英语高中英语翻译试题和解析.doc

（英语） 高中英语翻译试题(有答案和解析)

一、高中英语翻译
1．高中英语翻译题：Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程积极性？(motivate)
2．网上支付以便了客户，不过牺牲了他们隐私。(at the cost of)
3．让我父母非常满意是，从这个公寓餐厅可以俯视街对面世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so)
4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。(whose)

【答案】
1．What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
2．Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.
3．To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.
或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
4．This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.
或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.
【解析】
1．motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，on earth究竟，major in 以…为专业，enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
2．online payment网上支付，brings convenience to给…带来以便，at the cost of以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.
3．To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意是，后者也那样so it is with。也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。overlooks俯视，opposite the street街对面，living room 起居室。故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
4．not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理，be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖，few visitors游客稀少，be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.

2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．熬夜大大影响健康。(affect)
_________________________
2．等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time)
_________________________
3．从长远来看，你知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中问题。(capable)
_________________________
4．据信，过度宠爱孩子会不知不觉地导致孩子坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It)
_________________________

【答案】
1．Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.
2．By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.
3．In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.
4．It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察翻译句子，注意使用括号内提醒词进行翻译。
1．考察非谓语动词。affect表达“影响”，是及物动词，背面直接接宾语，stay up表达“熬夜”，本句使用动名词作主语，陈说是客观事实，用一般目前时，注意动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，故翻译为：Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.
2．考察时态语态。by the time引导时间状语从句，表达未来时间时，从句用一般目前时，主句用未来完毕时，stadium与set up之间是被动关系，因此用未来完毕时被动语态，故翻译为：By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.
3．考察固定句式。be capable of表达“可以”，根据句意可知本句使用“the+比较级，the+比较级”构造，表达“越……，就越……”，陈说是客观事实。用一般目前时，故翻译为：In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.
4．考察形式主语和非谓语动词。ability后用不定式作后置定语，ability to do表达“做……能力”，根据提醒词可知本句使用it作形式主语，真正主语是背面that从句，陈说是客观事实，用一般目前时，故翻译为：It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．这个专家所推荐措施被证明是十分有效。（prove)
2．对国家来说，保护生态环境和保持经济增长同样重要。（as...as)
3．假如有朝一日，学生能亲自参与到课程开发中，那该有多棒啊！（involve)
4．这本新发行杂志不仅会影响青少年对时尚见解，还会启动健康饮食新时尚。(Not only)

【答案】
1．The method recommended by the expert proved (to be) very effective.
2．For/To a country, protecting the environment is as important as maintaining economic growth.
3．How great it is if one day students can be involved in the development of courses on their own.
4．Not only will the newly-released magazine influence teenager's opinions on fashion, but also it will start a new trend towards a healthy diet.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察翻译句子，注意按括号内规定翻译。
1．考察非谓语动词和prove使用方法。The method 与recommend之间是逻辑上动宾关系，表达被动，用过去分词作后置定语，prove用作连系动词，prove(to be)+adj表达“（被）证明是……”，语境表明事情发生在过去，应当用一般过去时，故翻译为：The method recommended by the expert proved (to be) very effective
2．考察非谓语动词和as...as使用方法。根据句意可知本句用动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，as+adj+表达“同……同样……”，陈说是客观事实，应当用一般目前时，故翻译为：For/To a country, protecting the environment is as important as maintaining economic growth.
3．考察感慨句和条件状语从句。根据句意可知本句用how+adj+it is形式感慨句，同步用if引导条件状语从句，表达“假如”，be involved in表达“参与”，故翻译为：How great it is if one day students can be involved in the development of courses on their own.
4．考察倒装。not only…but also表达“不仅……并且”，注意not only 和 but also背面均有主谓构造时，假如not only位于第一分句主语之前，则该分句要部分倒装；后一种分句，即 but also背面不用倒装，故翻译为：Not only will the newly-released magazine influence teenager's opinions on fashion, but also it will start a new trend towards a healthy diet.

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他刚要关闭电脑，就在这时手机响了。(when)
________________________________
2．他将代表全班同学在新年晚会上向老师们表达真诚感谢。(on behalf of)
________________________________
3．我们付出每一次努力未必都能成功，不过但凡值得我们做事情都值得做好。(worth)
________________________________
4．不只是一种人平常言谈举止，就连他目前正在读那本书都清晰地向我们表明了他是一种怎样人。(as well as)
________________________________

【答案】
1． He was about to turn off / shut down the computer when the / his cell / mobile phone rang.
2． On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates, he will express / show / extend sincere gratitude / thanks to the teachers at the New Year / Year’s Party.
3． Every effort that we make can / may not be successful, but whatever is worth our / us doing is worth our / us doing well. / Every effort that we make is not necessarily successful. … / Every effort that we put in is not always going to / does not always work, …
4． The book (that / which) a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds / actions clearly indicates / shows / suggests what kind of person he is.
【解析】
1．本题考察固定句式，be about to do sth.---when---“正要做某事，这时候”，结合所给汉语可知用一般过去时，故答案为He was about to turn off / shut down the computer when the / his cell / mobile phone rang.
2．固定词组：on behalf of“代表---”，结合所给汉语可知主句用未来时，答案为On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates, he will express / show / extend sincere gratitude / thanks to the teachers at the New Year / Year’s Party.
3．句中使用whatever引导主语从句和be worth doing sth.构造，结合所给汉语可知effort后要用that引导定语从句，故答案为Every effort that we make can / may not be successful, but whatever is worth our / us doing is worth our / us doing well. / Every effort that we make is not necessarily successful. … / Every effort that we put in is not always going to / does not always work, …
4．句中使用定语从句和as well as“和---同样”构造，句子主语是as well as之前内容，谓语与主语一致。再结合所给汉语可知book后加定语从句，答案为The book (that / which) a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds / actions clearly indicates / shows / suggests what kind of person he is.

5．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他一交试卷就意识到忘记写名字了。（Hardly）
2．这家医院装备了现代化设施，并且人们乘地铁可以抵达。（accessible）
3．在这样一种迅速变化社会，人们紧张不能得到最新资讯并落后于他人。（afraid）
4．抱着努力不会白费信念，他经历了起起伏伏，最终获得了成功。（belief）

【答案】
1．Hardly had he handed in the test paper when he realized that he had forgotten to write his name on it.
2．This hospital is equipped with modern facilities and is accessible by underground.
3．In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not being able to get the latest information and thus falling behind others. / In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid that they will not be kept updated with the latest information and thus fall behind.
4．Holding /With the belief that his efforts will pay off can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste, he achieved success in the end and after going through ups and downs.
【解析】
1．考察倒装句。根据句意及提醒词可知，本句关键词（组）：hand in“提交”，realize“意识到”，要使用hardly…when…句型，主句使用过去完毕时，从句使用一般过去时，hardly位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装构造。故译为：Hardly had he handed in the test paper when he realized that he had forgotten to write his name on it.
2．考察accessible使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，本句关键词（组）：be equipped with modem facilities“装备了现代化设施”，accessible“易靠近；可进入”，此处描述是客观事实，应使用一般目前时。故译为：This hospital is equipped with modem facilities and is accessible by underground.
3．考察afraid使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，本句关键词（组）：such a rapidly changing society“这样一种迅速变化社会”，be afraid of/that“紧张，胆怯”，be able to do“可以做某事”，get the latest information“得到最新资讯”，fall behind“落后”，此处描述是客观事实，应使用一般目前时。故译为：In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not being able to get the latest information and thus falling behind others. /In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid that they will not be kept updated with the latest information and thus fall behind.
4．考察belief使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，本句关键词（组）：hold/with the belief“坚持信念”，pay off/ can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste“不会白费”, achieve success“获得了成功”，go through ups and downs“经历了起起伏伏”。此处描述“信念”是客观真理，应使一般目前时或未来时，“获得成功”属于过去，应使用一般过去时。故译为：Holding /With the belief that his efforts will pay off/ can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste, he achieved success in the end and after going through ups and downs.

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．虽然天气再热，也不要成天待在空调房间里。(stay)
2．一旦一种人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate)
3．直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自已对于该领域知识是如此匮乏。(It)
4．他们从没想到年终大桥就要建成通车了，这将使他们出行更为便利。(occur, make)

【答案】
1．Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.
2．Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.
3．It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field.
4．It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.
【解析】
1．考察祈使句和让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句为祈使句，同步用even if/even though引导让步状语从句，表达“虽然”，故翻译为：Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.
2．考察条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用once引导条件状语从句，表达“一旦”，并且learn how to think in other people’s position发生在indicate之前，要用目前完毕时，indicate用一般目前时，其后为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that引导，故翻译为：Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.
3．考察not until强调句型。根据句意可知本句使用not until强调句型，其基本构造为：It is not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分，事情发生在过去，应当用一般过去时，故翻译为：It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field.
4．考察固定句式和非限定性定语从句。It occurs to sb. that表达“某人忽然想到……”，同步可以使用非限定性定语从句，用which指代整个主句内容并在从句中做主语，故翻译为：It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.
。

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他排了好几种小时才买到这个新出iPhone。（release）
2．一件雕塑赠送了都市博物馆，以纪念两个都市间珍贵友谊。（present）
3．他一进饭店，就被告知这家饭店可以手机扫二维码点餐。（Hardly）
4．虽说忠告逆耳利于行，这个年龄孩子很叛逆，你越劝，他也许越不会听。（advice）

【答案】
1．He waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone./ Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of / to commemorate / to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed/ told that he could order the food by scanning the code/ QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【解析】
1．考察时态和过去分词作定语。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“排队”wait…in line/ queue，“新出iPhone”the newly-released iPhone，其中一种时间状语从句“过了……才……”…before…；本句还可用“排了好几小时队”目前分词形式作为伴随状语，再结合其他汉语提醒，本句可译为：He had waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone. Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．考察被动语态和短语。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“以纪念”in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honor，“珍贵友谊”precious/ valuable friendship，雕塑 (statue/sculpture)和赠与(present)之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时被动语态，再结合其他汉语提醒，故本句可译为：A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．考察部分倒装和被动语态。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“一……就……”hardly…when…，hardly置于句首时要部分倒装，“告知某人做某事”inform/tell sb. to do sth.，“使用手机扫描二维码”use his mobile phone to scan the QR code/ scan the QR code with his mobile phone，再结合其他汉语提醒，故本句可译为：Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed / told that he could order the food by scanning the code / QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．考察让步状语从句和固定句型。根据提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般目前时；“忠告”faithful/ frank/ honest advice，“越……越……”the + 比较级，the + 比较，“这个年龄孩子”children of this age，“很有也许做某事”be likely to do sth.，“叛逆”rebellious，“听取某人提议”follow one's advice，再结合其他汉语提醒，故本句可译为：Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【点睛】
第三小题考察固定句型hardly…when…“一……就……”，该句型在时态上有规定，即主句用目前完毕时，从句用一般过去时，如把hardly置于句首时，主语要部分倒装。例如：
I had hardly fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。
→Hardly had I fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.
和它使用方法同样句型尚有no sooner…than…和scarcely…when…，例如：
I had no sooner fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。
→No sooner had I fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.

8．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences
1．学生在英语写作中词不达意现象值得每位英语教师关注。(worth)
2．下