第一节 直译与意译hao.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Chapter 2,英译汉的方法问题,T,wo,approaches in,Dealing with Akward Situations,In the practice of translaiton,some words in their usual sense are very difficult to deal with because of the dsparity between the English and Chinese languages.In this case we have to resort to some special means of translaion.,Literal T,ranslation,L,iberal,T,ranslation,(F,ree,T,ranslation,),Literal translation,(,直译,),S,uperficially,speaking,it means,“not to alter the original words and sentences”,;,Strictly speaking,it strives to“,keep the sentiments and style of the original”,.,Furthermore,i,t strives to reproduce both the content and the style of the original works and,retains as much as possible the figures of speech,.,所谓“直译”，就是尽量使译语的词汇意义、句法结构、文体风格与原语的词汇意义、句法结构、文体风格一致或相似。,Hitler was,armed to the teeth,when he launched the Second World War.,The thieves tried to,fish in the troubled water,after the disaster.,混水摸鱼,P.15-16,1.,Man struggles upwards;water flows downwards.,人往高处走,水往低处流,.,2.,Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.,生活没有目标，犹如航海没有罗盘。,3.,The relentless,puruit,of perfection.,不懈追求完美。(,专注完美，近乎苛求。)（雷克萨斯汽车）,4.,God gives every bird its food,but He,doesn,t throw it into its net.,上帝给了鸟儿食物，但他没有将食物扔到它的巢里。,In-class Practice,Challenge the limits.,挑战极限 （三星）,Hand in hand,future in your hand.,伴你同行，齐握未来。（太平人寿）,巧妇难为无米之炊。,The cleverest housewife cant cook a meal without rice.,L,iberal,translation,(F,ree,T,ranslation,）,意译,Liberal translation(also called free translation),is an alternative approach which is used mainly to,convey the meaning and spirit of the original,without trying to reproduce its,sentence patterns,or,figures of speech,.,所谓“意译”，就是当原文和译文在词汇意义、句法结构、文体风格上相差悬殊时，应当不拘泥于原文的形式，使译文能正确表达原文的思想内容。,1.,follow ones nose,A:,跟着鼻子走,B:,跟着感觉走,2.,to teach a pig to play on a flute,A:,教猪吹笛,B:,对牛弹琴,3.at sixes and sevens,乱七八糟,4.Adams apple,喉结,5.,Good to the last drop.,滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。（雀巢咖啡）,6.Color of success.(打印机),让你的业务充满色彩。,7.older,wiser,calmer,（,新闻翻译P.50）,与这条标题相关的报道聚焦于当今的老龄化社会，尤其是老人们退休后在处理各种问题时表现出的睿智和冷静。,A:更老，更明智，更冷静,B:人愈老，智愈高，心愈平。,Do you want to be,a dragon lady,or a woman behind your man?,A:,你想做一个,龙女,还是做个男人背后的女人,?,B:,你想做一个,女强人,还是做个男人背后的女人,?,Every time I see my grandfather,he gives me,a big bear hug,.,A:,每次见到爷爷,他都要给我一个,大大的熊式拥抱,.,B:,每次见到爷爷,他都要,紧紧拥抱我,.,Do you,see any green in my eye,?,A:,你从我眼里,看到了绿色,吗,?,B:,你以为我是,好欺骗的,吗,?,In-class Practice,1.,An idle brain is t,h,e devils workshop.,人无所事事时易受诱惑而干坏事。,2.,He was smooth and agreeable.,他带人处事，八面玲珑。,3.,His best jokes fell flat.,他那些最能逗人乐的笑话都不灵了。,4.,The more you try to hide,the more you are exposed.,欲盖弥彰。,Literal translation or liberal translation?,In-Class Practice,1.,We are,Siemens,we can do that.,2.,Winning the hearts of the world.,3.FedEx:We live to deliver.,4.,For next generation.,5.Dicks heart trouble became worse because he,wouldn,t spend money to see a doctor at the beginning;he was indeed,penny wise and pound foolish,In-Class Practice,1.We are,Siemens,we can do that.（,直译）,我们是西门子，我们能办到。,2.Winning the hearts of the world.,（,直译）,赢取天下心。（法国航空公司）,3.,FedEx:We live to deliver.（,意译）,联邦快递，诚信为本。,4.,For next generation.,(,意译),下一代的选择。（百事可乐）,5.,Dicks heart trouble became worse because he,wouldn,t spend money to see a doctor at the beginning;he was indeed,penny wise and pound foolish,(,意译),捡了芝麻，丢了西瓜。,/,小事精明，大事糊涂。,Literal translation or liberal translation?,In English-Chinese translation,if the source text has its counterpart in Chinese,wed better adopt the way of literal translation.If no,its better to translate liberally,.In most cases,people alternate or combine these two approaches when necessary.,MOre,Examples:,1.There is no pot so ugly it cant find a lid.,直译：再丑的罐儿也不愁配个盖儿。,意译：丑女不愁嫁。,2.Looking Back to Look Ahead.（新闻标题）,A.为了展望未来而回首往昔。,B.回首往昔 展望未来,3.Olympics Begin in Style;Swimmer Takes 1st Gold.（新闻标题）,in(grand,great)style:in a grand and elegant way有风度的，有气派的,A.奥运盛大开幕以来，游泳健将夺得首枚金牌,B.奥运盛大开幕 泳将夺首金,4.,I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave her(my wife)my old age.,A:,我把青春献给海洋，我回家的时候便把老年给了我的妻子。,B:,我把青春献给海洋，等我回到家里陪伴妻子的时候，已经是白发苍苍了。,5.,It is said that every household has its skeleton in the closet.,A：,据说,家家户户至少有一桩家丑。,B：,俗话说,，衣橱里面藏骷髅，见不得人的事家家有。,Readers Consideration,(,读者关照),（,P.,7、,18）,T,ranslations,of a stage line in a film,:,If you dare to play the fox with me,I,ll,shoot you at once!1.,你要是敢跟我玩花样，我一枪崩了你！,2.,你要是对我耍滑头，我马上毙了你！,3.,如果你敢跟我耍心眼，我立刻让你吃“定 心丸”!,4.,你要是敢耍我，我就赏你一颗枪子儿！,5.,你要是敢糊弄咱，立马要你的狗命！,6.,敢跟我玩阴的，立马送你见阎王!,加注法,annotation,（,直译加注、音译加注）,1.,直译加注,:,直译原文，并附加解释性注释。,Mad,-cow disease,疯牛病（牛海绵状脑病）,Fly girl,飞飞女（时髦的年轻女子）,Tree hugger,紧抱树干的人（极端环境保护主义者）,Sandwich generation,三明治人（既要照顾孩子又要照顾老人的人）,Oval office,椭圆形办公室(美国白宫总统办公室),tabloid(,猎取并报道名人轶事等以迎合低级趣味的)市井电视节目,People considered that what he had played on that occasion was no more than,a Judas kiss,.,人们认为他在那种场合所表演的不过是_。,You told me the other day that you,weren,t going to write anything about him yourself.It would be rather like,a dog in the manger,（,牛马的食槽）,to keep to yourself a whole lot of material that you have no intention of using.,前些日子，你告诉我你自己不打算写有关他的任何东西，可你却又占着大批材料自己不用，这岂不是_,犹大之吻，居心险恶,狗占马槽太自私了吗？,2,、,音译加注：音译后附加解释性注释,Pizza,比萨饼,Toyota,丰田车,Sahara,撒哈拉沙漠,Sauna,桑拿浴（芬兰式的一种蒸气浴）,Notes：,直译不是,死译,或硬译，不能字字对 译;,意译不是随心编造，任意,乱译,。,black coffee,“,浓咖啡”而不是“黑咖啡”，,新闻照片,“,press photo”,而不是“,news photo”,green-eyed,红眼病,black tea,红茶,brown sugar,红糖,Conclusion,There is,no obvious distinction,between literal translation and liberal translation.,The key point,for a translator to grasp is to comprehend the original thoroughly,and then put it into,idiomatic,Chinese.Whats more,in the application of literal translation,we should endeavor to rid ourselves of stiff patterns and rigid adherence to translation rules,trying to be flexible;while in the practice of free translation,we should be cautious of subjectivity,avoiding groundless affirmation or arbitrary fabrication(,捏造,).,Homework,1.,A,sti,t,ch,in time saves nine.,2.I wonder whether he is a Trojan Horse.,3.He acts a lot older than his years.,4.Franklin,Roosvelt,listened with bright-eyed,smiling attention.,5.After the failure of his last novel,his reputation stands on slippery ground.,6.He carried his age astonishingly well.,7.,The favors of,Goverment,are like the box of Pandora,with this import difference that they rarely leave hope at bottom.,8.A greeting card can warm a heart,hold a hand,lend an ear,pat a back,light up a face,tickle a funny bone,dry an eye,surprise a child,woo a sweet-heart,toast a bride,welcome a stranger,wave a good-bye,shout a bravo,blow a kiss,mend a quarrel,ease a pain,boost a morale,stop a worry and start a tradition.(自由选择，可做可不做),