高考英语一轮复习 语法专项(四)形容词和副词课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,(,四,),形容词和副词,一、多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序,限定词,(these,，,those.),数量形容词,(three),描绘性形容词,(beautiful),大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词,(large,，,long,，,high),新旧,(old),颜色,(red),国籍,(Chinese),材料,(wood),用途,(writing),被修饰名词,(desk),。,a beautiful white Japanese military jeep,二、形容词作定语后置的几种情况,1.,当形容词修饰不定代词,one,，,no,，,any,，,some,和,every,构成的复合,词，如：,something,，,anything,，,nothing,时。,I have something,important,to tell you.,2.,当“形容词介词短语,/,不定式”构成的短语作定语时。,The teacher asked me a question,too difficult to answer,.,3.,当两个意义相反的形容词用“,both.and.”,；,and,；,or,或,but,连接,在一起作定语时。,The students were required to see a film,both interesting and instructive,.,4.,当,old,，,long,，,high,，,wide,，,deep,等词附有数量词短语作定语时。,The peasants dug a well,about,_,fifty,_,metres,_,deep,.,三、表语形容词,有些形容词只作表语，通常不作前置定语。常见的表语形容词有：,afraid,，,alone,，,awake,，,asleep,，,alive,，,alike,，,ashamed,，,afloat,，,well,，,sorry,，,unable,，,worth,，,sure,等。,The old man was alone in the house.,【,注,】,上述形容词可以作补语。,We found the snake still alive.,alive,，,alone,，,awake,等可以用作后置定语。,He is the greatest poet alive.,以,a,开头的表语形容词大多不可直接用,very,来修饰。,sound/fast asleep,熟睡的,wide awake,十分清醒的,四、下列形容词作表语时，主语通常是“事”而不是“人”,(,im)possible,，,(,un)necessary,，,(,im)probable,，,(,in)convenient,，如：,It is not convenient to work at the weekend.,周末工作不便。,五、形容词作状语,形容词作状语表示伴随或结果。,He returned home,，,safe and sound.,构成方法,例词,副词词干分词,newlymade,新建的,fastchanging,飞速变化着的,名词词干过去分词,snowcovered,被雪覆盖的,名词词干现在分词,energysaving,节省能源的,名词词干形容词词干,lifelong,终生的,数词词干名词词干,fivestar,五星级的,数词词干名词,ed,fourstoreyed,四层的,数词词干名词形容词,fiveyearold,5,岁的,形容词词干过去分词,readymade,现成的，预先制成的,形容词词干名词,ed,coldblooded,冷血的,形容词词干现在分词,ordinarylooking,相貌一般的,形容词词干形容词词干,redhot,炽热的,六、复合形容词的构成,【,注,】,复合形容词中的名词不能用复数形式。,七、两种形式的副词,有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀“,ly,”,。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不大相同，应加以分辨。,close,接近,(,指距离,)closely,仔细地，密切地,free,免费,freely,自由地，自如地,deep,深,deeply,深刻地，深入地,hard,努力地,hardly,几乎不,wide,宽阔,widely,广泛地,high,高,highly,高度地,late,晚、迟,lately,近来,near,邻近,nearly,几乎,most,最,mostly,主要地；绝大多数地,easy,从容地,easily,容易地,八、有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语,Fortunately,，,he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA,men.,九、副词,enough,的用法,1.enough,作副词用来修饰形容词、副词时要放在所修饰词的后面。,If I had a,long enough,holiday,，,Id visit Europe,，,stopping at all,the small interesting places.,The driver drove his car,carefully enough,.,2.cannot,与,enough,连用，表示“再,也不为过”。,You cannot be careful enough.,你再细心也不为过。,【,注,】,enough,的这一用法可用“,cannot(can,never).too.”,句型替换。,You can never be too careful in the street.(,You can never be careful enough in the street.),十、注意下列几句有关形容词、副词的固定搭配,Hes dead/blind drunk.,他喝得酩酊大醉。,Its raining/snowing heavily.,雨,/,雪下得很大。,Hes moving/breathing/drinking/smoking heavily.,他吃力地移动,/,喘着粗气,/,酒喝得多,/,烟抽得多。,十一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,1.,表示倍数的三个句型：,(1).times as,形容词原级,as.,This table is 3 times as big as that one.,(2).times the,性质名词,of.,This table is 3 times the size of that one.,(3).times,形容词比较级,than.,This table is 2 times bigger than that one.,2.,同程度级的比较，用,as.,as,，,the same as,，,such.as,引导：,Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.,亨利不如我的书多。,3.the,比较级,，,the,比较级,The more you talked,，,the less attention he paid to you.,你说得越多，他越不注意你。,4.,比较级,and,比较级，表示“越来越,”,The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.,新城变得越来越美丽。,5.the,比较级,of the two,名词：,The taller of the two boys is my,brother.,这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。,6.,用介词,by,表示相差的程度。,She is taller than I by three inches.,她比我高三英尺。,7.,一个人的两种品质的比较，用,more.than,结构：,I think shes more shy than unfriendly.,与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。,8.,否定比较级最高级,There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life,for his friends.,为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。,9.,比较的对象不能相互包容，注意：,The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United,States.,密西西比河是美国最长的河。,10.,比较级的修饰语常见的有：,rather,，,much,，,still,，,even,，,far,，,any(,用于否定句或疑问句,),，,a,lot,，,a little,，,a great deal,，,by far,，,a bit,，,three times,等。,The students study even harder than before.,学生们比以前学习更努力了。,11.,比较的对象应该相同。,The population of China is larger than,that,of any other country,in the world.,中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的都多。,China has a larger population than any other country in the,world.,12.no,比较级,than,的特殊含义,A is no more careful than B.A,和,B,两人都不仔细。,A is no less careful than B.A,和,B,两人都很仔细。,过关落实,1,Cheerful voices suggested they were having,a(n,)_ discussion.,A,hot B,serious C,friendly D,unusual,解析,：,从前面的“,cheerful”,一词可知他们在进行一次“友好的”,讨论。,答案：,C,2.A new _ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate,two months ago.,A.normal,B.usual,C.regular,D.common,解析：,regular,有规律的，固定的。,答案：,C,3.It is not socially _ for parents to leave children,unattended at that age.,A,.,accessible B.adorable C.adaptable D.acceptable,解析：,acceptable,可接受的。,答案：,D,4.After two years research,，,we now have a _ better,understanding of the disease.,A.very,B.far,C.fairly,D.quite,解析：,far/much/even,等副词常用来修饰比较级。,答案：,B,5.He began to take political science _ only when he left,school.,A.strictly,B.truly,C.carefully,D.seriously,解析：,seriously,认真地，严肃地。,答案：,D,6.The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were only,_ beaten.,A.nearly,B.slightly,C.narrowly,D.lightly,解析：,be narrowly beaten,指比分靠近，,(,对方,),险胜。,答案：,C,7.Its hard for him playing against,me.Ive,got nothing to play,for,，,but for him,，,he needs to win so _.,A.far,B.well,C.little,D.badly,解析：,badly,在本句中意为,“,非常，很,”,。,答案：,D,8.With April 18s railway speedup,，,highway and air transport will,have to compete with _ service for passengers.,A.good,B.better,C.best,D.the,best,解析：,随着四月十八日前火车提速，公路和航空运输将面临更,好,(better service),的竞争。,答案：,B,9.Though he started late,，,Mr.Guo,played the piano as well as,，,if,_,，,Miss Liu.,A.not,better than,B.not,better,C.no,better than,D.better,解析：,句中完整结构为,if he did not play better than.,。,答案：,A,10.Do you need any help,，,Lucy?,Yes.The,job is _ I could do myself.,A.less,than,B.more,than,C.no,more than,D.not,more than,解析：,more than,远远超过。,答案：,B,11.Were happy that our predictions should be so accurate,，,which,is _ from expectation.,A.away,B.free,C.far,D.empty,解析：,far from,意为,“,远非、远远不够,”,。,答案：,C,12._,，,the girl didnt seem able to do anything right.,A.Exhausted,B.Exhaustedly,C.To,be exhausted,D.Being,exhaustedly,解析：,过去分词作状语表动作的被动和完成。,答案：,A,13.If youre free tonight,，,Id like to invite you to a movie.,Thats nice of you,，,but are you _,？,A.honest,B.careful,C.serious,D.true,解析：,serious,指,“,严肃的,”,。,答案：,C,14.Excited by the news,，,Marie lay in bed with her eyes _,open while all her family were _ asleep.,A.widely,；,soundly,B.wide,；,sound,C.widely,；,sound,D.wide,；,soundly,解析：,wide open,意为,“,大睁着,”,，,wide,为副词，,sound,作副词,时，意为,“,深深地、舒畅地,”,。,答案：,B,15.By looking at a problem in as many ways as possible,，,creative,thinkers can find solutions that would _ remain invisible.,A.otherwise,B.yet,C.already,D.forever,解析：,otherwise,与虚拟语气连用，表,“,否则、要不然,”,。,答案：,A,