高考语法复习 形容词和副词 人教版 试题.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,06,年高考语法复习系列四,形容词和副词,考 点 分 析,1,、形容词和副词的基本用法；,2,、形容词和副词的位置；,3,、形容词和副词的级别；,4,、常见形容词和副词的用法比较。,形容词的基本用法,1,、形容词的词义,问题,1,：,-Im very _ with my own cooking.It looks nice,and smells delicious.,-Mm,it does have a _ smell.(2002,北京,),A.pleasant,pleasedB.pleased,pleased,C.pleasant,pleasantD.pleased,pleasant,D,高考中关于形容词的词义的题考得不少，复习时需密切关注。该句中,pleased,表示“感到满意（高兴）的”；,pleasant,表示“令人满意（高兴）的”。根据句意不难发现答案为,D,。,问题,2,：,Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a,_ discussion.(1997,上海,),A.noisyB.seriousC.complete D.friendly,问题,3,：,If it is quite _ to you,I will visit you next,Tuesday.,（,05,天津卷）,A.convenient B.fair C.easy D.comfortable,D,该句中,cheerful,是重要的提示词，意为“欢快的”。,noisy;serious,以及,complete,显然都与题义无关。是形容词，意为“友好的”，只有它符合题义。,It is convenient for,sb,.to do,sth,.,该句型意为：“某人方便（适合）做某事”；一般不说“,sb,.is convenient to do,sth,.”,其它三个词显然不符合句义。,A,2,、后置定语问题,问题,4,：,All the people _ at the party were his supporters.(02,北京,),A.presentB.thankfulC.interested D.important,解析：,形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是下列情况要后置：,proper(,本身,),present(,在场的，出席的,),involved,(,有关的,),concerned(,相关的,),left(,剩下的,),objecting,(,反对的,),mentioned (,提及的,),selected(,当选的,),等。,如,the students present(,出席的学生,),the cost involved (,所需费用,),A,f.,下列情况也要后置：,a.some,any,no,every,构成的复合不定代词的修饰语要后,置如：,something new;nothing serious;anything interesting b.else,修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如：,Nobody else is so silly as you are.c.,不定式短语，动名词短语，分词短语，介词短语做定,语要后置。如：,Do you still remember the afternoon in the first year at,college when the professor gave us a chemistry lesson?d.,以,a-,开头的形容词做定语要后置如：,alike,alive,alone,asleep,afraid,awake,如：,He is the only man awake at that time.,巩固练习：,I cant get a good picture on my TV set.There must be something _ with it.,A.badB.matterC.the matterD.the wrong,2._ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.,A.Brave enough studentsB.Enough brave students,C.Students brave enoughD.Students enough brave,3.There is _ to hold the water.,A.nothing big enoughB.nothing enough big,C.big enough nothingD.enough big nothing,C,C,A,3,、以,-,ly,结尾的形容词,问题,5,：,What he said sounds _.(1993,上海,),nicelyB.pleasantlyC.friendlyD.wonderfully,解析：,1,）大部分形容词加,-,ly,可构成副词。但,friendly,，,deadly,，,lovely,，,lonely,，,likely,，,lively,，,ugly,，,brotherly,，,manly,timely,worldly(,老于世故的,),仍为形容词。改错：,(,错）,She sang lovely.,（对）,Her singing was lovely.,（错）,He spoke to me very friendly.,（对）,He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2,）有些以,-,ly,结尾既为形容词，也为副词。,daily,，,weekly,，,monthly,，,yearly,，,early,The Times is a daily paper.It is published daily.,C,多个形容词修饰名词的顺序,问题,1,John Smith,a successful businessman,has a,car.,（,04,辽宁）,A,large German white B,large white German,C,white large German D,German large white,多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：,限定词,-,数词,-,描绘词,-(,大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色,)-,出处,-,材料性质，类别,-,名词,根据这个公式，就不难排列出：大小,+,颜色,+,出处，故选择,B,。,B,问题,2:,This _ girl is Linds cousin.(05,北京卷,),A.pretty little SpanishB.Spanish little pretty,C.Spanish pretty littleD.little pretty Spanish,问题,3,：,One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace.,A.old Chinese stone,B.Chinese old stone,C.old stone Chinese,D.Chinese stone old,由,“,限定词,-,数词,-,描绘词,-(,大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色,)-,性质,-,名词,”,的公式可知，描绘词,+,大小,+,出处的顺序，最符合答案。,根据排列顺序：,大小、形状,+,年龄,+,颜色,+,来源,+,质地,+,用途,+,名词,可选择,A,A,A,常见形容词的比较,1).worth-worthy-worthwhile,2)alike-like-likely,3)dead-deadly-deathly,4)historic-historical,5)live-lively-alive-living,6)possible-probable-likely,7)valueless-priceless,8)respectable(,可敬的、高尚的,)-respectful(,表示敬意的,),A respectable man is respectful to others.,9)healthy(,健康的,)-healthful(,有益于健康的,),The air at seaside is healthful to us.So all of us are healthy.,巩固练习：,The World Cup in France was the biggest _ football match in the world.,A.aliveB.liveC.livelyD.living,2.Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way boys and girls respond(,反应,)to the _ situation.,A.likelyB.sameC.alikeD.similar,3.Its _ to rain but not _ before evening.,A.possible probableB.probable possible,C.possibly probablyD.probably possibly,B,D,A,副词的基本用法,问题,1,：,_,some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.,（,04,上海春季）,A.Strangely enough B.Enough strangely,C.Strange enough D.Enough strange,问题,2,：,Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people?(1995 N),A.such,such B.such,so C.so,so D.so,such,A,B,副词,enough,要放在形容词和副词的后面，形容词,enough,放在名词前后都可。,A:,基本句型：,such+(a)+adj.+n.;so+adj.+a+n.,B:such,后可加各种名词，而,so,后面只能加单数名词；,C:so,可加,many,much,few,little,等，而,such,不能。,问题,3,：,We dont care if a hunting dog smells _,but we really dont want him to smell _.(1995,上海,),A.well,well B.bad,badC.well,badlyD.badly,bad,问题,4,：,Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _,to carry all the way home.,（,03,全国卷）,A,much too heavyB,too much heavy,C,heavy too muchD,too heavy much,C,A,smell,有双重词性，作“闻起来”解是系动词，后接形容词作表语；作“嗅”解是形为动词，后接副词。该题的干扰项是,B,，,“,smells bad”,表示闻起来很臭，不可能同时放入两个空格。,much too,是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词；,too much,是名词或形容词，可单独使用或修饰名词。,问题,5,：,John is very lazy.He falls _ behind in his,studies.(,05,(,广东卷,),A.very B.far C.more D.still,问题,6,：,Must I turn off the gas after cooking?,Of course.You can never be,careful with that.,(,05,江西卷,),A,enough B,too C,so D,very,B,B,副词的修饰关系是现今高考的热点之一，复习中应予以足够的重视。,“,far behind”,表示“远远地掉在后面”。,“,can never be too”,是一种固定的表达方式，意为“越,就越好”,常用副词的比较,问题,1,：,It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold,so she,stood _ to her mother.(2002,北京,),A.closeB.closelyC.closed D.closing,问题,2,：,We decided not to climb the mountains because it was,raining _.(1996 N),A.badlyB.hardlyC.strongly D.heavily,A,D,close to,离,近，此处,close,是副词；,closely,表示“密切地,”,，与题意无关。,表示“雨下得大”可用,rain hard;rain heavily,等，不用,badly,或,strongly,。表示“刮大风”可用,strong wind,。,hardly,是否定词，与句意无关。,注意下面兼有两种形式的副词,close,与,closely,close,意思是,“,近,”,；,closely,意思是,“,仔细地,”,He is sitting close to me.,Watch him closely.,late,与,lately,late,意思是,“,晚,”,；,lately,意思是,“,最近,”,You have come too late.,What have you been doing lately?,3)deep,与,deeply,deep,意思是,“,深,”,，表示时间和空间深度；,deeply,时常,表示感情上的深度，,深深地,He pushed the stick deep into the mud.He often works deep into the night.,Even father was deeply moved by the film.,high,与,highly,high,表示空间高度；,highly,表示程度，相当于,much,The plane was flying high.,I think highly of your opinion.,5)wide,与,widely,wide,表示空间宽度；,widely,意思是,“,广泛地,”,，,“,在许多,地方,”,He opened the door wide.,English is widely used in the world.,6)free,与,freely,free,的意思是,免费,；,freely,的意思是,无限制地,You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.,You may speak freely;say what you like.,另外注意下列各组副词的用法区别,1)just-just now,2)rather-fairly,3)yet-still-already,4)hard-hardly-rarely-scarcely,5)such a+adj.+n.-so+adj.+a+n.,6)most-mostly-almost,7)especially-specially,8)every day-everyday,9)sometime-sometimes-some time,巩固练习：,Its always difficult being in a foreign country,_ if you dont speak the language.,A.Extremely B.naturally C.basically D.especially,2.Would you be _ do me a favor?,A.kind enough B.so kind as to,C.so kind toD.kind as to,3.The guide told us that he would organize some businessmen from abroad to have a tour _ the next month.,A.some timeB.sometime,C.some timesD.sometimes,4.It is _ that his English is _ perfect.,A.sure veryB.right rather,C.exact fairlyD.certain quite,D,B,B,D,形容词和副词的级别,1,、,as as,结构,问题,1,：,John is the tallest boy in the class,_ according to himself.,（,05,安徽卷）,(B),A.five foot eight as tall as B.as tall as five foot eight,C.as five foot eight tall as D.as tall five foot eight as,问题,2,：,What a table!Ive never seen such a thing before.It is,_ it is long.,（,05,湖北卷）,A,half not as wide asB,wide not as half as,C,not half as wide asD,as wide as not half,B,C,as tall as“,高达,”,five foot eight=five feet eight inches,as wide as,是比较，所以倍数词应放在前面。,说明：,1,）在否定句或疑问句中可用,so as,。,He cannot run so/as fast as you.2,）当,as,as,中间有名词时采用以下格式。,as+,形容词,+a+,单数名词,as+many/much+,名词,This is as good an example as the other is.,I can carry as much paper as you can.3,）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在,as,的,前面。,This room is twice as big as that one.,Your room is the same size as mine.,4),倍数,+the+n+of ,倍数,+as+adj.+as,This bridge is three times as long as that one.,This bridge is three times the length of that one.,Your room is twice as large as mine.,Your room is twice the size of mine.,5),数量词,+senior/junior+to,He is seven years senior to his wife.,I am three years junior to my elder sister.,、,more than,结构,问题,1,：,Is your headache getting _?,No,its worse.,（,05,全国卷,3,）,A,betterB,badC,lessD,well,问题,2,：,Mr.Smith owns _ collection of coins than,anyone else I have ever met.,（,05,山东卷）,A.largerB.a largerC.the largerD.a large,问题,3,：,The number of people present at the concert was,_ than expected.There were many tickets left.,（,04,福建）,A,much smallerB,much more,C,much largerD,many more,A,B,A,问题,4,：,The dictionary gave me a better offer than _.,(1999,上海,),A.that of DicksB.Dicks,C.he gave DickD.those of Dick,问题,5,：,Youre standing too near the camera.Can you move,_?(2000,上海,),A.a bit farB.a little farther,C.a bit of fartherD.a little far,问题,6,：,In that case,there is nothing you can do _ than,wait.(2001,北京春季,),A.moreB.otherC.betterD.any,C,B,B,1,）要避免重复使用比较级。,(,错,)He is more cleverer than his brother.,(,对,)He is cleverer than his brother.2,）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。,(,错,)China is larger that any country in Asia.,(,对,)China is larger than any other country in Asia.3,）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。,The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.,It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.,4,）程度词,a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,many,a lot,lots,a great deal,any,still,even,等词可修饰比较级。除,外，还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。以,上词,(,除,by far),外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前,面。而,by far,一般置于比较级之后和最高级之前。,、,of the two,结构,问题,1,：,Of the two shirts,Id like to choose _ one.(94,上海,),A.the less expensiveB.the most expensive,C.less expensiveD.most expensive,问题,2,：,If the manager had to choose between the two,he would,say John was _ choice.(95,上海,),A.goodB.the bestC.betterD.the better,说明：,在,of the two,结构中，比较级前要加,the,，但如果不在,of the two,结构中，要注意冠词的使用。后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有冠词。比较：,Which is larger,Canada or Australia?,Which is the larger country,Canada or Australia?,She is taller than her two sisters.,She is the taller of the two sisters.,A,D,4,、,the+,最高级,+,比较范围,问题,1,：,David has won the first prize in singing;he is still very excited now and feels_ desire to go to bed.(,05,江苏卷,),A.the most B.more C.worse D.the least,问题,2,：,Greenland,_ island in the world,covers,over two million square kilometers.(2000,上海,),A.it is the largestB.that is the largest,C.is the largestD.the largest,D,D,1),形容词最高级前必须用定冠词,the,，副词最高级前可不用。,The shortest boy runs fastest in the 100-meter race.,形容词,most,前面没有,the,，不表示最高级的含义，只表示,“,非常”。,It is a most important problem.,=It is a very important problem.,注意：,使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。,(,错,),Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.,(,对,),Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.,2),下列词可修饰最高级，,by far,far,much,mostly,almost,This hat is nearly/almost the biggest.,注意：,a.,very,可修饰最高级，但位置与,much,不同。,This is the very best.,This is much the best.,b.,序数词通常只修饰最高级。,Africa is the second largest continent.3),句型转换：,Mike is the most intelligent in his class.,Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.4)“,否定词语,+,比较级,”,，,“,否定词语,+so as”,结构表示最,高级含义。,Nothing is so easy as this.,=Nothing is easier than this.,=This is the easiest thing.,5,、和,more,有关的词组,1)the more the more,越,就越,The harder you work,，,the greater progress youll make.2)more B than A,与其说,A,不如说,B,less A than B,He is more lazy than slow at his work.=He is less slow than lazy at his work.3)no more than,与,一样,(,不,),，不比,多,The officials could see no more than the Emperor.,no less than,与,一样,He is no less diligent than you.4)more than,不只是，非常,She is more than kind to us all.,