初中英语语法-虚拟语气.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/3,#,Subjunctive Mood,中学英语语法讲解,第1页,1.英语动词有三种语气，陈说语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。（见书本P 170页）。,2.定义：用来表示说话不是事实，或者是不可能发生情况，而是一个愿望，提议，假设语气叫虚拟语气。,第2页,一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中使用方法,条件从句,If 从句谓语形式,主句谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,did/were,had done,would/could/should/might+V.(原),would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.did/were,2.should do,3.were to do,would/could/should/,might+V.(原),第3页,1.If I,had,HIV,I,would know,because I would feel sick.,2.If I,were,you,I,would give,AIDS patient a hug.,3.If I,had taken,your advice,I,wouldnt have made,a mistake.,4.If he,had been,there,it,wouldnt have happened,.,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,第4页,5.If it,should rain,tomorrow,they,wouldnt go,for an outing.,6.I think we,could do,it,if we,planed,it properly and could borrow the tools.,7.If we,were to have,three days off,we would enjoy a very happy life.,与未来事实相反,第5页,二、虚拟语气特殊句型：,wish,+,宾语从句,现在：,过去：,未来：,过去时(did/were),过去完成时(had done),would/could/might+V.,should,I wish I were a bird.,(现在),I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.,(过去),We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,(未来),第6页,2.would rather that-,现在：,过去：,未来：,I would rather you paid me now.,(现在),I would rather you had gone,too.,(过去),Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.,(未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,第7页,3.as if/though+,从句,现在：,过去：,过去时,过去完成时,He looks as if he,were,drunk.,They talked as if they,had been,friends for years,.,She loves the baby as if it,were,her own son.,It seems as if it,were,spring.,I remember the whole thing as if it,had happened,yesterday.,第8页,4.Its(about/high)time+that-,should+V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Its high time that you went.,Its high time that you were going.,Its high time that you should go.,Its time that we went to bed.,Its time that we should go to bed.,第9页,5.,表示要求，命令，提议虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词：,一个,坚持,：,insist,两个,命令,：,order,command,三个,提议,：,advise,suggest,propose,四个,要求,：,demand,require,request,desire,这些动词后面宾语从句要使用虚拟语气使用方法。即从句中动词 使用,should+动词原形，或者将should省略,。,第10页,我们提议,Tom,去休息一下。,他果断要求我到场。,国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。,他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,We suggested that Tom,(should)have,a rest.,He insisted that I,(should)be,present.,The king ordered that the prisoners,(should)be killed,the next day.,They requested that we,(should)send,them to work there.,第11页,以上动词对应名词组成名词性从句（包含主语从句，表语从句和同位语）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中动词形式一样。,order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,第12页,Its suggested that the plan,be carried out,.,My demand is that she,should come,to see me once a week.,All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory,should be,closed down.,第13页,6.without和but for 组成虚拟。(but for要不是),Without sunlight,peoples life,would be,different from today.,But for your help,I,wouldnt have finished,the work.,Without your help,I,would have failed,.,But for water,it,would be,impossible to live in the desert.,第14页,7.If only,(要是就好了),If only I,knew,his name!,If only we,had followed,your advice!,If only I,could see,him again!,要是我们父母能和我们住在一起就好了。,要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parents,could live,with us!,If only I,hadnt missed,the train!,第15页,8.,Its necessary/strange/natural/important+that-,从句中动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形,It is important that we,(should)master,a foreign language.,It is strange that she,refuse,to come to the party.,Its necessary that we,should study,hard.,第16页,9.,Its+high time+that-,从句中动词要用虚拟，即 should+动词原形.也可用动词过去时态。,It is high time that we should pay more,attention to our environment.,It is high time that we payed more attention to our environment.,第17页,10.一些简单句固定句型：,Heaven,help,him!,God,bless,you!,May,you,succeed,!,Long,live,the Peoples Republic of China!,第18页,三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生时间与主句所假设谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句谓语动词要依照假设时间而顶。,If the weather had been finer,the crops would be growing still better.,If you had followed the teachers advice,you wouldnt be in the hospital.,第19页,2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词能够把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。,If I were you,I would give it up.,Were I you,I would give it up.,If it were not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,Were it not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,第20页,If I had had time,I would have run round that lake again.,Had I had time,I would have run round that lake again.,If there should be a flood,what should we do?,Should there be a flood,what should we do?,第21页,