1、1宾语从句知识点梳理宾语从句知识点梳理宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。根据作用的不同,宾语从句的引导词通常分为以下几类:连接词词义功能that无词义不作成分,只起连接作用,口语中可省略whether/if是否不作成分,但不能省略what,which,who,whose 等连接代词什么,哪个,谁,谁的作主语、宾语、表语、定语等when,where,why,how等连接副词表时间,地点,原因,方式等作状语知识点知识点 1:宾语从句的连接词的用法:宾语从句的连接词的用法在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有
2、:that;if;whether;what;which;who;whom;when;where;how;why 等。1.【考查点考查点】宾语从句是陈述句时,用 that 引导。在口语中 that 常被省略。如:I know(that)you are a student.2.【考查点考查点】宾语从句是一般疑问句时,用 if 或 whether 来引导。if,whether意为“是否”,whether 还可以与 or not 连用。如:Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.莉莉想知道她的姐姐是否喜欢这个手提袋。3.【考查点考查点】
3、宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,用疑问词引导。如:He didnt tell me where he was going.他没告诉我他想去哪儿。Can you tell me what he said just now?你能告诉我他刚才说什么吗?2知识点知识点 2:宾语从句的语序:宾语从句的语序1.陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。如:She said,“I will leave a message on the desk.”她说她会在桌上留口信的。She said that she would leave a message on the desk.2.【考查点考查点】一般疑问
4、句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述句语序。如:“Where are the tickets?”I asked him.我问他票在哪儿。I asked him where the tickets were.注意:宾语从句的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表:直接引语的主语 变为间接引语后 第一人称 与主句的主语一致 第二人称 与主句的宾语一致 第三人称 不变 知识点知识点 3:宾语从句的时态:宾语从句的时态1.如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句的时态不受限制,可以根据实际表达的需要来确定。如:Could you tell
5、me what he said at the meeting?你能告诉我他在会上说什么。He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself.他会告诉我们他已经能告诉他自己。Tell him when we will finish our work.告诉他我们什么时候完成工作。2.【考查点考查点】如果主句是过去的某种时态,宾语从句应与主句保持一致,用过去的某种时态。如:He said that he was born in Wenzhou in 1996.他说他 1996 年出生于温州。3 They said that they
6、 had already seen the film.他们说他们已经看过这部电影了。3.【易错点易错点】如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、格言、科学真理时,从句时态不受主句限制,用一般现在时。如:Everyone knew there are 365 days in a year.大家都知道一年有 365 天。She said that two heads are better than one.她说三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。He said that the sun rises in the east.知识点知识点 4:宾语从句的否定前移:宾语从句的否定前移【考查点考查点】在宾语从句中,当主句的谓语
7、动词为 think,believe,expect,imagine,suppose 等时,如果主句为 I 或 we 时,从句中表示否定意义的 not 应移到 think,believe,expect,imagine,suppose 等前。如:I dont suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。注意:如果主句主语不是 I 或 we,则 not 不前移。如:She thinks she cant arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。知识点知识点 5:宾语从句的简化:宾语从句的简化1.【考查点考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语动词是 hop
8、e,wish,decide 等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如:I hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。2.【考查点考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语动词是 know,remember,forget,learn 等时,句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如:I dont know what I should say.I dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。3.【考查点考查点】当主句的谓语动词是 ask,tell,show,teach 等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语
9、一致时,从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词不定式”结构。如:Mr Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall.Mr Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.4 胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps?Will you please tell me where to buy stamps?请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票练习及分析练习及分析1、-Can you tell me _ to London?-SureNext month()Awhe
10、n you will travel Bwhen will you travelCwhen you travelled Dwhen did you travel【考点】宾语从句。【分析】-你能告诉我什么时候去伦敦旅游吗?-当然了。下周。【解答】考查宾语从句的用法宾语从句的语序为陈述语序,故排除 B 和 D;根据答语 next month 可知,从句为一般将来时态,排除 C.故选:A2、-Could you tell me_?-At nine oclock,in ten minutes()Ahow will he leaveBwhen he has leftCwhy he is leavingDw
11、hen he will leave【考点】宾语从句【分析】-你能告诉我他什么时候离开吗?-在十分钟后,九点【解答】答案:D根据问句知此题考查宾语从句考生可分三步答题:1陈述语序排除法,2根据句意选择合适的引导词,3根据时态判断。首先,排除不是陈述语序的选项 A;再根据句意来选择合适的引导词根据答语可排除 C,B 选项;最后5根据时态检验,主句为 Could you tell me 为一般现在时,从句时态可根据自身情况选择,根据答语知为将来的时间,故用一般将来时。故选 D.3、-Can you tell me_?-He lives in Shanghai()Awhere Mark livesBw
12、here does Mark liveCwhere Mark livedDwhere did Mark live【考点】宾语从句。【分析】-你能告诉我 Mark 住在哪里吗?-他住在上海。【解答】答案:A 根据 Can you tell me?再结合选项,可知 Can you tell me 后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,所以排除 B,D再根据 He lives in Shanghai是说现在他住在上海。可知是一般现在时,故排除 C。故选:A4、-Could you tell me_his hometown?-The day after tomorrow,I t
13、hink()Awhen will you visitBwhen you will visitCwhy you will visitDhow you will visit【考点】宾语从句【分析】-你能告诉我你什么时候访问张爱萍的家乡吗?-我想后天吧【解答】答案:B根据 Could you tell me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 A 是疑问句语序,排除掉再根据 The day after tomorrow,可知这里表示的是时间,提问时间的话应该用 when故选 B5、-Do you know _?-Let me seeI remember it
14、was on March 18th()Awhy did they move here6Bwhy they moved hereCwhen did they move hereDwhen they moved here【考点】宾语从句【分析】-你知道他们什么时候搬到这里来的吗?-让我想想,我记得是在 3 月 18 日【解答】答案:D根据 Do you know 可知,本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项 AC 是疑问语序,所以排除掉;再根据 I remember it was on March 18th,可知这里表示的是时间,而且是一个过去的时间,所以宾语从句的引导词是 when,时
15、态应该用一般过去时故选 D6、-Excuse meCould you tell me _ about the local history and culture?-Of courseYou can check it on this computer()Ahow can I get the informationBwhat information did I getCwhere I can get the informationDthat I got the information【考点】宾语从句【分析】-对不起,你能告诉我在哪里可以找到有关当地的历史和文化的信息吗?-当然可以你可以在这台电脑上
16、查一下它【解答】答案:C根据 Could you tell me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 AB 是疑问句语序,排除掉再根据 on this computer,可知这里表示的是地点,提问地方的话应该用 where。故选 C7、-What did your father say to you just now?-He asked me_()7Athat I would like to see a movieBwhere I will spend my holidayCif I enjoyed myself at the partyDwhen di
17、d I attend the graduation party【考点】宾语从句【分析】-你爸爸刚才和你说什么了?-他问我在聚会上是否玩得很开心【解答】答案:C根据 He asked me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 D 是疑问句语序,排除掉再根据 He asked me,可知这里句子使用的时态是一般过去时,那么宾语从句就要相应的用过去时,选项 B 是 will,不符合时态要求,排除掉在这里 ask 的意思是询问,后面跟的宾语从句应该有疑问的语气,所以这里使用的引导词是 if,排除 A。故选 C8、-Daniel,could you tell me
18、_?-Certainly,in Brazil()Awhen the 2016 Olympics will be heldBwhen will the 2016 Olympics be heldCwhere the 2016 Olympics will be heldDwhere will the 2016 Olympics be held【考点】宾语从句【分析】-Daniel,你能告诉我 2016 年奥运会在哪里举行吗?-当然可以,在巴西【解答】答案:C根据 Could you tell me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 BD 是疑问句语序,排除
19、掉再根据 in Brazil,可知这里表示的是地点,提问地方的话应该用 where。故选 C9、-I wonder_-It will fall on a Saturday()8Ahow will National Day fall on this yearBHow National Day will fall on this yearCWhat day will National Day fall on this yearDWhat day National Day will fall on this year【考点】宾语从句【分析】-我想知道今年国庆节将在哪一天?-将会是周六【解答】答案:D
20、根据 I wonder,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 AC 是疑问句语序,排除掉再根据 It will fall on a Saturday,可知这里表示的是哪一天,提问的话应该用 what day。故选 D10、I dont know if you _ to Marys party next SundayIf you go,_()Ago;so will IBwill go;so will ICwill go;so do I【考点】宾语从句;状语从句【分析】我不知道下个星期天你是否会去参加 Mary 的聚会如果你去的话,我也去【解答】答案:B根据
21、I dont know if you _ to Marys party next Sunday,可知这里考查了宾语从句的用法,主句是一般现在时,所以后面的从句可以用所需要的时态,在这里 next Sunday 表示一个将来的时间,所以句子应该用一般将来时,结构为:will+动词原形;再根据 If you go,可知这部分考查了倒装句,下句是肯定形式,所以用 so+助动词+主语的形式,表示也是,这里 if 引导的是条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,所以在 so 引导的句子中还应该用will。故选 B11、-Would you like to tell me_?-SurePract
22、ice makes perfect()9Ahow can I learn English betterBhow I can learn English betterCwhy can I learn English betterDwhy I can learn English better【考点】宾语从句【分析】-你想告诉我如何能更好地学习英语吗?-当然可以熟能生巧【解答】答案:B根据 Would you like to tell me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 AC 是疑问句语序,排除掉再根据Practice makes perfect,可知这
23、里询问的是如何能把英语学的更好,表示做没事的方式用 how。故选 B12、-I am worried about_-Whatever the result is,dont be too hard on yourself()Ahow have I prepared for my final examsBif I can get great grads in the final examsCthat my school team lost the game because of my faultDwhy did my school team lose the game【考点】宾语从句【分析】-我担
24、心我是否能在期末考试中取得好成绩-无论结果如何,你自己都不要太辛苦了【解答】答案:B根据 I am worried about_,可知,本题考查宾语从句的用法,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项 AD 是疑问句语序,排除掉;在这里 I am worried about含有疑问的口气,所以后面所跟的宾语从句用 if 来引导。故选 B13、-Dad,can you tell me _?I miss her very much-Next month,dear()10Awhen will my mum come backBwhen my mum will come backChow my mum goes
25、 to workDwhere will my mum go【考点】宾语从句【分析】-爸爸,你能告诉我妈妈什么时候回来吗?我非常想念她-亲爱的,下个月【解答】答案:B根据 Can you tell me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 AD 是疑问句语序,排除掉再根据-Next month,可知这里表示的是时间,提问时间的话应该用 when。故选 B14、There are so many foggy days recentlyWe all wonder_()Ahow is the air pollutedBwhy the air is serious
26、ly pollutedCwhat can we do to prevent that bad weatherDwhat are the real reasons【考点】宾语从句【分析】最近有这么多雾天我们都想知道为什么空气污染如此的严重【解答】答案:B 根据 We all wonder-再结合选项,可知 We all wonder 后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,所以排除 ACD选项 B why the air is seriously polluted 为什么空气污染如此的严重,符合题意。故选:B15、Could you please tell me_?I di
27、dnt hear it clearly()Awhat did Mary sayBwhat Mary saysCwhat Mary said【考点】宾语从句11【分析】你能告诉我 Mary 说了什么吗?我没有听清楚【解答】答案:C根据 Could you please tell me _,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 A 是疑问句语序,排除掉再根据 I didnt hear it clearly,可知这里句子使用的时态是一般过去时,表示说话这个动作发生在过去,时态应该用一般过去时。故选 C16、-Excuse me,but could you ple
28、ase tell me?-sure()Awhere is the restroomBwhen the store opensCwhat time does it begin【考点】宾语从句【分析】-打扰一下,但是你能告诉我商店什么时候开门吗?-当然可以【解答】答案:B根据 could you please tell me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 AC 是疑问句语序,排除掉选项 B 是正常语序,意思是商店什么时候开门,符合题意。故选 B17、-What did Max just say to you?-He asked me _()Aif I
29、would like to go skatingBwhen did I buy this CDCwhere I will spend the weekendDthat I had a good time【考点】宾语从句【分析】-Max 刚才和你说什么了?-他问我是否想去滑冰12【解答】答案:A根据 He asked me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 B 是疑问句语序,排除掉再根据 He asked me,可知这里句子使用的时态是一般过去时,那么宾语从句就要相应的用过去时,选项 C 是 will,不符合时态要求,排除掉在这里 ask 的意思是询问,
30、后面跟的宾语从句应该有疑问的语气,所以这里使用的引导词是 if,排除 D。故选 A18、-Look at the man in blue!Do you know_?-Oh,he is a policeman()Awhat does he do Bwhat he doesChow he does 【考点】宾语从句【分析】看看那个穿蓝色衣服的男士!你知道他是干什么的吗?-哦,他是一名警察。【解答】答案:B 根据 Do you know?再结合选项,可知 Do you know 后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,所以排除 A再根据 he is a policeman这里表
31、示职业,询问的话应该用 what,故排除 C。故选:B19、-Do you know_?-YesTheyre from new York()Awhat do the tourists doBwhere the tourists are fromCwhat the tourists doDwhere are the tourists from【考点】宾语从句【分析】-你知道这些游客来自哪里吗?-是的他们来自纽约。【解答】答案:B13根据 Do you know ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法。在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 AD 是疑问句语序,排除掉。再根据 from New Y
32、ork,可知这里表示的是地点,提问地方的话应该用 where。故选 B20、-Do you know _this afternoon?-Im not sure,but Ill tell you as soon as she comes()Ahow will Betty arriveBwhat time Betty will arriveCwhere Betty will arriveDwhether will Betty arrive【考点】宾语从句【分析】-你知道 Betty 今天下午将会什么时候到达吗?-我不确定,但是她一来我就告诉你。【解答】答案:B根据 Do you know 可知,本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项 AD 是疑问语序,所以排除掉;再根据 but Ill tell you as soon as she comes,可知但是她一来我就告诉你,这里谈论的应该是时间,而且应该是一个将来的时间,所以宾语从句的引导词是 what time,时态应该用一般将来时。故选 B.