高中英语-Unit-2-Language-Grammar-and-usage.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit 2,第1页,Unit 2 Language,第2页,Noun clauses introduced by question words&Preparatory subject it,Grammar and usage,第3页,That,the earth is round is a fact.,Mrs.Black wont believe,that,her son,has become a thief.,My idea is,that,we should do it right,now.,I had no idea,that,you were her friend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I.名词从句种类,第4页,II.Tell the function of the following,sentences.,1.The fact,that,Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.,d,a.subject b.object c.predicative d.appositive,第5页,2.The question is whether it is worth,doing.,3.Some people feel that Wales is an,ancient fairy land.,4.That he will come is certain.,5.They realize that it is of great,value to record and teach them to,the younger generation.,6.Why he did it wasnt quite clear.,c,b,b,a,a,第6页,We can use the following question words to introduce noun clauses:,what,which,who/whom,whose,when,where,why,and,how,.,III.Noun Clauses introduced by,question words:,第7页,We use a question word to introduce,a noun clause.The clause can function,as the,subject,object or predicative,of the sentence.,第8页,1.,Where does a person come from,?,This will affect his or her style of speech.,=Where a person comes from,will affect,his or her style of speech.,wh,-question,subject,第9页,2.,Why does English have such strange rules,?You can begin to see it!,=You can begin to see,why English has such strange,rules,!,wh,-question,object,第10页,3.Why does English have so many difficult rules that confuse people?That is the reason.,=That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.,wh,-question,predicative,第11页,In a noun clause that is introduced by a question word,we change the word order into that of a statement.,We cannot leave out the question words in noun clauses.,第12页,在复合句中作主句主语。引导词有连词that(that,不可省)，whether；代词有who，what，which；副词 when，where，how，why 等。,IV.主语从句,第13页,e.g._the earth moves around the sun,is well known.,地球绕着太阳转是众所周知事。,_and where he was born is a,question.他何时何地出生是个问题。,_he will come or not is not,known yet.他是否回来还不知道。,That,When,Whether,第14页,在复合句中作主句宾语。引导词有连词that(,that 常可省略),，whether，if；代词有who，whose，what，which；副词 when，where，how，why 等。,V.宾语从句,第15页,e.g.We believe,_,he is honest.,我们相信他是老实。,Can you tell,_dictionary is hers?,你能告诉她哪个字典是她吗？,I really dont know _he is doing.,我真不知道他在干嘛。,(that),which,what,第16页,在复合句中作主句表语。引导词有连词that(that,不可省)，whether；代词有who，what，which；副词 when，where，how，why 等。,VI.表语从句,第17页,e.g.The problem is _we didnt get,in touch with him.,问题是我们没有联络上他。,The question is _Henry solved the,problem.,问题是亨利怎么处理这个问题。,His suggestion is _we(should)finish,the work at once.,他提议是我们应该马上完成工作。,that,how,that,第18页,注意：,假如句子主语是suggestion，advice，order 等名词时，后面引导表语从句用_+动词原形，_可省略。,should,should,第19页,在句中起同位语作用。普通放在名词 fact，news，idea，promise，thought，suggestion等之后，用以说明或解释前面名词。引导词有连词 that；少数情况下也可用连接副词等。,VII.同位语从句,第20页,e.g.Thenews _,hishealthisfailing,madeussad.他健康情况不佳消,息使我们极难过。,Ihavenoidea_theyare,spendingtheirholidays.,我不知道他们在哪里度假。,Thereisnodoubt_,hewillcome,hereagain.,他会再来这里，这是毫无疑问。,that,where,that,第21页,注意：,名词suggestion，advice，order等词后同位语从句谓语动词要用_+动词原形，_可省略。,should,should,第22页,Read the diary on Page 28 and decide,what sentence element each highlighted noun clause is in its sentence.Indicate in the boxes with S s(subject),O(object)or P(predicative).,Answers:,1._ 2._ 3._,4._ 5._,O,S,P,O,P,第23页,Read the article on Page 29 and fill,in the blanks with suitable question,words.,Answers:,1._ 2._ 3._,4._ 5._ 6._,7._ 8._,why,What,which,why,how,who,How,Which,第24页,Do you remember _ he came?,Yes,I do.He came by car.,a.how b.when c.that d.if,2._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.,a.If b.Whether c.That d.Where,a,b,Choose the best answer.,及时练,第25页,3.Ask her _ come with us.a.if she will b.if will she,c.whether she d.whether will she,4._ we cant understand is _ he didnt join us in our discussion.a.That;why b.Which;how c.What;what d.What;why,a,d,第26页,Grammar and usage(2)Preparatory subject it,第27页,Look at the following sentences and find the real subject of each sentence.,1.It is important for us to learn it well.,2.It is important that we should learn,English well today.,3.It is no use wasting your time reading,such books all day.,第28页,Sometimes in English the subject of a sentence is very long,making the sentence awkward and difficult to understand.One way of making the sentence easier to understand is to use the preparatory subject,it,.With the preparatory subject,it,the subject is moved to the end of the sentence,and,it,is used in its place at the start of the sentence.,第29页,1.We can use,it,as an,empty subject,A.when we use a noun clause as the,subject of a sentence.,e.g.,That we would not be able to,understand Old English today,is,certain.,=(preferable),It is certain that,we,would not be able to understand Old,English today.,第30页,Whether English will keep on changing,in the future,is easy to answer.,=(preferable),It is easy to answer,whether English will keep on changing in the future.,第31页,When we can set off,depends on the,weather.,=(preferable),It depends on,weather,when we can set off.,第32页,1.It+be+,adj.,(true,certain,possible,obvious,likely)that,2.It+be+,noun,phrase(no wonder,an honor,a pity,)that,3.It+be+past participle(said,reported,expected,announced)that,4.It+seems/appears that,5.It doesnt matter that,it 作形式主语句型:,第33页,e.g.,To learn a foreign language,is a,challenging task.,=(preferable),It is a challenging task,to learn a foreign language.,To gain access to the Internet,is,important for us.,=(preferable),It is important,for us,to gain access to the Internet.,B.when the subject is a,to-infinitive,.,第34页,C.when the subject is a,v-ing form,.,e.g.,It is fun,wandering in the countryside.,=(preferable),Wandering in the,countryside,is fun.,It takes up,a lot of my time travelling,to Beijing.,=(preferable),Travelling to Beijing,takes up,a lot of my time.,第35页,2.It can also be used before,seem,appear,happen,turn out,and,prove,as,the preparatory subject of a sentence.,e.g.It,seems,that he is enthusiastic,about drawing.,=He seems to be enthusiastic about,drawing.,第36页,It,happens,that my new neighbor,comes from my home town.,=My new neighbor happens to come,from my home town.,第37页,3.We usually use the preparatory subject,it,with a clause or,to,infinitive,(preferable),but with the verb-,ing,form,we prefer the real subject at the,beginning.,e.g.,It,is a good idea,to make an official,statement about the incident,.,=,Making an official statement about,the incident is,a good idea.,第38页,Read the dialogue on Page 31 and rewrite the sentences in yellow,using the preparatory subject,it,.,Answers:,2._,_,_,It requires a good understanding of,their behaviour to know what they,mean.,第39页,3._,_,4._,_,It always puzzles me why my dog,barks in certain ways.,It wont be difficult to buy a machine,like this.,第40页,Read the letter on Page 31 and rewrite the underlined sentences using the preparatory subject,it,.,Answers:,2._,_.,It happens that several racial groups,live in Singapore.,第41页,3._,_,_,4._,It is fun to hear different people,speaking different languages all at,the same time.,It is certain that Ill see you next week.,第42页,1.乘宇宙飞船去月球是可能。,It is possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship.,Translation these sentences into English.,第43页,2.他似乎已经知道问题答案。,It seems that he has known the answer to the problem.,3.我们在哪儿听汇报还没定。,It hasnt been decided where well listen to the report.,第44页,用that或what完成以下句子。,1._ he wants is a book.,2._ he wants to go there is obvious.,3.Is _ he told us true?,4.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.,5.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,what,what,what,What,That,第45页,Tips:,that只起连接主从句功效，不作成份，而what不但起连接作用，还在从句中作主语或宾语等成份。,第46页,依据句意填入恰当词。,1.This is _ the whole city is fed.,2.I am going,anyway._ youll go with me is up to you.,3._ caused the fire in the lab is still a secret.,4.His success was due to the fact _ he knew how to make good use of time.,how,Whether,What/Who,that,第47页,5.The rule _ boys mustnt have long,hair is often mentioned in our school.,_ breaks it will be punished.,6.Have you made _ clear _ the,form is to be handed in by Friday?,7.Why not try your luck downtown,Bob?Thats _ the best jobs are.,that,Whoever,it,that,where,第48页,8.Do _ you believe is right and,keep on trying until you make it.,9.You can only be sure of _ you,have at present;you cannot be sure of,something _ you might get in the future.,10.You should stick to _ you have,begun until you finish it.,what,whatever,what,that,第49页,Do C1 and C2 on Page 100 of the Workbook.,Preview the next part.,Homework,第50页,