广东省深圳市中考英语总复习-第七章-形容词与和副词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第七章 形容词和副词,第七章 形容词和副词,第一节 形容词,形容词用于修饰名词，表示名词的特点和属性，一般放在它所修饰的名词之前，在句中可作定语、表语和宾语补足语。,考点一：形容词的用法,考点二：辨析以,ing,和,ed,结尾的形容词,考点,一：形容词的用法,作定语：放在被修饰的名词之前，但若被修饰的词是,something,，,anything,等不定代词时，形容词要后置。,如：,a clever boy,something special,2.,作表语：放在,be,动词或系动词之后。,如：,The flower is beautiful.,常见的接形容词作表语的系动词有：一似乎（,seem,），二保持（,keep,，,stay,），三变化（,become,，,get,，,turn,），五感官（,feel,，,sound,，,look,，,smell,，,taste,）。,如：,He seems angry.,You must keep healthy.,Her face turned red.,This kind of cloth feels very soft.,The flower smells sweet.,考点,一：形容词的用法,作宾语补足语：放在宾语之后，常与,make,，,leave,，,keep,，,find,，,feel,，,think,等动词连用。,如：,You must keep your eyes closed when you do eye exercises.,The sad movie made me sad.,4.,“,Its+,adj.,+of+sb.+to do,sth,.,”,表示,“,某人做某事怎么样,”,。用于此句型的形容词多为,kind,，,nice,，,polite,，,clever,等形容词，形容人的主观情感、性格、品质、态度等。,如：,Its kind of him to help me.,考点,一：形容词的用法,考点,一：形容词的用法,“,Its+,adj.,+for+sb.+to do,sth,.”,表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。,用于此句型的多为,difficult,，,easy,，,dangerous,，,pleasant,等描述事物客观情况的形容词。,如：,Its very important for us to learn English well.,6.,表示感情和情绪的形容词，如,glad,，,happy,，,sorry,，,sad,，,thankful,，,pleased,等，后面常接动词不定式。,如：,Im glad to see you here.,Im sorry to keep you waiting for a long time.,考点,二：辨析以,ing,和,ed,结尾的形容词,以,ing,结尾的形容词表示“令人,”,，以,ed,结尾的形容词表示“感到,”,。,如：,You will be excited by our exciting performance.,amazing amazed,exciting excited,disappointing disappointed,surprising surprised,interesting interested,第一节即学即练,一、用,of,或,for,填空。,1.Its rude _ people to say something like that.,2.It is necessary _ us to have a balanced diet and plenty of exercise to keep our body healthy.,3.It is useful _ the students to have a computer at home.,4.It is kind _ the policeman to send me home.,二、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。,1.The boy is _ to watch the _ boxing,match.(excite,),2.The students were _ at the _,news.(disappoint,),第一节：形容词,of,for,for,of,excited,exciting,disappointed,disappointing,即学即练,二、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。,3.We felt _ at the _,news.(surprise,),4.Mary is _ in Chinese paintings.She thinks they are _.(interest),5.The homework has been _.Im _,so I go to,bed.(tire,),6.We spent a very _ evening last night.We really felt _.(bore),7.The man looked _ when he saw the _,tiger.(frighten,),8.The _ film made us _.(amaze),第一节：形容词,surprised,surprising,interested,interesting,tiring,tired,boring,bored,frightened,frightening,amazing,amazed,第二节 副词,考点一：副词的用法,考点二：副词的分类,考点三：“足够,以至于,”,的表达,考点四：形容词转为副词的变化规律,考点五：形容词与副词词形与词义的对比,考点六：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,副词用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句（修饰全句时副词可放在句首或句末）。,副词的位置：一般放在动词之后；但,always,，,often,，,never,等放在,be,动词、助动词和情态动词之后，行为动词之前。,如：,As students,we should study hard.,Amy is often late for school.This often makes our teacher angry.,考点一：副词的用法,按其语法作用可分为四类。,（,1,）疑问副词：用于构成特殊疑问句，如,where,，,when,，,why,，,how,等。,（,2,）连接副词：用于引导宾语从句等，如,when,，,where,，,why,，,how,等。,（,3,）关系副词：用于引导定语从句并在句中作状语，如,when,，,where,，,why,等。,（,4,）普通副词：除以上三类副词外的其他副词都属于此类。,考点二：副词的分类,按其词义可分为四类。,（,1,）时间副词，如,ago,，,before,，,recently,等。,（,2,）地点副词，如,away,，,there,，,outside,等。,（,3,）方式副词，如,carefully,，,slowly,，,successfully,等。,（,4,）程度副词，如,much,，,hardly,，,very,，,greatly,等。,考点二：副词的分类,1.,（,1,）形容词,/,副词,+enough,足够,如：,old enough,loudly enough,（,2,）形容词,/,副词,+enough to do,sth,.,足够,可以做某事,如：,Her hair is long enough to tie back.,（,3,）形容词,/,副词,+enough for sb.to do,sth,.,足够,以至于某人可以做某事,如：,The desk is light enough for me to carry.,考点三：,“,足够,以至于,”,的表达,not enough to do,sth,.=too to do,sth,.,不足够,做某事；太,而不能做某事,如：,The boy is not old enough to work.,=The boy is too young to work.,=The boy is so young that he cant work.,考点三：,“,足够,以至于,”,的表达,一般是在形容词词尾加,-,ly,。如：,slow slowly beautiful beautifully,以辅音字母加,le,结尾的词，去,e,加,-y,。如：,terrible terribly gentle gently,以“元音字母,+,辅音字母（,l,除外）,+e”,结尾的形容词，直接在词尾加,-,ly,。如：,wide widely brave bravely,polite politely,考点四：形容词转为副词,的变化规律,以字母,y,结尾的形容词变为副词有两种情况：,（,1,）,y,发短元音,i,时，应变,y,为,i,，再加,-,ly,。,如：,easy easily happy happily,（,2,）,y,发双元音,ai,时，则应直接加,-,ly,。,如：,dry dryly shy shyly,其他形式。,如：,full fully true truly,考点四：形容词转为副词,的变化规律,以,ly,结尾的形容词有,friendly,，,lovely,，,likely,，,daily,，,weekly,，,ugly,，,lively,，,lonely,等。,有些形容词加了,-,ly,后，意思和词义是不同的。,考点五：形容词与副词词形与词义的对比,high,高的,highly,高度地,deep,深,的,deeply,深深,地,late,迟,的,lately,最近,wide,宽,的,widely,广泛,地,close,近,的,closely,仔细地,hard,努力的，难的,hardly,几乎不,just,刚才,justly,公正,地,most,很，最,mostly,大多数,near,附近,nearly,几乎,有些单词兼作形容词和副词的词，既具有形容词词性，又具有副词词性。,考点五：,形容词与副词词形与词义的对比,单词,形容词词义,副词词义,well,身体好,很好地,fast,快的,快地,late,迟的,迟,nearby,附近的,在附近,high,高的,高,hard,硬的，困难的,努力地,early,早的,早地,loud,大声的,大声地,straight,直的,直地，直接地,pretty,漂亮的,相当,构成规则,（,1,）单音节词的比较级加,-,er,，最高级加,-,est,（以,e,结尾的词只加,-r,构成比较级，加,-,st,构成最高级）。如：,tall taller tallest,nice nicer nicest,（,2,）以辅音字母加,y,结尾的双音节词改,y,为,i,，再加,-,er,构成比较级，加,-,est,构成最高级。,如：,happy happier happiest,dirty dirtier dirtiest,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,（,3,）以重读闭音节结尾并且词尾只有一个辅音字母的单词，先双写最后一个字母再加,-,er,，,-,est,。,如：,big bigger biggest,wet wetter wettest,特殊的词：,real more real most real,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,（,4,）多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前分别加,more,和,most,构成比较级和最高级。,如：,slowly more slowly most slowly,tired more tired most tired,dangerous more dangerous most dangerous,（,5,）特殊变化,形容词最高级前通常要带有定冠词,the,，但如果形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词等修饰时，,the,要省略；副词最高级前的,the,可省略。,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,原级,比较级,最高级,good/well,better,best,bad/badly/ill,worse,worst,many/much,more,most,little,less,least,far,farther,（距离更远）,farthest,（距离最远）,further,（程度更深，更进一步）,furthest,（最大程度）,old,older,（年纪更大的）,oldest,（年纪最大的）,常用句型,（,1,）两者相等即,A=B,时，可用句型“,A+,谓语动词,+as+,形容词或副词原级,+as+B”,。,如：,I am as tall as Kelly.,He can run as fast as his brother.,注意：,as+,形容词原级,+as=the same+,名词,+as,如：,as old as=the same age as,一样大（年龄）,as tall as=the same height as,一样高,as heavy as=the same weight as,一样重,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,（,2,）两者不等即,A B,时，可用句型“,not as /so+,形容词或副词原级,+as,”,或“,A+,谓语动词,+,形容词或副词比较级,+than+B”,。,如：,I think,Maths,is not as /so interesting as English.,=I think,Maths,is less interesting than English.,=I think English is more interesting than,Maths,.,注意：,比较级前可用,a little,，,a bit,，,a lot,，,much,，,far,，,even,，,still,等修饰。,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,表示“,A,是,B,的,倍”时，可用句型“,A+,谓语动词,+,倍数,+as+,形容词或副词原级,+as+B,”,或“,A+,谓语动词,+,倍数,+,比较级,+than+B,”,。,如：,Our school is four times as big as theirs.,=Our school is three times bigger than theirs.,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,表示“越来越,”,时，用“形容词或副词比较级,+and+,形容词加副词比较级”。,如：,He is becoming taller and taller.,She is getting more and more beautiful.,注意,：,此结构多与,get,和,become,的进行时或,turn,的一般现在时连用。,表示“越,，就越,”,时，用“,the+,比较级,，,the+,比较级,”,。如：,The busier she is,the happier she feels.,The more books you read,the more knowledge you will get.,表示“两者中较,的一个”时，可用句型“,A+,谓语动词,+the+,比较级,+of the two,”,。如：,He is the taller of the two boys.,She is the cleverer of the twins.,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,三者或三者以上比较时，可用句型“,A+,谓语动词,+the+,最高级,+of /in /among+,比较范围”。,如：,It is the most interesting book of all.,He is the tallest in his class /among those three boys.,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,8.,表示“最,的,之一”时，可用句型,“,A+,谓语动词,+one of the+,形容词最高级,+,名词复数”。,如：,Escape Plan is one of the most popular bands.,9.,表示“第几,的事物”时，可用句型“,A+,谓语动词,+the+,序数词,+,形容词最高级,+,名词”。,如：,The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.,比较级的形式表示最高级的含义时，可用句型“,A+,谓语动词,+,比较级,+than any other+,单数名词”或“,A+,谓语动词,+,比较级,+the other+,复数名词”。,如：,China is larger than any other country in Asia.,（同范围比较）,=China is larger than the other countries in Asia.,注意：,不同范围比较时，不用,other,。如：,China is larger than any country in Africa.,=China is larger than all the counties in Africa.,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,即学即练,用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。,Have a nice time,dear,and drive _ (careful).,Beijing is a _(large)city than Hong Kong.,I can work out the problem _(easy).,Of the two girls,Linda is _(nice).,Who jumped _(far)of all in the long jump?,Im _(true)sorry to bother you.,Computer is _(wide)used in the world.,Which is _(strong),a tiger,an elephant or a lion?,Im 2 months _(young)than you.,It is just as _(cold)today as it was yesterday.,考点六：形容词和副词的,比较级和最高级,carefully,larger,easily,nicer,the farthest,truly,widely,the strongest,younger,cold,祝福筑梦路上的所有考生，加油！,感谢使用,