部编版八年级语文下《唐诗二首》课件.ppt

24,唐诗二首,R,八年级语文下册,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,漫步在古诗苑中，那纷繁复杂的感情、博大精深的思想，深邃悠远的意境、精彩优美的语言,深深地吸引着我们。今天，就让我们一起来欣赏两首古诗。,新,课,导,入,学,习,目,标,1.,反复诵读，把握诗歌内容，领会诗歌所表现的生活状况。,（重点）,2.,通过朗读领会人物形象，感受作者在诗歌中所表达的情感。,（难点）,3.,体味诗歌的意境，以及作者关心民生疾苦的忧国忧民的思想感情。,（重点）,怒,号,（,）挂,罥,（）,塘,坳,（）,俄,顷,（）,布,衾,（）,恶,卧（）,丧,乱（）,广,厦,（）,大,庇,（）,突,兀,（）,辗,（）车,辙,（）,两,骑,（）,敕,（）,叱,（）,系,（,）三,重,茅（,）挂罥（）,h,o,字,词,学,习,ju,n,o,qn,qn,sn,sh,b,w,nin,zh,j,ch,ch,j,ch,n,ju,n,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,茅屋为秋风所破歌,杜 甫,杜甫,（,712,770,），字子美，自号少陵野老，祖籍襄阳（今湖北襄阳）。他是盛唐时期伟大的现实主义诗人，他一生忧国忧民，创作颇丰，诗艺精湛，被尊称为,“,诗圣,”,。,作,者,简,介,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,其诗抒写个人情怀，往往紧密结合时事，思想深厚，境界广阔，有强烈的现实意义，深刻反映了这个时代的现状，后世将他的诗称为,“,诗史,”,。代表作有,“,三吏,”,(,新安吏,石壕吏,潼关吏,),、,“,三别,”,(,新婚别,垂老别,无家别,),等。,背,景,链,接,茅屋为秋风所破歌,：选自,杜诗详注,卷十（中华书局,1979,年版）。安史之乱造成时局动荡，百姓颠沛流离。公元,759,年底，为了躲避,“,安史之乱,”,，杜甫来到成都。第二年，杜甫在成都涣花溪畔营建了一座草堂，后世称,“,杜甫草堂,”,。在成都的草堂，杜甫总算暂时过上了安定的日子。这时，他已经,49,岁了。,可好景不长，草堂营建不到一年，蜀中政局发生了变化。御史大夫崔光远来兼成都尹，他是个不学无术的赌棍，对诗人杜甫当然不会尊重。,761,年,8,月，成都平原风雨成灾。草堂被吹破了，草堂前的一棵,200,年的楠树也被拔倒了。就在诗人政治上受到冷遇，又加风雨成灾的情况下，杜甫写了,茅屋为秋风所破歌,。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,整,体,感,知,茅屋为秋风所破歌,杜 甫,八月秋高风怒号，卷我屋上三重茅。茅飞渡江洒江郊，高者挂罥长林梢，下者飘转沉塘坳。,南村群童欺我老无力，忍能对面为盗贼。公然抱茅入竹去，唇焦口燥呼不得，归来倚杖自叹息。,俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂。床头屋漏无干处，雨脚如麻未断绝。自经丧乱少睡眠，长夜沾湿何由彻！,安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜！风雨不动安如山。呜呼！何时眼前突兀见此屋，吾庐独破受冻死亦足！,八月秋高风怒号，卷我屋上三重茅。茅飞渡江洒江郊，高者挂罥长林梢，下者飘转沉塘坳。,秋深,。,秋高：,怒号：,三重茅：,挂罥：,长：,沉塘坳：,大声吼叫。,多层茅草。三，表示多数。,高。,沉到池塘水中。坳，水势低的地方。,挂着，挂住。罥，挂结。,飞,飘,洒,挂,沉,诗,歌,解,读,描写,“,秋风破屋,”,的情景。,卷,情景交融：,三幅鲜明的图画，拨动诗人的心弦，交代了茅草的三个下落。,“,卷,”“,飞,”“,洒,”“,挂,”“,飘,”“,沉,”,这些动词，形象地写出了风吹茅草的情状，流露出诗人焦灼、苦痛无奈的心情。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.,第,1,段中哪些词语描写出了风势之大？请找出来加以赏析。,先用,“,怒,”,字把秋风拟人化，,“,风怒号,”,三字写出了秋风声之宏大，使人如闻秋风咆哮，很形象。,“,卷、飞、洒、挂罥、飘转,”,把风势的猛烈描绘得淋漓尽致，将一幅秋风卷茅的画面生动地呈现出来，从而使诗人的无奈之情自然流露。,一叹老天无情毁屋；二叹儿童幼稚，不明诗人苦衷；三叹黎民生活困苦（战乱给人民造成的痛苦）。,为：,竹：,呼不得：,做,。,竹林。,喝止不住,。,南村群童欺我老无力，忍能对面为盗贼。公然抱茅入竹去，唇焦口燥呼不得，归来倚杖自叹息。,写对,“,群童抱茅,”,的感叹。,2.,如何理解诗人称孩童为,“,盗贼,”,？,群童抱茅只是顽皮而已，然而诗人却将孩童称为,“,盗贼,”,，还感到,“,欺,”,，是为了表达自己因,“,老无力,”,而受到欺负的无奈、愤懑心情，并不是真的给抱茅草的孩童冠以,“,盗贼,”,的罪名。,俄顷：,漠漠：,向昏黑：,衾：,恶卧：,雨脚如麻：,丧乱：,何由彻：,抒情：,表现出诗人既盼雨停又盼天亮的迫切心情。,一会儿。,俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂。床头屋漏无干处，雨脚如麻未断绝。自经丧乱少睡眠，长夜沾湿何由彻！,阴沉迷蒙的样子。,渐渐黑下来。,被子。,睡相不好。,形容雨点不间断，像下垂的麻线一样密集。,战乱，指安史之乱。,如何挨到天亮。,写屋漏床湿，长夜无眠，令人愁苦。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.,为什么要写,“,布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂,”,？,这两句诗相对于,“,茅屋为秋风所破,”,这一题材，以及,“,安得广厦千万间,”,这一主题而言，似乎有些游离，其实，诗人的用意是为下文写屋破漏雨蓄势，营造一种雪上加霜的凄苦氛围；同时又从一个具体的角度写出了生活的艰辛。,4.,诗人为何长夜难眠？,“,长夜沾湿何由彻,”,一句体现了诗人怎样的情怀？,从眼前的处境想到安史之乱以来的种种痛苦经历，从风雨飘摇中的茅屋联想到战乱频繁、残破不堪的国家，然后又回到现实，忧国忧民，加上,“,长夜沾湿,”,，怎能入睡呢？,“,何由彻,”,与前面的,“,未断绝,”,照应，表现了诗人盼雨停，又盼天亮的迫切心情。同时，,“,长夜沾湿何由彻,”,还有更深层的含义，诗人从眼前景想到过去事，再想到未来，自己、国家都在风雨飘摇中挣扎。,安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜！风雨不动安如山。呜呼！何时眼前突兀见此屋，吾庐独破受冻死亦足！,表现了诗人舍己为人、至死不悔的决心及其博大的胸襟和崇高的思想。,安得：,广厦：,庇：,寒士：,呜呼：,突兀：,见：,吾：,哪里能得到。,宽敞的大屋。,遮盖，掩护。,高耸的样子。,通,“,现,”,，出现。,写诗人推己及人、忧国忧民的崇高思想,贫寒的士人。,书面感叹词，表叹息。,我。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,5.,“,安得,安如山,”,三句句式有何特点？表现了诗人怎样的情怀？,三个句式，前后用七字句，中间用九字句，句句蝉联而下，,“,广厦,”“,千万间,”“,大庇,”“,天下,”,“,欢颜,”“,安如山,”,等，读来铿锵有力，果断坚决，准确地表现了诗人从,“,床头屋漏无干处,”“,长夜沾湿何由彻,”,的痛苦体验中迸发出来的无奈的呐喊和深切的期盼。这里，诗人跳出个人的圈子，表现了对天下寒士的无限关怀。,怎么看待杜甫,“,安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜,”,的这种情怀？,深,入,探,究,这首诗描绘了秋风破屋，长夜沾湿的情景，反映了战乱中诗人的痛苦生活，表现了他对人民的同情，同时也表现了诗人推己及人、舍己为人的高尚品德和忧国忧民的祟情怀。,主,题,概,括,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,结,构,梳,理,茅屋为秋风所破歌,叙事写实,饱览民生疾苦,体察人间冷暖,抒发情怀,秋风破屋，卷走茅草,群童戏谑，诗人叹息,屋漏床湿，彻夜难眠,推己及人，忧国忧民,博大胸怀，崇高理想,卖炭翁,白居易,（,772,846,），字乐天，号香山居士，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称,“,元白,”,，与刘禹锡并称,“,刘白,”,。,作,者,简,介,白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有,“,诗魔,”,之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。有,白氏长庆集,传世，代表诗作有,长恨歌,卖炭翁,琵琶行,等。,本诗选自,白居易集,卷四（中华书局,1979,年版）。本诗是白居易,新乐府,组诗中的第三十二首，自注云：,“,卖炭翁,，苦宫市也。,”,白居易写作,新乐府,是在元和（唐宪宗年号，,806,820,）初年，这正是宫市为害最深的时候。他对宫市十分的了解，又对人民有深切的同情，所以才能写出这首感人至深的,卖炭翁,来。,写,作,背,景,皇宫所需的物品，本来由官吏采买。中唐时期，宦官专权，横行无忌，连这种采购权也抓了过去，常有数十百人分布在长安东西两市及热闹街坊，以低价强购货物，甚至不给分文，还勒索,“,进奉,”,的,“,门户钱,”,及,“,脚价钱,”,。名为,“,宫市,”,，实际是一种公开的掠夺。诗人有感于此，写下本诗。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,卖炭翁，,伐,薪烧炭南山中。满面尘灰,烟火色,，两鬓,苍苍,十指黑。卖炭,得,钱,何所营,？,卖炭翁,白居易,砍伐。,烟熏色的脸。此处突出卖炭翁的辛劳。,灰白。,得到。,课,文,解,读,做什么用。谋求，需求。,身上衣裳口中食。,可怜,身上衣正单，心忧炭贱,愿,天寒。夜来城外一尺雪，,晓,驾炭车,辗,冰,辙,。牛,困,人饥日已高，,市,南门外泥中歇。,使人怜悯。,希望。,天亮。,同,“,碾,”,，压。,车轮滚过地面碾出的痕迹。,困倦，疲乏。,城市中划定的集中进行交易的场所。唐代长安有东西两市，各有东西南北四门。,翩翩,两,骑,来是谁？,黄衣使者白衫儿,。手,把,文书口称,敕,，回车,叱,牛,牵向北,。,轻快的样子。,骑马的人。,黄衣使者，指太监。白衫儿，指太监手下的爪牙。,指皇帝的命令。,吆喝。,长安城宫廷在北面，集市在南面。,拿。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,一车炭，千余斤，宫使驱,将,惜不得,。,半匹红,纱一丈绫,，,系,向牛头充炭,直,。,助词，用于动词之后。,吝惜不得。得，能够。惜，舍。,唐代商品交易，钱帛并用，但,“,半匹江纱一丈绫,”,远远低于一车炭的价值。,同,“,值,”,，价钱。,挂。,1.,从诗中哪里可以看出卖炭翁的炭来之不易？,复杂的工序、漫长的劳动过程、工作环境的恶劣,伐薪烧炭南山中。,满面尘灰烟火色，,两鬓苍苍十指黑。,伐薪烧炭南山中。,满面尘灰烟火色，,两鬓苍苍十指黑。,脸：焦黄色,鬓发：灰白,十指：乌黑,形象地描绘出卖炭翁的生存状态：一是劳动的艰辛，一是年岁已老。,2.,“,衣正单,”“,愿天寒,”“,可怜,”,分别包含老翁和作者各自怎样的心理和情感？,“,衣正单,”,，本该希望天暖，然而却,“,愿天寒,”,，只因为他把解决衣食问题的全部希望都寄托在,“,卖炭得钱,”,上。这两句写出了,主人公艰难的处境和复杂矛盾的内心活动,。,“,可怜,”,二字，倾注着诗人,深深的同情，不平之感,，自在不言之中。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.,“,晓驾炭车辗冰辙,”,中的,“,辗,”,字有什么表达效果？,“,辗,”,字既写出了,天气寒冷,，已经结了冰，从而突出说明了卖炭翁的辛苦，又写出了,牛车的重量,，说明了卖炭翁的勤劳。,4.,“,牛困人饥日已高,”,写出了哪些内容？,作者不写雪地赶车行走的整个过程，只用七个字，就把,路远、车重、雪厚、人苦,全部托出。至此，作者笔墨暂时收住，木炭能不能卖出，是老翁悬心的事，也是读者迫切想知道的结果。,5.,“,翩翩两骑来是谁,”,中的,“,翩翩,”,一词表现了宫使怎样的形象？,“,翩翩,”,，轻快的样子。这里表现了,宫使得意忘形,，,骄横无理的样子,，与卖炭翁,为生活操劳的凄惨形象,形成了,鲜明的对比,，揭露了唐代,“,宫市,”,的罪恶。,6.,“,把,”“,称,”“,叱,”“,牵,”,几个动词有何深意？,形象地描绘出宫使如狼似虎般的蛮横。,“,文书,”,，是行政机构间互相往来的平行公文。按理，小太监手里是不会有这种公文的，更不用说是,“,敕,”,，也就是皇帝的文书了。这里有讽刺之意，将宫使狐假虎威、巧取豪夺的情形活灵活现地表现了出来。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,深,入,探,究,1,、,卖炭翁,一诗中多处运用了对比，请分别找出，并说说各自的作用。,“,一车炭，千余斤,”,与,“,半匹红纱一丈绫,”,对比，写出了宫使掠夺的残酷；,“,牛困人饥,”,与,“,翩翩两骑,”,对比，反衬出劳动者与统治者境遇的悬殊：劳动者的艰辛，宫使的得意忘形、骄横无理；,“,衣正单,”,与,“,愿天寒,”,对比，写出卖炭翁买衣食的迫切心情及艰难处境。,2,、我们知道，白居易主张,“,歌诗合为事而作,”,，同学们想想看，诗人通过卖炭翁的故事想反映什么样的社会现实？我们今天应该怎样做？,诗人塑造了卖炭翁这个典型形象，概括了唐代劳动人民的辛酸和悲苦，揭露了宫市的弊端以及带给劳动人民的不幸，揭露了当时社会的黑暗，同时也表现出作者对下层劳动人民的深切同情。,主,题,概,括,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,结,构,梳,理,卖炭翁,老翁,老翁艰辛,官吏蛮横,宫使,烧炭艰辛,运炭艰难,炭被掠夺,夺炭,仗势凌人（肖像、动作描写）,蛮横冷酷,肖像、心理、动作描写,观刈麦,【,白居易,】,田家少闲月，五月人倍忙。夜来南风起，小麦覆陇黄。,妇姑荷箪食，童稚携壶浆。相随饷田去，丁壮在南冈。,足蒸暑土气，背灼炎天光。力尽不知热，但惜夏日长。,复有贫妇人，抱子在其旁。右手秉遗穗，左臂悬敝筐。,听其相顾言，闻者为悲伤。家田输税尽，拾此充饥肠。,今我何功德，曾不事农桑。吏禄三百石，岁晏有余粮。,念此私自愧，尽日不能忘。,拓,展,阅,读,观刈麦,课后习题参考答案,一、,茅屋为秋风所破歌,分为四节，试概括每节的内容，并说说其中蕴含着诗人怎样的思想感情。,参考答案：,第一节：秋风破屋：环境。展现系列动态，牵动诗人的视线，拨动着诗人痛苦的心弦。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成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