二轮复习英语考点五-连词与介词——语言学习的基础.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,核心考点五连词与介词,语言学习的基础,【,考向聚焦,】,历,年高考题中至少有一道题要考到连词或介词。介词的考查形式多样，除了单纯考查介词外，还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外，在定语从句中，也常考查,“,介词关系代词,”,的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高，如,with,，,beyond,。连词考查较多的有：,but,和,while,，,“,祈使句,and/or,并列句,”,中的,and,和,or,；另外，,for,作为并列连词的用法也是一考点。,见,Word,版考点真题研练,【,典例,2】He invited me to a dance after the show _ Christmas Eve.(2009,陕西,),A,at B,on C,in D,by,解析,考查介词的用法。,at Christmas,表示在圣诞期间；介词,on,后接具体的某一天。此处表示在圣诞节前夕，故用介词,on,。,答案,B,【,典例,3】,Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _ name,not case number.,(2010,江西,),A,of B,as C,by D,with,解析,句意：如今一些医院以名字来叫病人，而不是以病历号。考查固定短语。,by,表,“,方式,”,。,A,：表示所属关系；,B,：,“,作为,”,；,D,：,“,用,”,，后面加所用的工具。,答案,C,【,典例,4】,_ the crisis of economy getting more and more serious,the government is searching for ways to improve peoples life.,(2013,扬州调研,),A,As B,With C,When D,If,解析,句意：随着经济危机变得越来越严重，政府正在想方设法改善人们的生活。这里,the crisis of economy getting more and more serious,是一个短语，所以应该用介词,with,，表示伴随；而,as,when,和,if,后面都要跟句子。,答案,B,2,Luckily,，,the bullet narrowly missed the captain _ an inch.,A,by B,at C,to D,from,解析,句意：子弹以一寸之差未击中上尉的头部。,by,可表示时间、空间、距离等数量的相差，其他介词无此用法。,答案,A,3,A great person is always putting others interests _ his own.,A,below B,above C,in D,on,解析,句意：伟人总是把他人的利益置于个人利益之上。,above,意为,“,在,上方,”,符合句意。,答案,B,介词,with,的用法主要有,1,表示,“,和,在一起,”,，,“,由,陪同,”,或,“,有,在场,”,The students went to the farm with their teachers.,学生们与他们的老师一起去了农场。,2,表示,“,随着,”,With time passing,they have grown into big boys and big girls.,随着时间的流逝，他们已经长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。,【,典例,5】,When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.,(2011,湖北，,30),A,in terms of B,in need of,C,in favor of D,in praise of,介词短语,解析,句意：在被问到他们对校长的看法时，很多老师说他们宁愿看到他让贤于更年轻的人。考查介词短语辨析。句中的,step aside,表示,“,让位，让开,”,，后面接介词短语,in favor of,表示这些老师更赞成起用更年轻的人。,A.,就,而言；,B.,需要；,D.,表扬，称赞。,答案,C,【,典例,7】,We give dogs time,space and love we can spare,and _,，,dogs give us their all.,(2010,江西,),A,in all B,in fact C,in short D,in return,解析,“,介词名词,”,构成的固定短语也是高考的常考点，因此，熟记介词短语的意义是辨析语意的关键。常见的介词短语主要由,by,for,in,on,等,“,活跃介词名词,”,构成，如,by chance/accident(,偶然,),，,on purpose(,故意,),，,in return(,反过来,),，选,D,。,答案,D,5,Do you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?,A,at B,on C,to D,across,解析,考查介词。句意：你觉得这件衬衣的肩部是不是太紧了？,across,表示,“,从一边到另一边,”,，符合句意。,答案,D,6,An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are _ it.,A,against B,for C,to D,with,解析,考查介词的用法。句意：达成协议似乎不可能，因为大多数委员会成员反对。,against,“,反对,”,，符合句意。,答案,A,7,The furniture,，,with its modern style and bright colors,，,suits modern houses and their gardens,，,but looks _ in the garden of a traditional home.,A,out of question B,out of order,C,out of sight D,out of place,解析,考查介词短语辨析。句意：这款家具款式时尚，颜色鲜艳，适合放在现代化的房子和花园里，但是放在传统住宅的花园里就显得不伦不类了。,out of question,“,没问题,”,；,out of order,“,出故障,”,；,out of sight,“,看不见,”,；,out of place,“,不适当，不得体,”,。,答案,D,1,动词介词,account for,说明,agree on,对,达成协议,begin with,以,开始,come across,碰见,go into,调查,keep from,阻止,look for,寻找,stand for,代表,agree with,同意,(,某人意见,),answer for,对,负责,wait for,等待,decide on,对,作出决定,head for,向,前进,live on,靠,生活,look into,调查,stick to,坚持,agree to,同意,(,某种安排等,),aim at,针对,call for,要求,get into,进入,hear from,接到,的信、电话,look after,照顾,run into,碰到,wait on,招待,2,动词副词介词,add up to,合计达,come up with,提出,get on with,与,相处融洽,look down upon,看不起,look up to,敬仰,(,某人,),put up with,忍受,come up against,遭到反对,do away with,废除,keep up with,跟上,look forward to,盼望,make up for,弥补,stand out for,坚决要求,come up to,达到,get down to,开始认真考虑,live up to,不辜负,(,期望,),look out for,当心,run out of,用完,stick out for,坚持要求,【,典例,8】,We hadnt planned to meet.We met _ chance.,A,of B,in C,for D,by,解析,by chance,为固定搭配，意为,“,偶然,”,。,答案,D,含有介词的成语,【,典例,9】,His efforts to raise money for his program were _ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.,A,in place B,in sight C,in effect D,in vain,解析,句意：他为这个项目筹集资金的努力徒劳无功，因为没有人愿意从腰包里掏一分钱。,in vain,意为,“,徒劳,”,，符合句意。,答案,D,【,典例,10】,I would like a job which pays more,，,but _ I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment.,A,in other words B,on the other hand,C,for one thing D,as a matter of fact,解析,句意：我想得到一份薪水更高的工作，但另一方面我也很喜欢目前正做的这份工作。,on the other hand,意为,“,另一方面,”,，符合句意。,答案,B,9,Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _ food safety problems.,A,in B,to C,on D,after,解析,考查介词。句意：有时候，解决食品安全问题的答案并不太难寻求。,answer to,表示,“,(,问题,),的答案,”,，是固定搭配。本句中的,food safety problems,被从,proper answers,的后面移至现在的位置，从而加大了此题的解题难度。,答案,B,揭密常考的介词成语,(,1,),含有,at,的成语,at a time,一次,at least,至少,at the same time,同时,at all costs,不惜一切代价,at most,至多,at times,有时候,at first,最初,at once,立即,at will,任意地,at last,最后,at present,目前,at work,起作用,(,2,),含有,by,的成语,by accident,偶然,by day/night,白天,/,夜间,by heart,能背诵,by turns,轮流,by birth,出身,by no means,绝不,by chance,偶然,by mistake,错误地,by the way,顺便说一下,by chance,偶然,by mistake,错误地,by the way,顺便说一下,(,5,),含有,out of,的成语,out of breath,气喘吁吁,out of date,过时,out of order,发生故障,out of patience,失去耐心,out of work,失业,out of control,失去控制,out of doors,在户外,out of question,毫无疑问,out of reach,拿不到,out of the question,不可能,out of danger,脱险,out of fashion,不合时尚,out of luck,倒霉,out of shape,变形,out of touch,失去联系,【,典例,11】,Find ways to praise your children often,，,_ youll find they will open their hearts to you.,(2011,山东,),A,till B,or C,and D,but,解析,句意：设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。考查并列连词。从句意连贯判断应用,and,表顺承关系。,答案,C,并列连词,【,典例,12】,They wanted to charge$5,000 for the car,_we managed to bring the price down.,A,but B,so C,when D,since,解析,两个分句之间是转折关系，故用并列连词,but,。,答案,A,【,典例,13】,In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children.,A,but B,while C,because D,though,解析,此处是对,women,和,men,的分工进行对比，故用,while,，而不用,but,。,答案,B,【,典例,14】John plays basketball well,，,_ his favorite is badminton.,A,so B,or C,yet D,for,解析,yet,是并列连词，表示转折。,答案,C,【,典例,15】,He found it increasingly difficult to read,，,_ his eyesight was beginning to fail.,A,though B,For C,but D,so,解析,for,在此引出表示原因的并列分句。,答案,B,【,典例,16】,Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better.,A,but B,till C,and D,or,解析,此并列句的结构为,“,祈使句,and,陈述句,”,。祈使句表示条件，,and,在此引出表示结果的并列分句。,答案,C,10,Try to read stories in English and speak in English whenever you can,，,_ you will see more progress over time.,A,but B,or C,and D,so,解析,这是一个,“,祈使句,and,陈述句,”,结构。后面的陈述句表达的是前面祈使句顺承的结果，所以用,and,。,答案,C,11,I wonder how much you charge for your services.,The first two are free _ the third costs$30.,A,while B,until C,when D,before,解析,while,是并列连词，表示对比，意为,“,而,”,。,答案,A,12,It is often said that the joy of traveling is _ in arriving at your destination _ in the journey itself.,A,/,；,but B,/,；,or C,not,；,or D,not,；,but,解析,not.but.,构成固定句式，意为,“,不,而,”,，,but,为并列连词。,答案,D,13,I thought wed be late for the concert,，,_ we ended up getting there ahead of time.,A,but B,or C,so D,for,解析,两个分句在意义上是转折关系，故用,but,。,答案,A,14,You have failed two tests.Youd better start working harder,_you wont pass the course.,A,and B,so C,but D,or,解析,考查,“,祈使句,and/or,陈述句,”,。因为祈使句与后面的陈述句所表达的内容是对立的关系，故用,or(,否则,),。,答案,D,15,Help others whenever you can_you will make the world a nicer place to live in.,A,and B,so C,but D,or,解析,此并列句的结构为,“,祈使句,and,陈述句,”,。,and,意为,“,那么,”,，引出表示结果的并列分句。,答案,A,做并列连词的,when,和,while,(1)when,还可用作并列连词，其意思为,“,这时，那时,”,，相当于,and at this/that time,。常用于下列句式：,sb was doing sth when.sb was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth when.sb had just done sth when.,如：,We were having a meeting when someone broke in.,我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。,We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.,我们正打算动身，这时突然下起了雨。,(2)while,作为并列连词，意为,“,而，却,”,，表示对比。如：,He likes pop music,，,while I am fond of folk music.,他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。,见,Word,版考点模拟训练,