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics 
应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry
化工装置常用词汇
一、概论 introduction
方案(建议书) proposal
可行性研究 feasibility study
方案设计 concept design
工艺设计 process design
基础设计 basic design
详细设计 detail design
开工会议 kick-off meeting
审核会议 review meeting
外商投资 foreign investment
中外合资 joint venture
中外合营 joint venture
补偿贸易 compensation trade
合同 合同附件 contract
卖方 vendor
买方  buyer
顾客  client
承包商  contractor
工程公司  company
供应范围  scope of supply
生产范围  production scope
生产能力  production capacity
项目  project
界区  battery limit
装置  plant
公用工程  utilities
工艺流程图  process flow diagram
工艺流程方块图 process block diagram
管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing
物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram
蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram
设备布置图 equipment layout
设备表 equipment list
成品(产品) product(final product)
副产品 by-product
原料 raw-material
设计基础数据 basic data for design
技术数据 technical data
数据表 data sheet
设计文件 design document
设计规定 design regulation
现场服务 site service
项目变更  project change
用户变更 client change
消耗定额 consumption quota
技术转让 technical transfer
技术知识 technical know-how
牋牋牋牋technical knowledge
技术保证 technical guarantee
咨询服务 consultative services
技术服务 technical services
工作地点 location
施工现场 construction field
报价 quotation
标书 bidding book
公司利润 company profit
固定价合同 fixed price contract
固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract
成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract
定金 mobilization
银行保证书 bank guarantee letter
保留金 retention
所得税 income taxes
特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes
城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes
工作手册 work manual
工作流程图 work flow diagram
质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures
采购计划 procurement plan
施工计划 construction plan
施工进度 construction schedule
项目实施计划 project execution plan
项目协调程序 project coordination procedure
项目总进度计划 project master schedule
设计网络计划 engineering network logic
项目质量保证 project quality assurance
项目质量控制 project quality control
采购 procurement 
采购周期 procurement period
会签 the squad check
计算书 calculation sheets
询价 inquiry
检验 inspection
运输 transportation
开车 start up / commission
验收 inspection & acceptance
校核 check
审核 review
审定 approve
版次 version
部门 department
专业 specialty
项目号 project number
图号 drawing number
目录 contents
序言 foreword
章 chapter
节 section
项  item
MR material requisition
SPEC engineering specification
DATA SHEET（技术表） technical data sheet
TBA(技术评标） technical bid analysis
PDP preliminary design package
PM (项目经理) project manager
LDE(专业负责人 lead discipline engineer
MRQ(材料询价单) Material requisition for quotation
MRP(材料采购单) material requisition for purchase
BEP(基础工程设计包) basic engineering package
P&ID(管道及仪表流程图) piping and instrument drawing(diagram)
PFD process flow diagram
NNF  normally no flow
FO failure open
FC failure close
C/S/A  civil/structure/architecture
DDP（详细设计阶段） detail design phase
化工装置词汇

二. 工艺流程
连续过程continuous process
间歇过程batch process
工艺叙述process description
工艺特点process feature
操作operation
反应reaction
副反应side reaction
絮凝flocculation
浮洗flotation
倾析decantation
催化反应catalytical reaction
萃取extraction
中和neutralization
水解hydrolysis
过滤filtration
干燥drying
还原reduction
氧化oxidation
氢化hydrogenation
分解decomposition
离解dissociation
合成synthetics
吸收absorption
吸附adsorption
解吸desorption
结晶crystallization
溶解solution
调节modulate
控制control
悬浮suspension
循环circulation
再生regeneration
再活化reactivation
沥取leaching
破碎crushing
煅烧caloination
沉降sedimentation
沉淀precipitation
气化gasification
冷冻refrigeration
固化、结晶solidification
包装package
升华sublimation
燃烧combustion
引烧ignition
蒸馏distillation
碳化carbonization
压缩compression

三、化学物质及特性
固体solid
液体liquid
气体gas
化合物compound
混合物mixture
粉powder
片状粉未flake
小粒granule
结晶crystal
乳化物emulsion
氧化物oxidizing agent
还原剂reducing agent
有机物organic material
真空vacuum
母液master liquor
富液rich liquor
贫液lean liquor
萃出物extract
萃余物raffinate
絮凝剂flocculants
冷冻盐水brine
酸度acidity
浓度concentration
碱度alkalinity
溶解度solubility
凝固点solidificalion point
沸点boiling point
熔点melting point
蒸发率evaporation rate
粘度viscosity
吸水的water absorbent(a)
无水的anhydrous(a)
外观appearance
无色的colorless(a)
透明的transparent(a)
半透明的translucent
密度density
比重specific gravity
催化剂catalyst
燃烧combustion
引燃ignition
自然点self-ignition temperature
可燃气体combustible gas
可燃液体inflammable liquid
易燃液体volatile liquid
爆炸混合物explosive mixture
爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment)
爆炸极限explosive concentration limit
废水waste water
废液waste liquid
废气off-gas
噪声noise pollution
成分composition
挠度deflection
力和力矩force and moment
弯矩bending moment
应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram
百分比percentage
环境温度ambient temperature
工作温度operating
设计温度design temperature(pressure)
相对湿度RH=relative humidity
油渣、淤泥sludge
杂质impurity

四、化工设备
泵pump
轴流泵axial flow pump
真空泵vacuum pump
屏蔽泵canned pump
柱塞泵plunger pump
涡轮泵turbine pump
涡流泵vortex pump
离心泵centrifugal pump
喷射泵jet pump
转子泵rotary pump
管道泵inline pump
双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump
计量泵metering pump
深井泵deep well pump
齿轮泵gear pump
手摇泵hand(wobble) pump
螺杆泵screw (spiral) pump
潜水泵submersible pump
斜转子泵inclined rotor pump
封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump
气升泵air-lift-pump
轴承bearing
叶轮impeller
虹吸管siphon
高压容器high pressure vessel
焚化炉incinerator
火焰清除器flame arrester
工业炉furnace
烧嘴burner
锅炉boiler
回转窑rotary kiln
加热器heater
电加热器electric heater
冷却器cooler
冷凝器condenser
换热器heat exchanger
反应器reactor
蒸馏釜still
搅拌器agitator
混合器mixer
静态混合器static mixers
管道混合器line mixers
混合槽mixing tanks
破碎机crusher
磨碎机grinder
研磨机pulverizer
球磨机ballmill
过滤器filter
分离器separator
干燥器drier
翅片fins
烟囱stack
火炬flare
筛子screen
煅烧窑calciner
倾析器decanter
蒸发器evaporator
再沸器reboiler
萃取器extractor
离心机centrifuger
吸附（收）器adsorber
结晶器crystallizer
电解槽electrolyzer
电除尘器electric precipitator
洗涤器scrubber
消石灰器slaker
料仓bin
料斗hopper
加料器feeder
增稠器thickener
澄清器clarifier
分级器classifier
浮洗器flocculator
废液池sump
喷射器ejector
喷头sprayer
成套设备package unit
仪器设备apparatus
附属设备accessory
旋转式压缩机rotary compressor
往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor
水环式压缩机nash compressor
螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor
离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor
多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor
固定床反应器fixed bed reactor
流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor
管式反应器tubular reactor
列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger
螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger
萃取塔extraction column
板式塔plate column
填料塔packed column
洗涤塔scrubber
吸收塔absorber
冷却塔cooling tower
精馏塔fractionating tower
汽提塔stripper
再生塔regenerator
造粒塔prill tower
塔附件tower accessories
液体分配（布）器liquid distributor
填料支持板support plate
定距管spacer
降液管downcomer
升气管chimney
顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom) tray
挡板baffle
抽出口draw nozzle
溢流堰weir
泡罩bubble cap
筛板sieve plate
浮阀float valve
除沫器demister pad
塔裙座skirt
椭圆封头elliptical head
高位槽head tank
中间槽intermediate tank
加料槽feed tank
补给槽make-up tank
计量槽measuring tank
电解槽cell
溜槽chute
收集槽collecting tank
液滴分离器knockout drum
稀释罐thinning tank
缓冲罐surge drum
回流罐reflux drum
闪蒸罐flash drum
浮顶罐floating roof tank
内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank
球罐spheroid
气柜gas holder
湿式气柜wet gas-holder
干式气柜dry gas-holder
螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder
星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve
抽滤器mutche filter
压滤器filter press
压滤机pressure filter
板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press
转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter
带式过滤器belt filter
翻盘式过滤器
袋滤器bag filter
旋风分离器cyclone separator
盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier
真空干燥器vacuum drier
隧道式干燥器tunnel drier
回转干燥器rotary drier
穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier
喷雾干燥器spray drier
气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier
圆盘式加料器dish feeder
螺旋式加料器screw feeder
颚式破碎机jaw crusher
回转破碎机gyratory crusher
滚洞破碎机roll crusher
锤式破碎机hammer crusher
冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker
气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer
棍磨机rod mill
雷蒙机raymond mill
锤磨机hammer mill
辊磨机roller mill
振动筛vibrating screen
回转筛rotary screen
风机fan
罗茨鼓风机root's blower
起重机crane
桥式起重机bridge crane
电动葫芦motor hoist
发电机generator
电动机motor
汽轮机steam turbine

五、管道工程piping engineering
阀门valve
阀杆stem
内螺纹阀杆inside screw
阀座valve seat (body seat)
阀座环、密封圈sealing ring
阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等)trim
阀盘disc
阀体body
阀盖bonnet
手轮hand wheel
手柄hand level (handle)
压盖gland
闸阀gate valve
平行双闸板double disc parallel seat
楔形单闸板split wedge
截止阀globe valve
节流阀throttle valve
针阀needle valve
角阀(角式截止阀)angle valve
Y型阀(截止阀)Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)
球阀ball valve
三通球阀3-way ball valve
蝶阀butterfly valve
对夹式(薄片型)wafer type
偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve
斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve
连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve
止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve
柱塞阀piston type valve
旋塞阀plug valve
三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve
四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve
旋塞cock
衬套旋塞sleeve cock
隔膜阀diaphragm valve
橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve
直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve
夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve
止回阀check valve
升降式止回阀lift check valve
旋启式止回阀swing check valve
落球式止回阀ball check valve
弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve
底阀foot valve
切断式止回阀stop check valve
活塞式止回阀piston check valve
翻板止回阀flap check valve
蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve
安全泄气阀safety[SV]
安全泄放阀relief valve[RV]
安全泄压阀safety relief valve
杠杆重锤式lever and weight type
罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve
波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve
电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve
电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve
气动阀pneumatic operated valve
低温用阀cryogenic service valve
蒸汽疏水阀steam trap
机械式疏水阀mechanical trap
浮桶式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap
浮球式疏水阀float trap
倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap
自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap
恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap
压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap
热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap
脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap
放汽阀(自动放汽阀)(automatic) air vent valve
换向阀diverting (reversing) valve
呼吸阀breather valve
减压阀pressure reducing valve
控制阀control valve
执行机构actuator
差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve
切断阀block (shut-off, stop) valve
调节阀regulating valve
快开阀quick opening valve
快闭阀quick closing valve
隔断阀isolating valve
三通阀three way valve
夹套阀jacketed valve
非旋转式阀non-rotary valve
2管子,管件,法兰
管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)
tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)
钢管steel pipe
铸铁管cast iron pipe
衬里管lined pipe
复合管clad pipe
碳钢管carbon steel[C.S.]pipe
合金钢管alloy steel pipe
不锈钢管stainless steel[S.S.]pipe
奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe
铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe
轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe
锻铁管wrought-iron pipe
无缝钢管seamless[SMLS] steel pipe
焊接钢管welded steel pipe
电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe
电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe
螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe
镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe
排污阀blowdown valve
集液排放阀drip valve
排液阀drain valve
放空阀vent valve
卸载阀unloading valve
排出阀discharge valve
吸入阀suction valve
取样阀sampling valve
手动阀hand operated(manually-operated) valve

(水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet
抽出液阀(小阀)bleed valve
旁路阀by-pass valve
软管阀hose valve
混合阀mixing valve
破真空阀vacuum breaker
冲洗阀flush valve
根部阀root (primary, header) valve

水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe
塑料管plastic pipe
玻璃管glass tube
橡胶管rubber tube
壁厚wall thickness[WT]
壁厚系列号schedule number[SCH.NO.]
加厚的,加强的extra heavy (strong)
双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy (strong)
弯头elbow
异径弯头reducing elbow
长半径弯头long radius elbow
短半径弯头short radius elbow
长半径180°弯头long radius return
短半径180°弯头short radius return
三通tee
异径三通reducing tee
等径三通straight tee
带支座三通base tee
45°斜三通45°lateral
Y型三通true"Y"
四通cross
异径管reducer
同心异径管concentric reducer
偏心异径管eccentric reducer
管接头coupling;full coupling
活接头union
短管nipple
预制弯管fabricated pipe bend
U型弯管"U"bend
法兰端flanged end
万向接头universal joint
对焊的butt welded[BW]
螺纹的threaded[THD]
承插焊的socket welded[SW]
法兰flange[FLG]
整体管法兰integral pipe flange
钢管法兰steel pipe flange
螺纹法兰threaded flange
滑套法兰slip-on flange
平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange
承插焊法兰socket welding flange
松套法兰lap joint flange[LJF]
对焊法兰weld neck flange[WNF]
法兰盖blind flange;blind
异径法兰reducing flange
压力级pressure rating(class)
突面raised face[RF]
凸面male face
凹面female face
全平面;满平面flat face;full face[FF]

3.管道特殊件piping speciality
粗滤器strainer
过滤器filter
临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type)
Y型过滤器Y-type strainer
T型过滤器T-type strainer
永久过滤器permanent filter
洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower
视镜sight glass
阻火器flame arrester
喷咀;喷头spray nozzle
喷射器ejector
取样冷却器sample cooler
消音器silencer
膨胀节expansion joint
波纹膨胀节bellow
补偿器compensator
软管接头hose connection[HC]
快速接头quick coupling
金属软管metal hose
橡胶管rubber hose
挠性管flexible tube
特殊法兰special flange
漏斗funnel
8字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind
爆破板rupture disk

4,其它材料
碳素钢carbon steel [C.S.]
不锈钢stainless steel[S.S.]
铸铁cast iron[C.I.]
铝aluminum
铜,紫铜copper
钛titanium
抗拉强度tensile strength
非金属材料non-metallic material
塑料plastic
陶瓷ceramic
搪瓷porcelain enamel
玻璃glass
橡胶rubber
垫片gasket[GSKT]
平垫片flat gasket
填料packing
型钢shaped steel
角钢angle steel
槽钢channel
工字钢I-beam
宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beam
扁钢flat bar
圆钢round steel; rod
钢带strap steel
网络钢板checkered plate
材料表bill of material[BOM]
材料统计material take-off[MTO]
散装材料bulk material
综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary
sheet[CPMSS]
汇总表summary sheet

5.设备布置及管道设计
中心线center line
装置边界boundary limit[BL]
区界area limit
设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan

标高,立面elevation[EL]
支撑点point of support[POS]
工厂北向plant north
方位orientation
危险区hazardous area classification
净正吸入压头net positive suction head
绝对标高absolute elevation
坐标coordinate
管道研究piping study
管道布置平面piping arrangement plan[PAP]
管道布置piping assembly; layout
详图detail
"X"视图view "X"
"A-A" 剖视section "A-A"
轴测图isometric drawing
索引图key plan
管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]
管口表list of nozzles
地上管道above ground piping
地下管道under ground piping
管线号line number
总管header; manifold
旁路by pass
常开normally open
常闭normally closed
取样接口sampling connection
伴热管tracing pipe
蒸汽伴热steam tracing
热水伴热hot-water tracing
电伴热electrical tracing
夹套管jacketed line
全夹套管full jacketed
比例scale
图figure
草图sketch
图例legend
符号symbol
件号part n
3、通过活动，使学生养成博览群书的好习惯。