副词-总结.doc

.副词 第一部分：副词概述一、副词的定义和分类（一） 定义：用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。如：Carl runs fast. 卡尔跑得快。It is raining heavily outside. 外面雨下得很大。I cant walk too quickly. 我不能走太快。Luckily, Mr Black won the lottery. 幸运的是，布莱克先生中了彩票。（二） 副词的分类1. 时间副词now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago, soon, immediately, lately, early, sometimes, often, always, usually, already, yet, ever, never等。时间副词是选用句子时态时的重要标志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。其中：频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, never 2. 地点副词outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时不用加介词。 3. 方式副词quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily, fast, again等。方式副词大多是“形容词+ly”构成形式。4. 程度副词very, quite, rather, too, much, so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级，有些能修饰形容词比较级。 5. 疑问副词when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊问句。6. 关系副词when, where, why, how等。关系副词常用来引导定语从句。二、副词的基本用法（一） 副词的位置 1. 一般作状语时放在谓语动词之后。如果谓语动词带有宾语，副词则放在宾语后面。 We all study hard. He is drawing a horse carefully. 2. 频度副词作状语时放在be动词或助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。 He is always late for school. I often go to see my grandparents on Sunday.我经常星期天看望祖父母。 3. 某些副词为了强调上下句的衔接，放在句子之前。 Suddenly he had a good idea.突然他想出了一个办法。 4. enough修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。 The boy is old enough to go to school. 这孩子够大了能去上学。 He got up early enough to catch up the train.他起得足够早能赶上火车。（二） 副词的排列顺序1. 副词表示时间、地点时，小单位在前，大单位在后。如： He comes from New York, America. 他来自美国纽约。 2. 副词表示方式时，拼写短的在前，拼写长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。如： Please write slowly and carefully. 请慢一点、仔细一点写。 3. 多个不同副词排列：程度 + 方式 + 地点 + 时间。如： The man runs very slowly along the river at 6:30 every morning. 每天早晨六点半，这个人沿着河边慢跑。三、副词与形容词的联系（一） 形容词变副词的规则 1. 一般情况下，在形容词词尾加ly。如： slow-slowly quick-quickly polite-politely bad-badly careful-carefully 2. 以y结尾的，要把y变成i，再加ly。如： happy-happily easy-easily angry-angrily 3. 以le结尾的，去掉e,再加y。如： terrible-terribly（二） 貌似副词的形容词lonely 孤独的, friendly 友好的, lively 生动活泼的, lovely 可爱的 （三） 既可以是形容词也可以是副词的词late , long, clear, cheap, clean, straight, close, fast, early, hard 【专项练习一】基础题一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。1. He sat _ (comfortable) in the chair.2. Please drive your car _ (careful).3. Dont be late again. You should be _ (early) tomorrow morning.4. Tom jumped _ (high) of all.5. Everyone began to shout _ (loud).6. We know you did _ (well).7. You looked _ (worry). Whats happened?8. Its _ (real) cold here.9. That sounds _ (interest). I am always _ (interest) in new films10. The Greens are _(happy) to live in this _(noise) street. They have decided to move to another place.11. I like her dress. It looks very _(beauty).12. Its a _(please) trip for all of us.二、单项选择。( ) 1. It is _ nice of you to help me.A. truly B. true C. really D. real( ) 2. His handbag was stolen on his way back home, _ his iphone was with him.A. SurprisinglyB. SadlyC. Luckily D. Hopefully( ) 3. - Why hasnt Tom come to the party? - There is _ with his brother. He has to look after him.A. something wrongB. anything wrongC. wrong somethingD. wrong anything( ) 4. Look! There is _ in the room.A. a green large Chinese carpet B. a Chinese large green carpet C. a green Chinese large carpet D. a large green Chinese carpet( ) 5. - I wont go to the Great Wall tomorrow. - I wont, _.A. neither B. either C. too D. also ( ) 6. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, _.A. too B. either C. neither D. also( ) 7. Peter looked _ when he learned that he hadnt passed the final exam.A. sadly B. sad C. happily D. happy( ) 8. Its a good habit to keep the classroom _ all the time.A. cleanly B. clearly C. clear D. clean( ) 9. - Is there _ in todays newspaper? - Yes. It says that a new president has been elected already.A. anything importantB. any important thingC. important anything D. any things important( ) 10. Rose caught a _ cold and has been _ ill for days.A. bad, badB. bad, badlyC. badly, badD. badly, badly( ) 11. In the exam, the _ you are, the _ mistakes youll make.A. carefully, little B. more careful, fewerC. more careful, less D. more carefully, fewer( ) 12. Mike went to school today because he felt _.A. enough wellB. good enoughC. enough goodD. well enough( ) 13. The night was very _, so he had to take off his shoes _. A. quiet, quietlyB. quite, quicklyC. late, quick D. quite, quietly提高题单项选择( ) 1. If you like the chicken, you may have as _ as you can.A. more B. many C. little D. much( ) 2. - Uncle Wang is _ man that he always helps others. - Oh, he is really great .A. so friend a B. such a friendly C. such friendly aD. so a friendly( ) 3. It was _ late to catch a bus after the party, so we took a taxi. A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far( ) 4. The plane got back to the airport and landed _.A. safe B. lively C. safely D. safety( ) 5. You dont need to go any _, for the post office is near there.A. far B. farther C. furthest D. farthest( ) 6. _ the young man is running!A. How fast B. How quick C. How fastly D. What quickly( ) 7. My sister is good at sports. She can jump _ than me.A. highest B. very high C. too high D. much higher( ) 8. - _ will you finish the work? - In a week.A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far( ) 9.- Has Mr. White come _? - Yes. He has _ been here for 10 minutes.A. yet, alreadyB. already, yet C. already, alreadyD. yet, yet( ) 10. Its twelve oclock at night, but Mr. Zhang is _ working in the office. A. already B. ever C. still D. yet( ) 11. Bob never does his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful asB. as carefully as C. carefully asD. as careful as( ) 12. _ you dive into the water, _ you breathe. A. Deeper; harder B. The deeper; the harderC. The deep; the hard D. Deep; hard( ) 13. - Can you catch what I said? - Sorry, I can _ understand it.A. almost B. hardly C. nearly D. never( ) 14. She always finishes her homework on time. She _ leaves it for the next day. A. always B. never C. usually D. sometimes( ) 15. - _ will it take us to get there by bus? - About two hours.A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How quick第二部分：副词辨析well 做副词修饰动词，意思是：好 做形容词是形容身体好的，健康的。一、选择正确的词填空。My father is a _ teacher. He teaches English very_.(good, well)The cloth feels _and sells_. (good, well)The food tastes _( good, well)How _(nice, well) the flower smells!二、选择题。1、Li Lei did quite _in the English competition. I did even_. A. better, well B. good, better C. well , better D. well, good2、If he is _, hell be at work tomorrow. A. enough well B. enough good C. well enough D. good enough much too 与 too much：1. much too 用于修饰形容词或副词，强调“实在”或“太”的语气。Its much too expensive! 2. too much 用于修饰不可数名词，其本身也可以作代词或副词使用。You shouldnt drink too much.一、用too much或 much too填空。1. We both have _work to do.2. Its _ cold outsideYoud better put on your overcoat3. She spent _ money on clothes4. After finishing _homework, she felt _tired. 二、选择题。1. He cant hear you because there is _noise here Avery much Btoo much Cmuch too Dso many 2. Look！Theres _ice on the lake Atoo much Bmuch too Ca lot 3. The sweater is very beautiful，but its _dear Atoo much Bmuch too Cmany Dmore 4. These shoes are _ big for me Atoo many Bmuch more Cmuch too D too much 第三部分：副词的比较级和最高级的用法一、构成规则1、一般单音节词在末尾加-er，-est 2、以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加-r，-st 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y为i再加-er，-est 4、重读闭音节（辅音+元音+辅音）词，双写末尾字母，再加-er，-est5、部分双音节词和多音节词在前加more、most构成比较级和最高级二、.不规则变化原级比较级最高级well（好地）betterbestbadly（坏的）worseworstold（老的）olderelderoldesteldestmany（多的）much（多的）moremostlittle（少的）lessleastfar（远的）fartherfurtherfarthestfurthest三、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1. 表示两个东西在某方面是一样的，用“as+副词原级+as”结构 I swim as fast as my sister.2. 用于两者之间的比较，句子中常有连词than I swim faster than my sister.3. 用于三者或三者以上之间的比较用最高级 I swim fastest in my family.四、用于比较级和最高级的句型1. as + adv原形 + as 和一样 as/so + adv原形 + as 和不一样2. 比较级+and+比较级”结构，“越来越”3. more and more +adv原形，“越来越”4. 表示一方随另一方程度变化时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构五、注意事项1. 比较级前可用much, far, even, a little, still, yet, a bit, a lot, 倍数或分数等词修饰2. 副词的最高级前一般不用定冠词the【专项练习二】一、单项选择。1. - Its so cold today. - Yes, its than it was yesterday. A. more cold B. more colder C. much colder D. cold2. She isnt so at maths as you are. A. well B. good C. better D. best3. Peter writes of the three. A. better B. best C. good D. well4. Wu Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting. A. so B. much C. very D. too5. -Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one than this, but _ this. A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; good as6. -This digital camera is really cheap! -The _ the better. Im short of money, you see. A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive7. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _ as possible. A. often B. long C. hard D. soon8. -Remember this, children. _ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make. -We know, Miss Gao. A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less9. Bob never does his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as10. -What delicious cakes! -They would taste _ with butter. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse二. 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. _ (Fortunate), there was no money in it.2. Mobile phones are _ (wide) used in most of the cities in China.3. He put on his coat and went out _ (quick).4. She is _ (good) than Li Ping at swimming.5. A lot Chinese people are _ (pride) of Yao Ming, a famous basketball star in NBA.6. To our surprise, he suddenly returned on a cold _ (snow) night.7. Allie asked me _ (polite) to put the things away.8. Its snowing hard. You must drive _(careful).9. The earth we live on is _ (big) than the moon.10. Hainan is a very large island. Its the second _ (large) island in China.三. 用适当的形容词或副词填空(首字母已给出)1. A large number of mouths must be fed in those less d_ countries.2. That evening Beethoven played the music for the girl as well as u_.3. Hawaii is f_ its beautiful beaches.4. He often takes an a_ part in the sports meeting and he can get very good results each time.5. The performance was so w_ that everyone gave a long and loud applause(鼓掌).6. Jiefang Road is the b_ street in our city.7. She lay a_ for hours thinking over her business.8. I like ball games very much, but my f_ sport is playing basketball.9. The boy is too l_ . He doesnt want to do anything.10. The dictionary is very u_ . It will help you a lot.【专项练习三】1. The little girl was afraid of staying _ in the _ house.A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone2. Bob never does his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as3. There are many young trees on_ sides of the road.A. every B. each C. both D. all4. Jone looks so _ today because she has got an “A” in her maths test.A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily5. The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _ with me.A. sad B. pleased C. angry D. sorry6. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _ as possible.A. often B. long C. hard D. soon7. -One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.-Right. The government spoke _ that.A. highly for B. high of C. well of D. highly of8. Have you had your supper _ ? Yes, I have _ had it.A. already; yet B. yet; yet C. already; never D. yet; already9 . She always finishes her homework on time. She _ leaves it for tomorrow.A. always B. never C. usually D. sometimes 10. Can you catch what I said? Sorry, I can _ understand it.A. almost B. hardly C. nearly D. hard【参考答案】【专项练习一】基础题一、1. comfortably2. carefully3. earlier 4. highly5. loudly6. well 7. worried 8. really9. interesting 10. interested 11. beautiful12. pleasing 二、1-5 CACDB 6-10 ABDAB 11-12 CD 提高题1-5 DBBCB6-10 ADBAC11-15 BBBBC第二部分副词辨析答案：一、good, well, good, well, good, nice二、C C一、too much much too too much too much much too 二、BABC【专项练习二】【专项练习三】15 ABCAB 610 A DDBB精选范本