省略+双重属格.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Ellipsis,省略,Julia,2012-3-20,为了避免重复，或者在省略一些词也能理解意思的其他情况下，我们经常会省略这些词。,1.,在回答中，避免重复刚刚交代过的信息,What time are you coming?-,About ten,.,2.,并列结构，重复的词语常常省略,A knife,and fork,She was poor,but honest,.,3.,口语中，如果意思清楚，常省略位于句首的非重度词,Doesnt,know what shes talking about.,4.,有时可以省略形容词、名词修饰语或限定词后面的名词,My car isnt working.Ill have to use,Marys,.,5.,助动词常常单独使用，而不用完全动词,I havent paid.I,havent,either.,6.,可以不必重复整个动词不定式，而用,to,来代替,Are you getting married?,We hope,to,.,7.,如果意思清楚，,as,和,than,后面的词语可以省略,The weather isnt as good,as last year,.,I found more blackberries,than you,.,8.,疑问词后面的分句可以省略,Become a successful writer.This book shows you how.,9.,连词,that,常常省略，充当宾语的关系代词也可以省略,I knew,(that),she didnt want to help me.,This is the restaurant,(which),I was talking about.,10.,某些连词后面，主语代词和与之连用的,be,的各种形式可以省略,Though intelligent,he was very poorly educated.,When ordering,please send$10 for postage and packing.,11.,非正式文体中，一些时间表达可省略介词,See you,(on),Monday night.,Were staying here,(for),another three months.,12.,在英国英语里，介词后面的宾格代词有时候可以省略。,My socks have got holes,in,(them).,Id like a piece of toast with butter,on,(it).,名词短语中的省略,1.,谈论常见的选择时，有时可以省略形容词之后重复出现的名词,What kind of potatoes would you like?,Boiled,please.,We havent got any large eggs.Only,small,.,2.this,数字，所有格等后面的省略,This is Helens coat,and,that,is mine.,That beer went down fast.Have,another,.,3.,众所周知的名词常常省略最后的名词。,Hes staying at the,Hilton,.,Were going to see Hamlet at the,Mermaid,.,助动词后面的省略,1.,用助动词代替整个动词短语,I may come to London.Ill phone you if I,do,.,I cant see you today,but I,can,tomorrow.,在,so,neither,nor,后面，也可以省略。注意词序,Ive forgotten the address.,So have,I,She doesnt like olives,and,neither do,I.,当一个表达方式的完整形式已经出现过一次，但又要第二次用到的时候，就用省略的方法。,If,you,could,Id like you to help me this evening.,If,you,prefer,we can go tomorrow instead.,如果意思清楚的话，可以用,to,代替整个动词不定式,Are you and Gillian getting married?We hope,to,.,Sorry I shouted at you.I didnt mean,to,.,双重属格,带有独立属格的,of,词组又叫做“双重属格”,He is a friend,of my fathers,.,在双重属格中，用做介词补足成份的属格名词，必须是确定特制的，而且一般指人。,a friend of,the,doctors,双重属格所修饰的名词可带,a,any,some,等表示非确定特指限定词，但通常不带定冠词。,a,daughter of Mrs.Greens,any/some,daughters of Mrs.Greens,由双重属格修饰的的名词也可以和,this,that,等指示限定词连用，表示爱憎褒贬等感情色彩。,this,brilliant idea of Davids,that,clever remark of your sisters,还可以带,which,等疑问限定词和数词,which,novel of Dickenss,two,novels,of Dickenss,a portrait of Mr.Browns,a portrait of Mr.Brown,a criticism of Mr.Hamiltons,a criticism of Mr.Hamilton,Cleft sentence,A cleft sentence is emphatic construction with non-referring,it,as formal subject.The general pattern of a cleft sentence is as follows:,It+be+focal element+that-/who-clause,