广东省高考英语第一轮复习非谓语动词考点归纳 人教版 试题.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词考点归纳,非谓语动词使用条件,一个句子,当中，,已经存在一个,主句,（谓语动词）,又没有连词,的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。,She got off the bus,leaving,her handbag on her seat.,She got off the bus,but,left,her handbag on her seat.,非谓语动词的句法功能,名称,语 法 功 能,主语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语,不定,式,动名,词,现在,分词,过去,分词,可充当成分,:,主语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语,.,一、不定式,1.,不定式作主语,To lose your heart,means failure.,It took me only five minutes,to finish the job,.,To do two things,at a time is to do neither,2.,不定式作宾语,You neednt bother,to come,yourself.,They are considering,what to do,next.,Some who were famous in their own times would find,it,difficult,to achieve success,today.,afford,、,promise,、,refuse,、,expect,、,hope,、,learn,、,offer,、,wish,、,want,、,fail,、,plan,、,agree,、,forget,、,like,、,prefer,、,decide,、,manage,、,try,、,arrange,、,determine,、,desire,I dont want _ like I m speaking ill of anybody,but the manager s plan is unfair.,to sound,B.to be sounded,C.sounding D.to have sounded,2.I think youll grow _ him when you know him better.,A,likingB,to be like,C,to like,D,to be liking,3.I dont know whether you happen,but Im going to study in the U.S.A.this September.A,to be heard B,to be hearing,C,to hear,D,to have heard,3.,不定式作表语,What she wants to do most now is,(,to)travel abroad,.,The most important thing is,to take measures to prevent the pollution,.,主语的内容或性质,Cf.,He is,to marry Rose,.,表按计划要做的事情,.,4.,不定式作定语,I need a pen,to write with,.,Charles Lindbergh is the first man,to fly the Atlantic alone,.,The meeting,to be held,tomorrow is very important.,I send you 100 dollars today,the rest _ in a year.,follows B.followed,C.to follow,D.being followed,5.,不定式作宾语补足语,We often hear,her,sing the song at home,.,My teacher asked,me,to go there on time,.,She,was considered,to have stolen the money,.,see,、,watch,、,notice,、,hear,、,listen to,、,observe,、,feel,、,taste,、,smell,、,make,、,let,、,have,My advisor encouraged_ a summer course to improve my writing skills.,A.for me taking B.me taking,C.for me to take,D.me to take,6.,不定式作目的状语,Tim sat near the fire,to get warm,.,The athletes,practised,hard,to win the match.,相当于用,in order(not)to,，,so as(not)to,引导的目的状语,.,1.Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.,A.making herself hear B.to make herself hear,C.making herself heard,D.to make herself heard,2,All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas.,A,in order to have received,B,in order to receive,C,so as to be received,D,so as to be receiving,3._ more about university courses,call(920)746-3789.,A,To find out,B,Finding out,C,Find out D,Having found out,4.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars.,A.had B.having,C.to have,D.have,7.,不定式作结果状语,常用,enough to,，,sufficient to,，,only to,，,never to,，,so+,形容词,/,副词,+as to,such+,名词,as to do,引导。,Would you be,so,kind,as to,step this way,please?,I tried the door,only to,find it locked inside.,He is brave enough,to,go out alone at night,Im not,such,a fool,as to,believe that.,1.The news reporters hurried to the airport,only_ the film stars had left.,A,to tell,B,to be told,C,telling D,told,2.He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left.,to find,B.finding,C.found D.to have found,8.,不定式作原因状语,常放在,表示心理感觉的形容词后,I am happy,to see you,.,She was sad,to hear the bad news,.,You were silly not _ your car.,to lock,B.to have locked,C.locking D.having locked,9.,不定式的完成式,.,表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发出的动作。,The novel was said,to have been,published.,I regret,to have been,with you for so many years.,seem,、,appear,、,be said,、,be supposed,、,be believed,、,be thought,、,be known,、,be reported,等动词常用于上面句型。,此外，,glad,、,happy,、,satisfied,、,sorry,、,surprised,、,disappointed,后也接完成时，但要,注意与一般时的区别。,Im sorry,to keep,you waiting for a minute.,对不起，请稍等。（说话时还未等）,Im sorry,to have kept,you waiting.,对不起，让你久等了。（说话时已等了很久）,1.You were silly not _ your car.,to lock,B.to have locked,C.locking D.having locked,2.I dont know whether you happen,but Im going to study in the U.S.A.this September.,A,to be heard B,to be hearing,C,to hear,D,to have heard,3.-Is Bob still performing?,-Im afraid not.He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official.,to have left B.to leave,C.to have been left D.to be left,10.,不定式的省略现象,不定式在感官动词,see,hear,feel,watch,notice,look at,listen to,overhear,observe,和使役动词,have,make,let,后作宾语补足语时,不定式省略,to,。,例,I,watched,him,disappear,in the distance.,介词,but,except,besides,后接不定式作宾语时，介词前有行为动词,do,不定式要省去,to,。,例,We did nothing but/except wait then.,不定式符号,to,作表语时的省略。当主语部分有行为动词,do,作表语的不定式,to,可省略。,例,:What I want to do now is find some books to read.,1.A computer does only what thinking people _.,A.have it do,B.have it done,C.have done it D.having it done,2.Weve missed the last bus.Im afraid we have no choice but _ a taxi.,A.to take,B.taking,C.take D.taken,11.,不定式后动词的省略,动词,love,mean,want,hate,like,wish,expect,hope,，,try,intend,plan,refuse,prefer,seem,及,be glad(pleased,delighted,happy)to,等后面接不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，只保留,to,不定式符号。,1.-Would you like to go to the Great Theatre with me tonight.,-_.,A.Yes,I would like to go to the Great Theater with you tonight.,B.Id love to,but I have an exam tomorrow,.,C.No,I wouldnt,D.Thats all right,2.-Does your brother intend to study Germany?,-Yes,he intends _.,A./,B.to,C.so D.that,句式,would have done,should have done,ought to have done,neednt have done,used to be,等省略形式为,would have,should have,ought to have,neednt have,used to be,要保留不定式后的,be,或,have,。,例,-Are you a sailor?,-No,but I used to be(a sailor).,二、动名词,充当成分,:,主语 宾语 表语 定语,1.,动名词作主语,Seeing,is believing.,Playing chess,is fun.,Its no use,waiting here.,2.,动名词作表语,The nurses job,is,looking after the patients,.,Cf.,The nurse is,looking after the patients,.,3.,动名词作宾语,下列动词后只能接动名词：,suggest,finish,avoid,stop,cant help,mind,enjoy,require,practise,miss,escape,pardon,advise,consider,imagine,keep,appreciate,escape,permit,。,Do you,mind,my opening,the windows?,下列动词短语接动名词：,leave off,put off,give up,look forward to,feel like,have trouble/difficulty(in)doing,sth,.devote to,get used to,pay attention to,be fond of,be worth,。,I am used to,watching TV,in the evening.,4.,动名词作定语,动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系,.,reading text,a sleeping bag,a walking stick,Cf.,running water,developed country,I am used to,watching TV,in the evening.,She regret,not having studied,the computer hard.,His being looked down upon,made him sick.,I cant really stand,being treated,like that.,5.,动名词的时态和语态,1.The man insisted_ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.,A.find B.to find,C.on finding,D.in finding,2.Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview._ the answers ready will be of great help.,A.To have had B.Having had,C.Have,D.Having,高考点击,3.I really cant understand _ her like that.,you treat B.you to treat,C.why treat,D.you treating,4.He got well-prepared for the job interview,for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity.,to lose,B.losing,C.to be lost D.being lost,三、分词,现在分词与过去分词,.,充当成分,:,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语,.,（一）现在分词,1.,现在分词作状语,现在分词可在句中作,时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果,等状语。,时间状语（分词作状语前面可加,when,while,等）,Hearing the good news,he jumped with great joy.,原因状语,Seeing nobody at home,he decided to leave them a note,伴随状语,The girls came in,following their parents.,结果状语,The poor old man died,leaving nothing to his children.,注意：现在分词作状语的几个特性。,时间性,。与谓语动词同时发生，用一般时，如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式,having done,。,语态性,。与句子的主语之间的关系，是主谓关系或动宾关系。遵循的规则“主动进行，被动完成”。,人称一致性,。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。,He glanced over at her,_ that though she was tiny,she seemed very well put together.,noting,B.noted,C.to note D.having noted,2._ the,programme,they have to stay there for another two weeks.,Not completingB.Not completed,C.Not completing,D.Not having completed,3,The manager,_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us,left the meeting room.,A,who has made B,having made,C,made,D,making,4,The storm left,_a lot of damage to this area.,A,caused B,to have caused,C,to cause,D,having caused,5,_from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.,A,Being separated,B,Having separated,C,Having been separated,D,To be separated,2.,现在分词作定语,1.The picture_ on the wall is painted by my nephew.,A.having hung,B.hanging,C.hangs D.being hung,2,Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV;there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.,A.to form B.form,C.forming,D.having formed,3.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.,A.to smell,B.smelling,C.smelt D.to be smelt,（二）过去分词,1.,过去分词作状语,过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句，用来说明原因、时间、条件等。,（,1,）过去分词作原因状语,Tired by the trip,he soon feel asleep.,Lost in thought,he almost ran into a car.,（,2,）作时间状语,Seen from the hill,the city looks like a garden.,（,3,）作条件状语,Given more time,I would have worked out the problem.,（,4,）伴随状语,The teacher came in,followed by some students.,分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为,独立主格,结构。如：,Her grandfather being ill,she had to stay at home looking after him.,1,_ with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.,A,Compare B,When comparing,C,Comparing,D,When compared,2._ in the mountains for a week,the two students were finally saved by the local police,A.Having lost,B.Lost,C.Being lost D.Losing,2.,过去分词作定语,1.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company,_ as 3M.,A.knowing,B.known,C.being known D.to be known,2.The disc,digitally _ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.,A.recorded,B.recording,C.to be recorded D.having recorded,3.The prize of the game show is$30,000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China.,A.paying,B.paid,C.to be paid D.being paid,4.The repairs cost a lot,but its money well _.,A,to spend,B,spent,C,being spent D,Spending,3.,分词作宾补,1),跟分词作宾补的动词有：,catch,have get,keep,hear,find,feel,leave,make,want,start,notice,observe,watch,set,等,2),在复合宾语中，用现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系；用过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。,There was so much noise that the speaker couldnt,make himself heard,.,When he awoke,he,found himself being looked after,by an old woman.,如,:,1.Dont leave the water_ while you brush your teeth.,A.run,B.running,C.being run D.to run,2.Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents,.,worried,B.to worry,C.worrying D.worry,3.You should understand the traffic rule by now.Youve had it _ often enough.,A.explaining B.to explain,C.explain,D.explained,非谓语动词的其他考点,:,1.,主语一致,1.Having been attacked by terrorists,_.,A.doctors cane to their rescue,B.the tall building collapsed,C.an emergency measure was taken,D.warnings were given to tourists,2,While watching television,_.,A,the doorbell rang,B,the doorbell rings,C,we heard the doorbell ring,D,we heard the doorbell rings,2.with,的复合结构,with+,名词,+,doing,to do,done,1.I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.,A.going on,B.goes on,C.went on D.to go on,2,_ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease,the patient sought her doctors help to end her life.,A,Having given up hope of cure,B,With no hope for cure,C,There being hope for cure,D,In the hope of cure,