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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,基础知识自测,一、单词识记,1._,n.,权威；权力,(pl),2._,n.,飞行器；飞机,3._,n.,行李,4._,n.,正义；公平,5._,n.,苦难；艰难,hardship,authority,aircraft,luggage,justice,6._,v.,租用；雇佣,7._,vi.,发生；出现,8._,adj.,公民的；国内的,9._,n.,手段；方法,10._,adv.,无处；到处,nowhere,hire,occur,civil,means,11._,vt,.&n.,抓住；抓紧,12._,v.&n.,改革,13._,n.&adj.,代理；副职,14._,vi.,滑动；滑行,n.,滑动,15._,n.,繁荣,boom,grasp,reform,vice,slip,二、单词拓展,(A),单词派生,1._,adj.,清晰的,;,明显的,;,明确的,_,n.,差别,;,区分,;,卓著,2._,adj.,主要的,_,n.,大多数,;,大半,majority,distinct,distinction,major,3._,v.,处罚,;,惩罚,_,n.,处罚,;,惩罚,4.,_,vt,.,指出,;,标示,;,表明,;,暗示,_,n.,指出,;,标示,;,表明,;,暗示,indication,punish,punishment,indicate,5._,adj.,显而易见的,;,显然的,_,adv.,显然地,;,显而易见地,apparent,apparently,6._,v.,吸引；使着迷,_,adj.,迷人的,;,吸引人的,fascinating,fascinate,(B),灵活运用,1.Theres a sharp,_,(distinct)between words and deeds.,名词作表语,根据前面的冠词可知。,2.The _(major)of senior high school students seem to prefer science to arts.,2.,因为,the,与,of,之间必须填名词,而,the majority of,意为“大多数的,”,。,distinction,majority,3.Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive _(punish).,3.,名词作动词,receive,的宾语。,4.Many students _(apparent)do not care about the health issues of all their bad habits.,4.,副词作状语,修饰动词,do,。,punishment,apparently,5.A _ (fascinate)talent show called“Super Girl”won nationwide popularity among teenage,students.,5.,形容词作定语,修饰,talent show,。,fascinating,1._,背靠背,2._,继续存在,;,继续生存,3._,申请,;,请示得到,4._,将,应用于,三、短语翻译,applyto,back to back,live on,apply for,5._,坚持,;,维持,;,沿袭,6._,习惯于新的生活方式,7._,用,办法,;,借助,8._,包括,;,吸收,take in,keep up,make a new life,by means of.,9._,与,合作或一起工作,10._,许多,;,很多,11._,划线,;,标出,的界线,12._,至少,at least,team up with,a great/good many,mark out,四、课文回顾,Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California,，,no one really knows.However,1_ is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.Scientists believe that these first settlers 2 _(cross)the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America 3_ means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.,it,crossed,by,In the 16th century,after the 4_(arrive)of Europeans,，,the native people suffered greatly.Thousands were killed or forced into slavery.5_ addition,many died from the diseases brought by Europeans.However,，,some survived these terrible times,，,and today there are more Native Americans 6_(live)in California than in any other state.,arrival,In,living,In the 18th century,，,California was ruled by Spain.Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century,7 _ they fought against the native people and 8_(take)their land.Two centuries later,，,the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.,when,took,Of 9_ first Spanish to go to California,，,the majority were religious men,10_ ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.,the,whose,五、课文概要,The most multicultural state with the largest population in America,，,California attracts immigrants worldwide at different periods due to its climate and the lifestyle,starting from native Americans 15,000 years ago.,原句,By the time California,elected,to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850,it was already a multicultural society.,到,1850,年加利福尼亚成为美国的第,31,个州的时候,它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了,。,(B8 P2),1.elect,vt,.,选举；选择；推选,例句,When people,elect,someone,they choose that person to represent them by voting for them.,当人们推举某人时,.,他们通过投票的方式来选择那个人代表他们。,搭配,elect,sb.(to,be/as)+,n.,选某人当,elect sb.to do,sth,.,选某人做某事,运用,用所给词的适当形式填空。,We,_,(elect)him monitor of our class.,He was elected _(solve)this challenging problem.,to solve,elected,原句,Yes.It didnt,occur,to me that,是的,我没有想到,(B8 P5),例句,It,occurred,to me that he would be the best person.,我突然想到他也许是最佳人选。,2.occur,vi.,发生；出现；存在,sth,.occurs to sb.,某事被某人想起,it occurs to sb.that.,某人想起,说明,(1)occur(occurred,occurred,occurring),过去式、过去分词、现在分词要双写,(2)occur,是不及物动词,不能带宾语,不能用于被动语态。,运用,根据汉语完成句子。,父母应该帮助孩子处理这一特殊成长阶段所出现的各种问题。,Parents should help their children cope with _ during this special growing stage.,我就要离开时,想起来忘了带钥匙。,Just as I was leaving the house,_ _ that I had forgotten my keys.,all kinds of problems occurring,to me,it occurred,3.indicate vt.,指出；标示；表明；暗示,(show/suggest),例句,Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner.,尽量用以上的表达来表明你在认真听同伴的话。,运用,翻译下列句子。,统计数字,(statistics),表明，这种疾病在非洲很常见。,他表明了合作的意向。,指出你要去哪里。,He indicated his willingness to cooperate /work together.,Statistics indicate that this disease is quite common in Africa.,Indicate where you are going.,4.hire vt.,雇用,(to employ),；租用,(to pay money to borrow sth for short period of time),例句,Teamed up with a couple from my hotel(Peter and Terri)and hired a car.,同饭店里的一对夫妻（彼得和泰莉）作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。,hire sth out to sb,出租某物给某人,hire sb to do sth,雇用某人做某事,for hire,可供出租，用来出租,搭配,运用,根据汉语意思完成英文句子。,I want to_,_(,把我的屋子出租给我的一个朋友,),。,The boss was too busy,so he_,_(,雇用几个工人帮忙处理,)the companys routine work.,hired,hire my house out to one,of my friends,several workers to deal with,5.nowhere adv.,无处；到处都无,(not in any place or to any place),例句,Nowhere else can we find a more beautiful place than Mount Tai.,我们找不到比泰山更美的地方。,说明,nowhere,置于句首，句子要部分倒装。,搭配,nowhere to be seen/found,到处看不到,/,找不到,get nowhere,没有结果；没有进展,运用,根据汉语提示完成下列英文句子。,Michael glanced anxiously down the street,but John was_,(,到处看不到,).,_(,世界上没有其他地方,)this kind of fruit exist.,Nowhere else in the world does,nowhere to be seen,6.live on,继续生活或生存,(continue to live or exist);,以,为食,;,靠,生活,例句,The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home.,这些移民的风俗习惯和语言在他们的新家都得以延续。,live by doing sth,靠做某事为生,live up to,符合；不辜负,live a busy life,过着忙碌的生活,联想,运用,用,live,短语的适当形式填空。,He still _ his parents after graduation.,Mozart is dead but his music _,_.,We should work hard and try _,_ our parents expectations.,live up to,lives on,on,lives,to,7.mark out,用线画出范围；标出,的界限,(draw lines to show the edges of sth),；规划出；使,与众不同,例句,Theres a fascinating drive marked out for tourists.,有一种专门为旅游者选定的驾车游活动。,运用,根据汉语意思完成英文句子。,通过努力我们成功地画出了一个羽毛球场地。,With an effort we succeeded_,_.,out a tennis court,in marking,种树苗的时候，我喜欢事先划出行来。,When planting seedlings I prefer_,_.,她的独立精神使她有别于她的同学。,Her independence of spirit_,_.,out from her classmates,to,mark out the rows in advance,marks her,8.keep up,坚持；维持；沿袭,(,风俗、传统等,),例句,We students ought to keep up our traditional Chinese virtues.,我们学生要沿袭中华名族的传统美德。,联想,keep up with,跟上；赶上,运用,根据汉语意思完成英文句子。,我认为跟上时代是很重要的。,I think _ important that we(should)keep up_ the times.,it,with,我们要坚持勤奋学习，为即将到来的高考做好准备。,We have to _ the hard work and make good preparations for the coming college entrance examination.,keep up,9.by no means,绝不,(,置于句首时，要部分倒装,),例句,Thanks to the advancement of new technologies,，,we can keep in touch with each other by means of cell phone and email.,由于有了先进的科技，我们可以通过手机和电子邮件彼此保持联系。,联想,by means of,用,办法；借助,by all means,想尽一切办法,提醒,means,作“方法，手段”解，单复数同形，作主语时要注意主谓一致。,运用,根据汉语意思完成英文句子。,他们依靠努力工作而获得成功。,They succeeded_.,无论遇到什么困难,我们绝不能放弃。,Whatever difficulty we meet,，,by no means _.,should we give up,by means of hard work,10.take in,包括；涵盖；接受；收留；吸收；领会；了解；欺骗；蒙蔽,例句,The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught.,学生们发现老师所教的东西很容易领会。,运用,朗读并指出划线部分的汉语意思。,We need more time to,take in,the situation.(),The university is planning to,take in,15%more students next year.,(),Dont,be taken in,by books claiming to help you improve your study in a week.(),被欺骗,了解,接收,(,招收,),11.apply for,申请；请示得到,例句,You can apply for scholarship and work part-time in college.,在大学里你可以申请奖学金和做兼职。,apply to,适用于,apply.to.,将,应用于,联想,运用,填入一个适当的介词。,Anyone who wants to apply_ the job must meet all the requirements above.,It is satisfactory to apply this new method _ our project of environmental protection.,to,for,1.It is likely/unlikely that.,很,/,没可能,原句,However,it is likely that,Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.,然而,可能至少在,15,000,年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。,(B8 P2),例句,It is very likely that,he will make great progress in his study.,他的学习很可能会取得较大进步。,联想,be likely/unlikely to do,可能,/,不可能做,仿写,根据汉语完成下列句子,。,我们有可能提前完成复习任务,。,_,we finish our review in advance.,他很可能会报名参加中山大学的自主选拔考试,。,He,_,enroll in the independent admission examination of Sun,Yat-sen,University.,is very likely to,It is likely that,原句,It is believed that,before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups,but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.,据信,过不了多久国籍相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有大的种族或文化团体,而仅仅是一个多文化的混合体,。,(B8 P3),2.It is believed that,人们相信,例句,It is believed that,greenhouse gases are the main causes of global warming.,人们认为温室气体是导致全球变暖的主因。,联想,It is/thought/said/reported/hoped that.,人们认为,/,据说,/,据报道,/,希望,仿写,根据汉语意思翻译下列句子,人们相信健康重于财富。,It is believed that health is above wealth.,据报道几乎所有的突发死亡都是由心脏受损引起的。,It is reported that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart.,1.,史密斯夫妇搬迁到一个小镇上继续生活。,1.The Smiths moved to a small town to,live on,.,2.,他们很快习惯了新生活。,2.They soon learned to,make a new life,.,3.,据说有家工厂招聘新员工。,_ a local factory needed new employees.,4.,史密斯先生想要抓住这个工作机会。,Mr.,Smith wanted to,grasp,the chance.,Its said that,5.,这份工作可能对改善他们家的生活状况有帮助。,The job _ help improve the living condition of his family.,6.,史密斯先生去该工厂申请一个职位。,Later,Mr,Smith went to a factory to,apply for,a position.,was likely to,7.,这家工厂没有接纳他。,The factory didnt,take him in,.,8.,因为他不能准确地使用语言表达他的思想。,Because he couldnt _,9.,他只好与邻居合作开了一家小店。,He had to,team up with,his neighbor to open a store.,express himself,by,means of,words.,The Smiths moved to a small town to,live on,and they soon learned to,make a new life,.,Its said that,a local factory needed new employees and,Mr,Smith wanted to,grasp,the chance which,was likely to,help improve the living condition of his family.,合并,Therefore,Mr,Smith went to,the factory to,apply for,a position.However,the factory didnt,take him in,because he couldnt express himself,by means of,words.As a result,he had to,team up with,his neighbor to open a store.,一、完形填空,I first went to hear a live rock concert when I was eight years old.My brother and his friends were all,1,of a heavy metal group called Black Wednesday.,After the performance,I became a Black Wednesday fan too.,1.A.members B.friends,C.fans D.volunteers,1.C,根据最后一句的,I became a Black Wednesday fan too,可知。与,fan,是原词复现。,When they found that Black Wednesday were going to,2,at our local theatre,they all bought,3,for the performance.However,at the last minute,one of the friends couldnt go,so my brother offered me the ticket.,2.A.stay B.perform C.sing D.dance,2.B,根据下一句,they all bought,3,for the performance,可知。,perform,与,performance,是同根词复现。,3.A.flowers B.drinks C.clothes D.tickets,3.D,后半句,so my brother offered me the ticket,有提到。与,ticket,是原词复现。,I was really,4,!,I remember the buzz(,嘈杂声,)of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our,5,.,4.A.relaxed B.embarrassed,C.excited D.encouraged,4.C,根据句末的感叹号以及常识可推出是,excited,。下一句中的,I remember the buzz(,嘈杂声,)of excitement,也有暗示。,5.A.seats B.entrance C.spots D.space,5.A,由本句中的,theater,及常识可知我们找到了自己的座位,(seats),。,I remember the buzz(,嘈杂声,)of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our,5,.,After a few minutes,the lights went down and everybody became,6,.I could barely make out the stage in the,7,.,6.A.comfortable B.quiet,C.serious D.nervous,6.B,根据前面的,the buzz(,嘈杂声,)of excitement,及本空前的,became,可知大家静了下来。,7.A.silence B.noise C.darkness D.smoke,7.C,因为上句提到,the lights went down,，故这里填,darkness,。,We waited.Then there was a,8,from the crowd,like an explosion,as the first members of the band stepped onto the stage.,8.A.shout B.roar,C.scream D.whisper,8.B,根据本句中的,like an explosion,可以推出。只有,roar(,吼叫,),才像炸弹爆炸一样。,My brother leaned over and,9,something in my ear,but I couldnt,10,what he was saying.,9.A.put B.found C.shouted D.whispered,9.C,根据当时的情景，及句中的,but I couldnt,可知。,10.A.hear B.forget C.repeat D.bear,10.A,由本句内容可知，作者听不到他哥哥说的话。,hear,与,say,、,ear,是词语同现。,The first song was already starting and the music was as,11,as a jet engine.,I cant recall any of the songs that the,12,played.,11.A.loud B.clear C.sweet D.fast,11.A,根据常识,a jet engine,的声音是很大的，故选,A,。,12.A.man B.band C.woman D.musician,12.B,由第二段的,as the first members of the band stepped onto the stage,可知。与,band,是原词复现。,I just remember that I really enjoyed the show and didnt want it to,13,.But in the end,after three encores(,加演,),the show finished.We left the,14,and walked unsteadily out onto the pavement.,13.A.continue B.delay C.finish D.change,13.C,根据句中的,I really enjoyed the show,及下一句,Butthe show finished,可以推出作者是不想它结束,(finish),。与,finish,是原词复现。,14.A.theatreB.party C.opera D.stage,14.A,第二段第一句有提示。与,theater,是原词复现。,I felt a little dizzy,as if I had just woken from a long,15,.My ears were still ringing with the beat of the last song.,After the performance,I became a Black Wednesday fan too.,15.A.rest B.walk,C.talk D.sleep,15.D,由空前的,woken from,可知。,sleep,和,woken,是词语同现。,roar,吼叫,lean,倾斜,jet engine,喷气发动机,bass,低音,dizzy,昏眩的,pavement,人行道,unsteadily,不稳定地,A.They are alive.B.They are hopeless.,C.They are similar.D.They are different.,1.What does the author think of cities all over the world?,C,细节理解题。由文章的第,1,句,American cities are similar to other cities around the world,判断。,二、阅读理解,A.Because older American cities were dying.,B.Because they were richer and needed more space.,C.Because cities contained the worst parts of society.,D.Because they could hardly afford to live in the city.,2.Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War II?,B,细节理解题。由文章第,2,段的,2,、,3,句中的,city residents(,居民,)became wealthier.They had more children so they needed more space,可以判断。,A.are faced with housing problems,B.are forced to move to the suburbs,C.want to sell their buildings,D.need more money for daily expenses,3.According to the 4th paragraph,a great many poor people in American cities_.,A,细节理解题。由第,4,段的第,2,句,Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because,可知。,4.The underlined word“shift”(Para.4)probably means“_”.,A.reduction B.explosion,C.growth D.change,D,词义猜测题。由第,3,段的,They continue to move toMany young professionals are moving,可推出,shift,的意思为“改变”。,A.American cities are changing for the worse,B.people have different views on American cities,C.many people are now moving from American cities,D.the population is decreasing in older American cities,5.We can conclude from the text that _.,B,推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述了两种不同的态度,由此推知答案是,B,。,【,助读词汇,】,resident,居民,suburb,郊区,reflect the changing values,反映了价值观的改变,conflict,冲突,just as American society is changing,就像美国社会也在变化一样,
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