中考宾语从句知识点归纳.doc

中考宾语从句知识点归纳宾语从句-语序和连接代词一考点回顾1. 从句种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的短语，或形容词的宾语，根据宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可以分为三类。a. 由that 引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。Eg. He said (that)he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that)he will succeed.b. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, which ,what ; 连接副词when , where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个充分。Eg. Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for ? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?c. 由if 或whether（是否）引导的宾语从句 【不能选that选项】I want to know if /whether he lives here.He asked me whether/if I could help him.注意whether/if区别： whether. or not / to do 2. 语序 - 宾语从句用陈述语序 主语+谓语+宾语从句（连接词+陈述句）Eg. I think that you will like this school soon.3. 宾语从句时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句时态取决于从句（从句是一般过去时，宾语从句应用一般过去时，以此类推）Eg. Do you know how much she paid for the new mobile phone last week?2. 如果主句时态是一般过去式，宾语从句只能用相应的过去式（一般过去式，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）Eg. Sue told me that she would go shopping with her sister the next day 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态用一般现在时Eg. Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.4. 主句中的could / would 不表示过去时态，而表示语气委婉Eg. Could you tell me when the train will leave?宾语从句-直接引语转换成间接引语1. 直接引语转化成间接引语1） 引语是陈述句：主语+said, “陈述句” 主语+said +(that) +陈述句He said , “I m very glad.” He said (that) he was very glad. 2) 引语是一般疑问句：主语+asked, “一般疑问句” 主语+asked +whether/if +陈述句He asked , “Are you very busy these days?” (直接)He asked me whether/if I was busy these days . （间接） 3) 引语是特殊疑问句：主语+asked, “特殊疑问句” 主语+asked +疑问词+陈述句He said , “when do you want to leave?” (direct)He asked me when i want to leave (indirect) 4) 引语是祈使句：主语+ask/tell/order sb (not) to do sth . He said , “Open the door ,John !” (直接) He asked John to open the open .2. 主句的转述动词为过去式时，将直接引语转换为间接引语时的时态变化 一般现在时 一般过去时； 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时； 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时； 情态动词现在式 情态动词过去式 注意： 直接引语中陈述的是真理，间接引语中仍用一般现在时3. 转换过程中时间状语、地点状语、指示代词、某些动词变化 直接引语 间接引语 now then Eg. He said , “ I am a driver now .” (direct) He told me that he was a driver then (indirect) today that day tonight that night yesterday the day before tomorrow the next day last week the week before next week the next weekin two days two days later ago before here therethis that these those come go bring take 二 历年真题1. “ Is it the first boys-only school in the city?” asked a parent. (宾语从句) (2012 年) A parent asked _ it _ the first boys-only school in the city .2. “ Who is responsible for the food safety problem?” asked the reporter. (宾语从句) (2013 年) The reporter asked _ _ responsible for the food safety problem.3. John asked , can you look after my pet dog while Im away? (宾语从句) (2014年) John asked_ I _ look after his pet dog while he was away. 4. “Why does Jim send flowers to MS Grey every September ?” he wondered. (宾语从句) 2015 He wondered why _ _ flowers to MS Grey every September.5. -David, could you tell me _? （2014 南京） - Every four years. A. when the 2014 World Cup will finish B. how often the World Cup takes place C. how many teams take part in the World Cup D. who may score the most goals in the World Cup 6.Peter，is there anything else you want to know about China? （2012南京）Yes，I am still wondering _ . A. how is Chinese paper cut made B. how was the Great Wall built in ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festival 7.Most children are interested in amazing things, and they wonder _Awhen can they see UFOs B how can elephants walk on tiptoe Cwhy do fish sleep with their eyes open Dwhy there is no plant life without lightning 8. Summer holiday is coming. Whats your plan, Jim? I havent decided _A. that I stay at home and read some books B. whether I can take a course to lose weight C. where will I travel abroad with my parents D. when will I volunteer at the home for the elderly 9The teacher asked me _A. if the earth moves round the sun B. that Taiwan is part of China C. when did World War II break out and end D. what can we use to identify soft water and hard water 10. The school year will be over soon. Could you let me know _this summer holiday? A. where are you going to spend B. how you are going to spend C. where you were going to spend D. how were you going to spend5 / 5