海事基础英语综合教程第二册Unit8-Ship-Structure-and-Equipment.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 8,Ship Structure and Equipment,Part,Warming-up Activities,A,B,C,D,1.,Forecastle,（,A,）,2.,Cabin,（,B,）,3.,Engine Room,(C),4,Bridge,（,D,）,Part,Text A:,Ship Structure,Section 1:Background Information,Section 2:Text explanation,1.Key words and expressions,2.Key sentence analysis,3.Text translation,keel,Section 1:Background Information,Paragraph 1,Translation,1.船的最前端称为艏，船的最尾端则称为艉，艏与艉之间的部分称为舯。船宽是指船的两边之间的距离,。,1.strength,n.,the quality of being physically or mentally strong;or the ability that sth has to resist force or hold heavy weights without breaking or being damaged;a quality or ability that that a person or thing has that gives them an advantage力量,强度,优点,e.g,.,He didnt have the strength to walk any further.,他再也走不动了。,The strength of a rope 绳子的强度,The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths.能够保持冷静是她的诸多优点之一。,2.rigidity,n.,刚性；刚度,e.g.,the rigidity of the metal bar 这个金属栅栏的坚固性,Paragraph 2,Key words and expressions,Paragraph 2,Translation,2.船体包含船的外壳以及组成船壳的所有部件，这些部件将船分成多个舱室，并使船体牢固。,2.buoyancy,n.,the tendency to float in water or other liquid,浮力,浮性,e.g.,Each of the balloons has its own buoyancy.,每一个气球有它自己的浮力。,3.stability,n.,U the quality or state of being steady and not changing or being disturbed in any way,稳定（性）；稳固（性）,e.g.,social stability,社会稳定,Paragraph 3,Key words and expressions,Paragraph 3,Translation,3.船的三个最基本的要求是浮力、强度和稳定性,。,Paragraph 4,Key words and expressions,3.horizontal,adj,.flat and level;going across and parallel to the ground rather than going up and down,水平的；横的,e.g.,horizontal and vertical lines,横线和竖线,4.while,conj.,used to contrast two things(,对比两件事物,),而，,然而,e.g.,Some courses in college are required while others are optional.,大学里有的课程是必修的，然而有的是选修的,。,Paragraph 4,Translation,4.船壳板是船的外皮，由很多的钢板通过焊接而成。水平的板称为船体列板，船体列板通常从靠近龙骨的那一行开始用字母A、B、C、D来标记。挨着龙骨的这块列板称为龙骨翼板，最上面的船体列板则称为舷顶列板。船壳最重要的两点是水密性和强度。,1.corresponding to,adj,.matching or connected with sth that you have just mentioned,符合的，相应的，相关的,e.g.,Give each picture a number corresponding to its position on the page.,按所在页面位置给每一幅图片编上相对应的,的,号码。,2.construct,v.,often passive to build or make,sth,such as a road,building or machine,建造；修建,e.g.,When was the bridge constructed?,那座桥是什么时候修建的？,Paragraph 5,Key words and expressions,5.vertical,adj.,upright in position or posture,垂直的；顶点的,e.g.,The vertical line meets the horizontal one here.,垂直线与水平线在此相交。,vertical distribution,垂直分布,7.depend on/upon,依赖，依靠,e.g.,Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.,小孩依赖他们的父母供给衣食。,Paragraph 5,Key words and expressions,Paragraph 5,Key sentence analysis,(6)The transverse vertical plates dividing these tanks into sections are called floors,分词结构,dividing these tanks into sections作the transverse vertical plates,的定语，该现在分词结构相当于一个定语从句。使用分词结构做定语能使句子更简洁。,e.g.,A little child,learning to walk,often falls.,Paragraph 5,Translation,5.,平板龙骨是指船底沿中线从船艏一直延伸到船艉的一行龙骨。甲板相当于房屋的地板，是由钢板建成的平底框架。建在离船底壳,3-4,英尺间的甲板叫做内底或舱顶板，因为在这两个截面的钢板之间是双层底舱，该舱用与于盛放燃料、污水压舱水等。横向分割这些舱位的横扳叫做肋板。纵梁是安装在船的各个不同部位的大梁或是角钢来增加承重力。根据纵梁在船的不同位置，它们可以被称为舭部纵桁，舷侧纵桁和舱纵肋等。,1.partition,n.,a vertical structure that divides or separates(as a wall divides one room from another),划分，隔离物,e.g.,The key to resolve the problem is elaborate partition for time and manpower.,解决这个问题的关键是精心划分时间和人力。,2.stiffen,v.,become stiff or stiffer,使变硬；使粘稠,e.g.,The promise of a reward might stiffen their resolve.,答应给他们奖励可以坚定他们的决心。,Paragraph 6,Key words and expressions,3.port,n,.a place(seaport or airport)where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country;the left side of a ship or aircraft to someone who is aboard and facing the bow or nose 港口;(船、飞机的)左舷,e.g,.,Ships must follow the channel into the port.船只必须沿航道进入港口。,But Hong Kong is different from Taiwan in that it is a free port.香港与台湾不同，香港是自由港。,The ship is leaning over to port.船正向左舷倾斜。,Paragraph 6,Key words and expressions,Paragraph 6,Translation,6.舱壁是用钢板铆接或是焊接在一起并由角钢、T型钢等加固而成的大隔板。它们将船从前至后或是从左舷至右舷分割成隔间，这些舱壁也可能穿过两层甚至更多层的甲板。,Paragraph 7,Key words and expressions,1.fasten,v.,cause to be firmly attached,拴紧,使固定,e.g.,Do not fasten all the windows up while you sleep.,睡觉时不要将所有的窗户都关紧。,Paragraph 7,Key words and expressions,2.extend up to,(1)extend,v.,stretch out over a distance,space,time,or scope;run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point,延伸,伸展,e.g.,Our playing fields extend as far as those trees.,我们的操场延伸到那些树前。,(2)up to,直到,多达,e.g.,This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.,这旅馆可供,500,位来宾住宿。,Paragraph 7,Translation,7.艏是通过船首的,底部铸件,被固定在龙骨的最前端并向上突出超过船头的船体部分。船架是船的肋骨状的骨架。肋骨形成船的形状，同时支撑和加固船壳板。肋板通过肘板被固定在从船底到肋板的外端以及从顶到甲板大梁的位置。,Paragraph 8,Key words and expressions,1.longitudinal,adj.,of or relating to lines of longitude,经线的，纵向的,;,【,船舶学,】,(,船体等,),纵向构件，纵桁，纵骨,e.g,.,longitudinal gradient,纵向坡度；纵坡,2.connection,n.,the state of being connected,连接,e.g.,How long will the connection of the telephone take?,接通电话需要多长时间呢,?,Paragraph 8,Key words and expressions,5.a series of,(1)series,n.similar things placed in order or happening one after another,（单复同）系列,丛书,连续,e.g,.,The lecture series falls naturally into three parts.,该系列讲座分作三部分。,(2)a series of,一系列,一连串,e.g.,Water is channeled through a series of irrigation canals.,把水引入一系列灌溉渠中。,Paragraph 8,Key words and expressions,6.embarkation,n.,the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft 乘船,搭机,e.g.,Embarkation will be at 14:20 hours.上船时间是14:20。,embarkation notice乘船通知,embarkation point 登轮地点;乘客码头,embarkation area 装货区,Paragraph 8,Key words and expressions,7.disembarkation,n.,the act of passengers and crew getting off of a ship or aircraft,下船,，,下机,e.g.,You have to present your passport and disembarkation card to the immigration officer.您得向移民局官员出示您的护照及入境旅客登记卡。,port of disembarkation离船港,Paragraph 8-9,Translation,8.甲板是通过横梁和大梁来支撑的。横梁和大梁起着连接和加固的作用。船艉楼甲板和其上的驾驶甲板通过升降口的楼梯连接。艏楼甲板位于船的最前端，装有船的起锚机和系船绞车。船的舷梯由台阶和扶手构成连接船岸，方便安全地上下船。,9.艉柱是船体最后端的直立构件。,Part,Exercises,Section 1:Comprehension,Section 2:Vocabulary,Section 3:Grammar,Section 4:Translation,1.What is the after end of the ship called?,It is called stern.,2.What is the halfway between bow and stern called?,It is called amidships.,3.What are the three basic requirements of a ship?,The basic requirements of a ship are buoyancy,strength and stability.,4.What are usually lettered“A B C D”?,Strakes are usually lettered“A B C D”.,5.What is the essential material for the ship?,Its steel.,Section 1:Comprehension,1,),After,riveting,is completed,the joints on the shell of a vessel are generally made watertight by caulking.,2)El Abbasa(Sweet Water)Canal,extends,from River Nile at Cairo to Suez Canal at Ismailia.,3)Most propellers on merchant vessels,are constructed,of manganese bronze,4)In vessel construction,beams are,transverse,girders which provide support to decks.,5)A vessel is described as a two compartment vessel when it will,float,if any two adjacent compartments are flooded.,1.Fill in the blank,Section 2:Vocabulary,6)The shell plating is made up of a great many steel plates,fastened,together by welding.,7)The,deck,water seal of the inert gas system prevents the backflow of hydrocarbon gasses into nonhazardous areas.,8)The permanent dunnage attached to the,frames,of the ship that aids in ventilation is(are)the Sweat battens.,9)Strakes are usually,lettered,A-B-C-D,etc.,beginning with the row next to the keel.,10)In vessel construction,the garboard strake,is located,next to and parallel to the keel.,1.Fill in the blank,Section 2:Vocabulary,2.,suffixes,Section 2:Vocabulary,adjectives,Nouns,adjectives,Verbs,stable,stability,soft,soften,able,ability,fasten,fasten,responsible,responsibility,wide,widen,transferable,transferability,bright,brighten,sensible,sensibility,light,lighten,1)plate,plating,a)In vessel construction,beam brackets are triangular,plates,that join the deck beam to a frame.,b)Lighter longitudinal stiffening frames on the vessel side,plating,are called stringers.,2)weld,welding,a)Before,welding,can be done in a tank that has carried petroleum products,a certificate must be obtained from a certified gas chemist.,b)The welds used to join shell plates in flush construction are known as butt,welds,.,3)cast,casting,a)I am ready to,cast,off tow line,b)A chock is a,casting,fitted at the side of a weather deck used,3.Fill in the blanks,Section 2:Vocabulary,Francis Drake grew up,in,Plymouth,a town,on,the south coast of England.As a boy he liked to watch the ships,in,Plymouth harbor.He spoke to old sailors and listened to his cousin Captain Hawkins,who told him stories,of,his adventures,at,sea.,Hawkins was fond of his young cousin Francis and took him,into,his service,for,several years.Drake was a sailor on Captain Hawkins ship,at,the age of twenty-five.Drake was made a mate.In 1577 Drake set out,on,his famous voyage,around,the world.His first goal was to cross the Atlantic and pass the Straits of Magellan.His little fleet of five vessels set sail in Plymouth in November.,Prepositions,Section 3:Grammar,1)A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid anchoring in areas near the termination of the scheme.,使用分道通航制区域的船舶应尽可能避开分隔线或分隔带。,2)CAN YOU BEACH means can you run the vessel upon a beach to prevent its sinking in deep water?,你能冲滩吗,意思是你能把船开到沙滩上以防止她沉没在深水中吗？,3)In case of accidents involving the risk of sinking,all effective measures shall be taken to steer clear of the fairway to avoid impeding the traffic.,为了避免陷于沉船事故的危险中，应采取所有有效的措施驶离航道以避免妨碍交通。,1.English Chinese,Section 4:Translation,4)Sometimes a tropical storm moves so slowly that a vessel，if astern of it，can run into it,有时候热带风暴移动缓慢，以至在其后面的船舶会撞上它。,5)The region of high pressure extending around the Earth at about 35N latitude is called the horse latitudes.,在环绕地球,35N地面的高压区域被称为盛行西风带。,1.English Chinese,Section 4:Translation,1)在船舶结构中，龙骨翼板列板是靠近和平行于龙骨的。,In vessel construction,the garboard strake is located next to and parallel to the keel.,2)GM,是船舶的初始稳性。,GM is a measure of only the initial stability of a vessel.,3)去年我们已对起货机做了大修。,We had the winch overhauled last year,4)压载水保持船舶的稳定性。,Ballast water is the water to keep the ships stability,5)浮力衡量一艘船舶的漂浮能力。,Buoyancy is a measure of the ships ability to float.,2.Chinese English,Section 4:Translation,