华为路由器配置.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,HL-,005,路由器基础及配置,ISSUE 4.0,目标,掌握路由器基本原理,能够利用一些常用命令配置路由器,能够升级路由器,通过本章学习,2,课程内容,路由器基础,路由器配置,命令行简介,升级路由器,3,路由器的概念及基本构成,路由器,一种重要的网络设备,用于网络互连的计算机设备,作为路由器，必须具备：,两个或两个以上的接口,协议至少向上实现到网络层,具有存储、转发、寻径功能,4,路由器的作用,路由器的核心作用是实现网络互连,分组数据转发,路由（寻径）：路由表建立、刷新、查找,子网间的速率适配,隔离网络，防止网络风暴，指定访问规则（防火墙）,异种网络互连,5,路由器工作流程,IP,ETH,PPP,以太网口,串口,IP,PPP,ETH,串口,以太网口,协议封装,路由选择,协议转换,路由器,路由器,WAN,传送,拆包,LAN1,LAN2,接收,发送,工作过程,6,路由表,路由表内容示例,30.0.0.1,255.255.255.0,200.0.0.0,20.0.0.1,255.255.255.0,100.0.0.0,10.0.0.1,0.0.0.0,0.0.0.0,下一跳地址,掩码,目的地址,7,Quidway R1602,同异步串口,同异步串口,以太网口,备份口,配置口,电源插座,电源开关,8,课程内容,路由器基础,路由器配置,命令行简介,升级路由器,9,配置路由器,通过,console,口配置,通过拨号远程配置,通过,telnet,方式配置,通过哑终端方式配置,通过,FTP,方式传送配置文件,10,通过,console,口配置,建立本地配置环境,配置口,(Console),配置口（,console,）电缆,R232,串口,11,步骤一：连接配置电缆,将路由器随机所带的配置电缆取出,RJ45,头一端接在路由器的,console,口上,9,针（或,25,针）,RS232,接口一端接在计算机的串行口上,12,步骤二：创建超级终端（,1,）,以,WINDOWS98,所带的“超级终端”为例,点击“开始”,“,程序”,“,附件”,“,超级终端”,进入“超级终端”目录后，选择“,Hypertrm,”,，即可新建一“超级终端”,13,步骤二：创建超级终端（,2,）,14,通过拨号线路远程配置路由器,将路由器和微机分别与,modem,连接,备份电缆,modem,modem,PSTN/ISDN,15,通过,Telnet,配置本地路由器,Quidwaylogin,telnet,Quidwaylocal,-user huawei service-type exec-operator password simple,quidway,服务器,配置路由器的一台微机,工作站,工作站,10Base-T,网口,16,通过哑终端配置,Quidway-Serial0physical-mode,async,同,/,异步串口口,17,通过,FTP,配置,在路由器上启动,FTP,服务器,在终端上启动,FTP,客户程序,FTP server,10.110.0.1,FTP client,10.110.0.2,Ethernet,18,课程内容,路由器基础,路由器配置,命令行简介,升级路由器,19,命令行概述,普通用户模式,特权用户模式,接口配置模式,路由协议配置模式,20,进入路由器配置界面,Press ENTER key to get start when you see ATS0=1.,System now is starting.ATS0=1,Quidway,console,21,普通用户模式命令列表,Quidway,?,quit,Exit from EXEC,help Description of the interactive help system,language Switch language mode(English,Chinese),ping Send echo messages,display,display,running system information,telnet Connect remote computer,tracert,Trace route to destination,22,系统视图命令列表,Quidway,?,Debugging,Debugging functions,Delete,Erase the configuration file in flash or,nvram,Reboot,Reboot the router,Display,Show running system information,Save,Write running configuration to flash or,nvram,Undo,Disable some parameter,switchs,23,接口视图命令列表,Quidwayinterface,serial 0,Quidway-Serial0?,Baudrate,Set,transmite,and receive,baudrate,Link-protocol,Set encapsulation type for an interface,Ip,Interface Internet Protocol configure command,Shutdown,Shutdown the selected interface,Physical-mode,Configure sync or,async,physical layer on serial interface,Undo,Negate a Command or Set its default,Dialer,Dial-On-Demand routing(DDR)command,Quit,Exit from,config,interface mode,Loopback,Configure internal,loopback,on an interface,Mtu,Maximum transmission unit,24,在线帮助,Quidwaydisplay,?,aaa,-enable Enable,AAA(Authentication,Authorization and Accounting),acl,Specify structure of access-list configure information,arp,Add a ARP entry,bgp,Enable/disable BGP protocol,bridge,Bridge,Set,25,命令行错误信息,Quidwaydiplay,Incorrect command,Quidwaydisplay,Incomplete command,Quidwaydisplay,interface serial 0 0,Too many parameters,26,历史命令,Quidwaydisplay,history-command,int,s 0,exit,或,上一条历史纪录,或,下一条历史纪录,27,编辑特性,普通按键 输入字符到当前光标位置,退格键,BackSpace,删除光标位置的前一个字符,删除键,Delete,删除光标位置字符,左光标键,光标相左移动一个字符位置,右光标键,光标相右移动一个字符位置,上下光标键,显示历史命令,28,显示特性,Language,中英文显示方式切换,暂停显示时键入,Ctrl+c,停止显示和命令执行,暂停显示时键入空格键,继续显示下一屏信息,暂停显示时键入回车键,继续显示下一行信息,29,口令忘了！怎么办？,进入特权模式的口令忘了？,口令忘了！没法配置路由器了,重起路由器,按下,Ctrl+b,输入,Bootrom,密码,选择清除密码，重起路由器,修改密码,30,课程内容,路由器基础,路由器配置,命令行简介,升级路由器,31,升级路由器,通过,console,口升级,通过,FTP,升级,通过,TFTP,升级,更多的功能,更简便的配置,32,通过,Console,口升级路由器,Quidwayreboot,WARNING:System will REBOOT!Continue?Y/,Ny,.CTR+B,Boot Menu:,1:Download application program with XMODEM,2:Download application program with TFTP,3:Clear application password,4:Clear configuration,5:Exit and reboot,Enter your choice(1-5):1,console,33,通过,Console,口升级路由器（续）,34,通过,FTP,升级路由器,FTP server,10.110.0.1,FTP client,10.110.0.2,Ethernet,启动,FTP,服务器功能,Quidway,ftp,-server enable,增加用户名并设置密码,Quidwaylocal,-,user XXX service-type ftp password simple|cipher 123,35,通过,TFTP,升级路由器,TFTP server,10.110.0.1,TFTP client,10.110.0.2,Ethernet,选择指定的以太口,在配置电脑上运行,TFTP,服务器程序,指定应用程序所在的路径,运行超级终端,36,通过,TFTP,升级路由器,重起路由器并按下,“,N”,键,修改参数,(IP,地址,文件名等等,),按,“,C”(continue,),路由器重起后按,Ctr+B,Boot Menu:,1:Download application program with XMODEM,2:Download application program with TFTP,3:Clear application password,4:Clear configuration,5:Exit and reboot,Enter your choice(1-5):2,37,基本操作命令,系统状态和系统信息查看命令：,display,调试命令：,debugging,、,monitor,测试工具：,ping,、,tracert,38,常用,display,命令,display version,display current-configuration,display interface,39,display version,Quidwaydisplay,version,Copyright Notice:,All rights reserved(Apr 10 2003).,Without the owners prior written consent,no decompiling,or reverse-engineering shall be allowed.,Huawei Versatile Routing Platform Software,VRP(R)software,Version 1.74 Release 0006,Copyright(c)1997-2003 HUAWEI TECH CO.,LTD.,Quidway,R2630E uptime is 0 days 0 hours 3 minutes 10 seconds,System returned to ROM by reboot.,Quidway,R2630E with 1 MPC 8240 Processor,Router serial number is 00E0FC067AF8523E,64M bytes SDRAM,8192K bytes Flash Memory,128K bytes NVRAM,Config,Register points to NVRAM,Hardware Version is MTR 1.1,CPLD Version is CPLD 3.0,Bootrom,Version is 4.33,AUX AUX Hardware Version is 1.0,Driver Version is 1.0,LAN 1FE Hardware Version is 2.0,Driver Version is 2.0,Slot 1 RTB22SA Hardware Version is 1.1,Driver Version is 1.2,40,display current-configuration,Quidwaydisplay,current-configuration,Current configuration,hostname,huawei-bj,!,interface Ethernet0,ip,address 100.10.110.1 255.255.0.0,!,interface Serial0,encapsulation,ppp,ip,address 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.252,exit,ip,route 10.110.0.0 255.255.0.0 11.1.1.1 preference 60,!,end,41,display interface,:,显示接口信息,Quidwaydisplay,interface,serial 0,Serial0 is up,line protocol is up,physical layer is synchronous,baudrate,is 64000 bps,interface is DCE,clock is DCECLK,cable type is RS232,Internet address is 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.252,Encapsulation is PPP,LCP opened,IPCP opened,IPXCP initial,5 minutes input rate 52.63 bytes/sec,0.96 packets/sec,5 minutes output rate 60.00 bytes/sec,1.19 packets/sec,Input queue is 0/75/0(current/max/drops),Queueing,strategy:FIFO,Output Queue:(size/max/drops)0/75/0,539 packets input,24907 bytes,0 no buffers,670 packets output,29586 bytes,0 no buffers,DCD=UP DTR=UP DSR=UP RTS=UP CTS=UP,42,调试命令：,debugging,info-center,Quidwayinfo,-center enable,Quidwayinfo,-center console debugging,Quidwayinfo,-center monitor debugging,43,ping:,测试工具,Quidwayping,11.1.1.1,PING 11.1.1.1:56 data bytes,press CTRL_C to break,Reply from 11.1.1.1:bytes=56 Sequence=0,ttl,=255 time=31 ms,Reply from 11.1.1.1:bytes=56 Sequence=1,ttl,=255 time=31 ms,Reply from 11.1.1.1:bytes=56 Sequence=2,ttl,=255 time=32 ms,Reply from 11.1.1.1:bytes=56 Sequence=3,ttl,=255 time=31 ms,Reply from 11.1.1.1:bytes=56 Sequence=4,ttl,=255 time=31 ms,-11.1.1.1 ping statistics-,5 packets transmitted,5 packets received,0.00%packet loss,round-trip min/,avg,/max=31/31/32 ms,44,tracert,:,测试工具,Quidwaytracert,10.110.201.186,traceroute,to 10.110.201.186(10.110.201.186)30 hops max,40 bytes packet,1 11.1.1.1 29 ms 22 ms 21 ms,2 10.110.201.186 38 ms 24 ms 24 ms,45,问题,如何通过,TFTP,升级路由器,?,如何通过,console,口配置路由器,?,46,本章重点,路由器工作原理,通过,console,口本地和远程配置路由器,系统视图和接口视图的区别,升级路由器,常用的路由器命令和小工具,47,华为,3Com,技术有限公司,华为,3Com,公司网址,:,www.huawei-,华为,3Com,技术论坛网址,:,forum.huawei-,48,