定语从句复习z.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句复习,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause,限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause,非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句的构成,The man,who lives next to us,sells vegetables.,You must do everything,that I do.,I have found the book,which I lost.,I visited the school,where I studied.,关系代词,关系副词,注意事项:,1.从句的位置,:,2.翻译方法,:,3.构成：,先行词,之后,“.,的”,关系词,定语从句后置,The day came at last,when I went to college,.,He laughs best,who laughs last,.,He is the only one of the teachers,who comes,from Qingdao.,先行词和关系词的关系,A plane is a machine,that,can fly.,The boy,who,broke the window is called Tom.,The boy,whose,parents are dead was brought up,by his grandfather.,The school,where,I study is far from my home.,the machine=,that,the boy,=,who,the boys,=,whose,in the school,=,where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词,whose,实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,先行词和关系词的关系,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,the machine,a machine,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that/which,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,The girl,that/who,we saw yesterday is Mary.,指人,指物,主语,宾语,that,which,who,whom,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,指人,指物,主语,宾语,that,which,who,whom,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做,宾语,时可以省略,关系代词的用法练习,1.,The eggs were not fresh.I bought them yesterday.,2.The friend was not hungry.He came to supper last night.,3.He prefers the cheese.It comes from his parents farm.,4.The noodles were delicious.You cooked them.,5.I dont like the people.They smoke a lot.,The eggs,(that/which),I bought,them,were not fresh.,The friend,who/that,he,came to supper last night was not hungry.,.,He prefers the cheese,that/which it,comes from his parents farm.,The noodles,(which/that),you cooked,them,were delicious.,I dont like the people,that/who they,smoke a lot.,关系副词和先行词的关系,I still remember,the day,when,I came here.,This is,the house,where,I lived last year.,There are many,reasons,why,people like traveling.,I dont like,the way,that,you speak.,on,the day=,when,in,the house=,where,for,the reasons=,why,in,the way=,that,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,1.,Ill never forget the days_ we,worked,together.,2.Ill never forget the days _ we,spent,together.,3.I went to the place,I,worked,ten years,ago.,4.I went to the place _ I,visited,ten years ago.,5.This is the reason _ he was late.,6.,This is the reason _ he,gave,.,when/in which,which,where/in which,which,why/for which,that/which,几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,难用的,whose,The teacher praised the student.His English is the best in our class.,The teacher praised the student,whose,English is,the best in our class.,Join the following pair of sentences.,whose=,the student,s,关系词,whose,实际上是先行词的所有格,难用的,whose,The house is mine.The window of the house is broken.,Join the following pair of sentences.,The house,whose,window is broken is mine.,whose=the houses,window,The house is mine.,the window of which,is broken,of which the window,is broken,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful.,Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.,Mr,Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students,.,Please compare:,形式,作用,能否省略,翻译,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful.,Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.,Mr,Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students,.,Please compare:,形式,作用,翻译,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,能,不能,.,的,能否省略,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.,Mr,Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students,.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,The town where I live is beautiful.,Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，,所以不能省略,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.He failed in the exam,.,_ made his parents angry.,3.He failed in the exam,_made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons,.,Both of _ are teachers.,5.He has two sons,both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them,that,1.I am reading Harry Porter,_is an interesting book.,which,as,引导的非限制性定语从句,The earth is round._ is known to all.,The earth is round,_ is known to all.,_ is known to all,the earth is round,_ is known to all,that,the earth is round.,It,as,As,It,as,具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：,as,you know/,as,you see/,as,we planned/,as,we expected,定语从句在句首时只能用,as,as,引导的限制性定语从句,(1),This is the same pen,as,I lost.,This is the same pen,that,I lost.,Please compare:,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,as,引导的限制性定语从句,(2),This is,such,an interesting book _ we all like.,This is,so,interesting a book _ we all like.,This is,such,an interesting book _we all like,it,.,This is,so,interesting a book _we all like,it,.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,(,定语从句,),这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,(,结果状语从句,),as,与,which,引导的定语从句,两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用,as。,1.,关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。,e.g.,As,we all know,the earth is round.,2.,当与,such,或,the same,连用时，一般用,as。,e.g.,Such books,as,you tell me are interesting.,I have the same plan,as,you.,Go on Please!,3.,当从句和主句语义一致时，用,as,，,反之则用,which,。,e.g.,She has married again,as,was expected.,She has married again,which,was unexpected,.,Go on please!,4.,as,在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如,be known,，,be said,，,be reported,等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用,which,作主语。,e.g.,She has been late again,as,was expected.,Tom has made great progress,which,made us happy.,介词,+,关系代词的情况,1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist.,The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,介词,+,关系代词的情况,2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词,+,关系代词的情况,3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词,+,关系代词的情况,3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词,+,关系代词的情况,3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词,+,关系代词的情况,3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词,+,关系代词的情况,3,The man who/whom you spoke,was,a scientist.,The city that/which she lives,is,far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可见,who,、,that,不能用与介词之后,介词,+,关系代词的情况,4,Is this the watch that you are,looking for,?,The old man whom I am,looking after,is better.,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗,?,Can you work them out?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions:,1.The sun gives us heat and light,_ which we cant live.,2.The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.,3.Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.,4.Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?,without,about,on,for,1.,Do you like the book,she spent$10?,2.Do you like the book,she paid$10?,3.Do you like the book,she learned a lot?,4.Do you like the book,she often talks?,5.He built a telescope,he could study the skies.,6.There is a tall tree outside,stands our teacher.,7.China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _,is the Yellow River.,8.The tower _ people can have a good view,is on the hill.,9.The man _ I spoke on the phone last night,is very good at wrestling.,10.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,介词,+,关系代词的情况 练习,1.He did,all/everything,_he could to help me.,2.This is,the very,thing _ I am after.,3.We talked about,the men and the things,_,we remembered at school.,4.He is,the only,man _ can do the work.,5.This is,the first,thing _ I want to say.,6.He is,the finest,man _ I have ever worked,with.,7.,Who,is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.,8.,Which,is the star _ is nearest to the earth.,that,which or who?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,which,whose,whom or who?,9.Is there anything else,_,you want to say?,10.Any person,_,has the money can join the group.,11.He often speaks the role he played in the play,_,made others upset.,12.He opened the door,in front of,_,sat a boy.,13.The man to,_,I spoke is a famous scientist.,14.The boy,_,mother is dead was brought up,by his father.,that,that,which,which,whom,whose,1.当先行词是不定代词或受不定代词修饰时,如,:,All,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything,等,2.当先行词被,the only,the very,the same,little,few,no,any,等修饰时,3.当人和物合做先行词时,4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,5.在疑问词,who,、,which,、,what,开头的句子中.,只能用,that,做关系代词的情况,Which,引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。,e.g.1.She heard a terrible noise,_,brought her heart into her mouth.,A.it B.which C.this D.that,2.The weather turned out to be good,_ was more than we could expect.,A.what B.which C.that D.it,只能用,which,做关系代词的情况,1.在非限制性定语从句中,B,B,2.在介词后面,He paid the boy$10 for washing the windows,most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,A.these B.those C.that D.which,D,*,非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：,a.Abraham Lincoln,who led the United States through these years,was murdered on April 14,1865.,b.He sent a special governor,a man named,Gessler,who would rule with a firm hand.,c.He lives in another town,which is only about an hours ride from here.,d.Soon they arrived at a farmhouse,in front of which sat a small boy.,e.They set up a separate state of their own,where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.,注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用,that，,指人时用,who(,主语),whom(,宾语)，指物时须用,which.,语法专项练习,Toms brother,_ lives in London,is an engineer.,A.whom,B.who,C.that,D.which,2.The dictionary,_ I paid 80 dollars,was stolen.,A.which,B.that,C.for,which,D.to,which,3.Grandma Liang has two sons,_ are soldiers.,A.two,of whom,B.whom,C.both,of whom,D.one,of them,4.He arrived half an hour late,_ made us unhappy.,A.that,B.as,B.what,D.which,5.They stayed with me three weeks,_ they drank all the wine I had.,A.which,B.which,time,C.during,which time D.during which,B,C,C,D,D,6.,She has a lot of photos,_ were taken when she was five years old.,A.many,of which,B.many,C.of,which,D.what,7.I have heard from my uncle,_ is in Canada.,A.which,B.that,C.whom,D.who,8.This dictionary,a few pages_ are missing,is of no use.,A.of,which,B.among,which,C.in,which,D.to,which,9.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we could expect.,A.what,B.which,C.that,D.it,10.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.,A.it,B.which,C.this,D.that,A,D,A,B,B,11.,I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers,_ has a great effect on my life.,A.that,;which,B.when,;which,C.which,;that,D.when,;who,12.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,_ was very reasonable.,A.which,price,B.the,price of which,C.its,price,D.the,price of whose,13.Hes got himself into a dangerous situation_ he is likely to lose control over the plane.,A.where,B.which,C.while,D.why,14.Is this the house _ he visited last years?,Is this house _ he visited last years?,A.that,B.which,C.where,D.the,one,D,B,A,A/B,D,Correct the sentences:,1.Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.,2.Is that factory which your father once worked in?,3.The man whom I spoke is from Canada.,4.July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget,(,去掉,),_,(,去掉,),the one,to,_,Correct the sentences:,5.I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.,6.Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.,7.Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.,8.I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.,in,when,_,who,_,(that/which),Correct the sentences:,9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.,10.Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy.,11.We heard the news which our team won the game.,12.The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.,_,that,_,that,_,why,it,_,Correct the sentences:,13.Those at the desk want to buy tickets write,down your names.,14.That was the reason because she looked old.,15.Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English,lessons in our school.,16.Taiwan,that we know,belongs to China.,as,who,_,_,_,gives,why,Correct the sentences:,17.It is the one of the best films that have been shown recently.,18.The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou.,19.Which is known to all,many satellite are going around in the sky.,20.The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.,that,_,_,has,As,that,_,_,Correct the sentences:,21.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.,22.The student whos book I had borrowed didnt come to school today.,23.Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory.,24.The bike by which I travelled was his.,as,_,wh,ose,_,that,_,on,_,THE END,Thank you,！,