高考英语第二轮复习 代词 新课标 人教版 试题.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,代词,一,.,概念,:,代词是代替名词的词,按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：,人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词,等。,二,.,相关知识点精讲,1.,人称代词,1),人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。,2),人称代词有,主格和宾格,之分。通常,主格作主语,，,宾格作宾语,。如：,I,like table tennis.,（,作主语）,Do you know,him,?,（,作宾语）,3),人称代词还可作,表语,。作,表语时用宾格,。如：,-Who is knocking at the door?,-Its,me,.,4),人称代词在,than,之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用,主格和宾格,都可以。如：,He is older than,me,.,He is older than,I,am.,2.,物主代词,1),表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性,物主代词，如下表所示。,2),形容词性物主代词的作用相当于,形容词，,可在句中作,定语,。例如：,Our,teacher is coming to see us.,This is,her,pencil-box.,3),名词性物主代词的作用相当于,名词,，在句中可用作,主语、宾语和表语,。,Our school is here,and,theirs,is there.,（,作主语）,-Is this English-book,yours,?,（,作表语）,-No.Mine is in my bag.,Ive already finished my homework.Have you finished,yours,?,（,作宾语）,3.,指示代词 指示代词包括：,this,，,that,，,these,，,those,。,1)this,和,these,一般用来指,在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,，,that,和,those,则,指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,，例如：,This,is a pen and,that,is a pencil,We are busy,these,days,In,those,days the workers had a hard time,2),有时,that,和,those,指前面,讲到过的事物,，,this,和,these,则是指,下面将要讲,到的事物,，例如：,I had a cold.,That,s why I didnt come.,What I want to say is,this,;pronunciation is very important in learning English,3),有时,为了避免重复提到的名词,，常可用,that,或,those,代替，例如：,Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as,those,made in Shanghai,4)this,在电话用语中代表自己,，,that,则代表对方。例如：,Hello!This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking?,4.,反身代词 英语中用来表示,我自己,，,你自己,，,他自己,，,我们自己,，,你们自己,等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。,反身代词可以在句中作,宾语，表语，同位语,。,1),作,宾语,，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。,He called himself a writer,2),作,表语,。,It doesnt matter.Ill be myself soon,3),作主语或宾语的同位语,，表示亲自或本人。,I myself washed the clothes,中文,主格,宾格,所有格,名词性物代,反身代词,我,我们,你,你们,他,她,它,他们,I me my mine myself,we us our ours ourselves,you you your yours yourself,you you your yours yourselves,he him his his himself,she her her hers herself,it it its its itself,they them their theirs themselves,5,不定代词：,(1)some,与,any,：,some,一般用于肯定句中，但在表示请求并希望对方能给予肯定回答时，可用于疑问句中；,any,一般用于否定和疑问句中，但当,any,强调“任何”时，也可用于肯定句中。同理，,something,，,somebody,，,someone,的用法同,some,；,anything,，,anybody,，,anyone,的用法同,any,。,(2)none,既可指,人,又可指,物,，其后面一般,需跟,of,所引导的一个范围；,no one,只能指人,，并且不需接范围。,How many,much,提问时的否定回答用,none,；,Who,提问时的否定回答用,no one,；,What,提问时的否定回答用,nothing,。,(3)another,指,三者或三者以上当中的另一个,；,the other,指,两者当中的另一个,，也可接,名词复数,，特指其它某些人或物；,any,指,三者或三者以上当中的任意一个,。,(4)other,意思是“其他的”，,不能单独使用，,后面必须接名词，表泛指,；,others,可指,其他的人或东西，相当于,other+,名词复数,；,the others,特指其他某些人或物，相当于,the other+,名词复数。,(5)either,指,两者中的任意一个,，表示,肯定,；,neither,表示,否定,，指两者都不；,nor,表示否定，指三者或三者以上都不。,neither,nor,的其它用法：,neither,一般只能作,代词,，而,nor,既可作,代词又可作连词,，连接两个否定意义的句子时，一般用,nor,，,若用,neither,，,则需在,neither,前加,and,。,neither,nor,位于句首时，句子须部分倒装。,(6)such,指,具体的人或事,；,SO,只能用在某些动词后面，指情况或内容,。,(,附：其它词性的用法,),such a/an+,adj,+n,so+,adj,+a/an+n,such+,adj,+n,(pl,或不可数名词,),so+many,much,few,little+n,(,pl.n,或不可数名词,),(7)every,不能单独使用,，,必须与名词一起使用，强调全部、所有,；,each,可,单独使用,，也可修饰名词，,强调单个的个体,。,(8)one,可指人也可指物,(,可数,),，表示,某一类人或东西中的一个,，,相当于,a+n,，而,it,只能指物，强调,同类同物,(,相当于,the+n,),或,不可数名词,；,one,还可有复数形式,ones,，当,one,有定语修饰时，前面还可有冠词,a,the+adj,+one,。,(9)all,指三者或三者以上“,所有，全部,”，而,both,指“两者都”，常与,and,连用，成为,both,and,。,(10),对含有,all,，,both,，,every,，,each,等词的句子,进行否定,时，,不管,not,位于什么地方,，句子所表达的否定都为,部分否定,。,6,相互代词：,each other,用于,两者或两者以上,；,one another,用于,三者或三者以上,，在现代英语中它们可通用。,7,疑问代词：,what,指事或物，不强调范围；,who(whom,，,whose),指人；,which,既,可指人也可指物，但强调范围,。,8,连接代词,：,what,，,who,，,whom,，,whose,，,which(,见从句一节,),。,9,关系代词,：,what,，,who,，,whom,，,whose,，,which,，,that,，,as,，,but,在解答代词类题目时，我们应首先分析题干，明确代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判。具体说来，可从这几个方面考虑：,代词指代的是人还是物,。,代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词。,代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念。,代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。,代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。,三,.,巩固练习,1.Tom,Please pass _ the glasses.I want to read the newspapers.,A.you B.me C.him D.her,2.The English novel is quite easy for you.There are _ new words in it.,A.a little B.little C.a few D.few,3.-You want _ sandwich?,-Yes,I usually eat a lot when Im hungry.,A.other B.another C.others D.the other,4.The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS.They think more of others than _.,A.they B.them C.themselves D.theirs,5.-Which do you prefer,a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk?,-_,thanks.Id like a cup of tea.,A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.None,6.-Oh!I came in a hurry and forgot,to bring food.,-Never mind.You can have _.,A.us B.ours C.you D.yours,7.-Can I come this evening or,tomorrow morning?,-_ is OK.Im free today,and tomorrow.,A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.None,8.-How are you going to improve _ this term?,-Work harder than last term.,A.ourselves B.myself C.himself D.yourself,9.-Could you tell me _ she is looking for?,-Her cousin,Susan.,A.that B.whose C.who D.which,10.-Is _ here?,-No.Li Lei and Han,Mei,have asked for leave.A.everybody B.somebody C.anybody D.nobody,11.Paul has _ friends except me,and sometimes he feels lonely.,A.many B.some C.few D.more,12.If you want to book a round-trip ticket,youll have to pay _$30.,A.more B.other C.the other D.another,13.-Do you live by yourself,Mr,Wang?-Yes.I have two sons.But _ of them lives with me.They are now studying in America?A.neither B.both C.none D.either,14.-Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe?-No._ of them can use a computer.,A.None B.Both C.Neither D.All,15.Who taught _ English last term?Was _ Mr.Smith?,A.you;it B.you;he C.your;it D.your;that,16.-That woman has a bag in her right hand.Whats in her _ hand?,A.another B.other C.one D.the other,17.We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _.,A.us B.our C.ours D.ourselves,18.-Is there a bus to the zoo?,-Im afraid theres _ bus to the zoo.,A.no B.any C.some D.none,19.You forgot your dictionary?You may have _.,A.me B.my C.mine D.myself,20.This is _ classroom.Where is _?,A.our;them B.us;they C.our;theirs D.ours;theirs,enjoy oneself,feel oneself,make oneself at home,make oneself understood for oneself,为自己或独立地，,of oneself,自然地，自动地,by oneself,独自地，,in oneself,本身性质，,beside oneself,喜怒哀愁至极,反身代词,相互代词,each other,指两者之间，,one another,指三者或三者以上之间,但现在区分已不明显。,That&those,为了避免重复，常用,that,或,those,代替前面已提过的名词。,The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.,some与any,一般用法,：,some,、,any,可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连有。,some,一般用于肯定句，,any,多用于疑问、否定或条件句。,特殊用法,：,any,用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。,Any day is okay for me.some,用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。,Smith went to some place in England.,（,定语）,在期待对方回答,yes,时，,some,用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。,Would you like some bananas?,（,邀请）,Mum,could you give me some money?(,请求,)some,用于否定句表示部分否定。,I dont know some of the students.,（,宾语）,some,和,any,在句中还可作状语，作副词。,some,意为“大约”相当于“,about”,而,any,则表示程度，意为“稍，丝毫”。如：,There are some 300 workers on strike.Do you feel any better today?,one,both,all,one,指人或物，,“,一个”，其复数为,ones,指人时，其所有格是,ones,，,反身代词是,oneself.This is not the one I want.(,表语,),both,指人或指物，“两者都”,This,maths,problem can be worked out in both ways.(,定语,),注意：,both,用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定时，用,neither,。,Both of us are not teachers.,我们俩并不都是教师。,Neither of us is a teacher.,我们俩都不是教师。,both,不能放在,the,、,these,、,those,、,my,等之后，而应放在它们的前面,。如：,Both my parents like this film.,All,“,全部的”、“整个的”，可与可数或不可数名词连用，除少数情况外，一般不与单数可数名词连用，与复数名词连用时，表示“所有的”、“全部的”，指三个或三个以上的人或物。,He gave me all the money.,他把全部的钱给了我。,All the schools are flooded.,所有的学校都被淹了。,注意：,all,用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用,none,。如：,Not all the ants go out for,food.(or:All,the ants dont go out for food.),并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。,None of the money is mine.,这钱一分也不是我的。,many和much few,little;a few,a little,few,和,little,表示没有多少，含否定意义；而,a few,和,a little,表示有一些，有几个，含肯定意义。另外，,few,、,a few,修饰可数名词；,little,、,a little,修饰不可数名词。它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语。,no和none,no=not any,表示“没有”，用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词，通常作定语，,none,代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。,none,还可以在句中作宾语。注意：,none,既可以指人又可以指物，,no one,只能指人。,each和every,each,（,各个），指两个或两个以上的人或物，侧重个体，在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。,every,（,每个），指三个或三个以上的人或物，侧重整体，在句中只能作定语。,Every student it our class has a dictionary.(,定语，强调班上“所有的人”,)Each student in our class has a dictionary.,（,定语，强调各个个体）,Each of them has been there.,（,主语）,The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.,（,宾语）,We each got a ticket.,（,同位语）,either和neither,either,是“两者中任何一个”的意思，可修饰或代替单数可数名词，,neither,是“两者中没有一个”的意思，可以修饰或代替单数可数名词，它们可在句在作主语、宾语或定语。如：,Here are two pens.You may take either of them.(,宾语,)Neither boy knows French.(,定语,),other和another,the others 和others,the other,表示“两者中的另一个”；“,the other+,复数可数名词”表示“其余（他）的,”,；,the others,表示“其他的人或物”。“,others,及,other+,复数名词”泛指“其他的（别的）人或物”。这些词语在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如：,He got two books;one is textbook,the other is a novel.Five of the pencils are red,the others(the other pens)are yellow.Some are singing,others are dancing.,another,修饰或代替单数可数名词，意为“（三个或三个以上的）另一个”，不能指两者中的另一个，在句中可作宾语和定语。,This coat is too dark.Please show me another.(,宾语,)Please give me another book.,（,定语）注意：,another,修饰复数名词时，意为“再，又”。如：,Please give me another ten minutes.one another(a second)a thirdthe other,意为“一个,一个,一个,一个”用于三者或三者以上的排列。,someothersothers,，,意为“一些,一些,一些”。,