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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 4 Transportation and Distribution,Text 1,Transportation Mode,Dialogue 1,Negotiating about the Transportation Conditions,Text 2,Distribution Management,Dialogue 2,Partial Shipment and Transshipment,1/48,Task 1：warm up,1.,写出你能想到与运输相关单词或词组。,2/48,Key words and terms,Transportation modes 运输方式,Road transport/rail transport/air transport/water transport/pipeline,Intermodal transportation 多式联运,Intermodal transport operator 多式联运经营人,Intermodal service 联运服务,Trucking 卡车运输,maritime transport 海洋运输,3/48,General cargo ship 普通货船,Refrigerator ship 冷藏船,Container ship 集装箱船,Lash-lighter aboard ship/barge carrying ship 载驳船,Oil tanker 油船,Chemical tanker 化学品船,Liner 班轮运输,Tramper 不定时货船,Charter on a time basis(time charter)定时租船,Charter on a voyage basis(voyage charter)航次租船,4/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,【Para 1】What is transportation,（什么是运输？）,Every firm requires the movement of goods from the point to another point.Transportation refers to the physical movement of goods from a point of origin to a point of consumption.It can involve raw materials being brought into the production process or finished goods being shipped to the customer.Transportation is one of the most significant areas of logistics management.Railway,road,waterway,air,and pipeline transportation make up the major modes of transport in modern society.Each mode has its own requirements and features.In the following paragraphs we look at some of the different characteristics of each transport mode.,5/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,【Para 2】Railway Transportation,（铁路运输）,Rail offers cost-effective transport of large quantities of cargos over long distance.It is especially good for cargo,e,s with high volume and low value,such as coal,timber and grain.Over the past years rail usage has declined as road transport has taken over short haul business and water transport has taken bulk commodities freight.Rail transport is one of the most energy efficient modes of land transport.Environmental and safe consideration also favor rail over road transport.,6/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,However,the major disadvantages of railway are the inherent inflexibility of operation,fixed time schedules and service from terminal to terminal.,7/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,【Para 3】Road Transportation,（公路运输）,Road transport is widely used in inland delivery of goods.This mode tends to be used for higher-value and lower-volume cargo over relatively short distance.It is capable of providing a door to door service.It has not any break in the journey to change from one vehicle to another.So it can be flexible enough to perform“just-in-time”delivery.Any work place in the country can be serviced by road.,8/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,The advantages of road transport are flexibility of both location and time and speed of delivery.With the development of road transport,new types of problem,such as a significant growth of fuel consumption,air,pollution,traffic congestion,and road accidents have,emerged.,9/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,【Para 4】Waterway Transportation,（水路运输）,Waterway transportation includes maritime and river transportation.As the oldest mode of transport,waterway has developed considerably over the last decades.Waterway is utilized for large loads of low-value-per-unit goods.The carriers are specialized for internal river,canal transport,and international deep-sea ships.,10/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,It is the cheapest method of moving goods world wide.The main advantage of shipping industry lies in moving the vast quantities of,cargo in one ship.The main,disadvantage is the speed of,the ship which is very slowly.,11/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,【Para 5】Air Transportation,（航空运输）,Air transport has been increased tremendously and plays a more important role in global logistics than ever before.Air transport accounts for the smallest proportion of cargo transportation.Its growth rate in recent years is the highest among the modes of transport.It offers rapid and flexible delivery.The major advantage of air freight is the speed of travel.The longer the distance of the flight,the greater the time saving of the customer.Air transport is primarily used for:,12/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,Emergency transport of the critical items,Speedy transport of high-value,low-weight products,Speedy transport of perishable items,13/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,【Para 6】Pipeline Transportation,（管道运输）,The basic nature of pipeline is unique in comparison to all other modes of transport.Pipelines operate on a twenty-four-hour basis,seven days per week.Pipeline routes are practically unlimited.Pipelines are,usually used to transit natural gas,petroleum and coal.,14/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,New Words and Phrases,movement,n.,移动，运动,origin,n.,生产地，原产地,consumption,n.,消费,significant,adj.,重大，有意义,requirement,n.,需求，需要,feature,n.,特点，特征,characteristic,n.,特征，特征,15/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,coal,n.,煤,timber,n.,木材,grain,n.,粮食，谷物,haul,n.,拖拉，运输,bulk,adj.,大批，散装,environmental,adj.,环境,inflexibility,n.,不变性,schedule,n.,时间表,terminal,n.,终点站，终端,16/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,vehicle,n.,车辆，交通工具,pollution,n.,污染,congestion,n.,堵塞，阻塞,emerge,v.,显现，形成,maritime,adj.,海运，海上,canal,n.,运河,tremendously,adv.,非常，惊人,proportion,n.,部分，百分比,emergency,n.,紧急情况，紧急事件,17/48,Text 1 Transportation Mode,perishable,adj.,新鲜，易腐烂,petroleum,n.,石油,raw material,原材料,production process,生产线,finished goods,成品,cost-effective,经济有效,door to door service,门到门运输服务,in comparison to,与,比较,18/48,Dialogue 1 Negotiating about the Transportation Conditions,New Words and Phrases,settle,v.,安排，处理,document,n.,文件，单证,prompt,adj.,快速，马上,commit,v.,委托，从事,balance,n.,余额，剩下,effect,v.,实现，推行,Stipulate,v.,指定，要求，约定,19/48,Dialogue 1 Negotiating about the Transportation Conditions,tramp,n.,不定时租船,terms of payment,支付条款,partial shipment,分批装运,shipping space,舱位,declare a claim,索赔,20/48,Dialogue 1 Negotiating about the Transportation Conditions,Tips,：,1,What would be your earliest delivery date?,2,I think the earliest shipment we can make is.,3,Prompt shipment is very important to us.,4,We try our best to advance shipment,but we cannot commit ourselves.,5,The last thing we want to do is to postpone the delivery date.,6,It will be better to ship them all at one time so that we couldnt miss the sales season.,7,If you are in urgent need of the goods,we suggest that you allow partial shipment.,8,I assure you the shipment will be effected in time.,21/48,Exercise,Translate,多式联运,_ transportation,货运标志,_ marks,运输模式,transportation _,铁路运输,_ transport,冷藏拖车,_ trailers,中转运输,_ transport,运输费用,_ costs,物流运输基础设施,Logistics transportation _,22/48,Exercise,1.Transport provides flexibility and exists not only as a link between the different elements of the supply chain,but also raw materials to processing plant,distribution of finished goods to wholesalers and retailers.,2.The transport decision on modal choice is a very complex matter and relative effect of costs should not be under-estimated.,Translate the following sentences into Chinese.,23/48,Exercise,3.Based on the reality of chain enterprise and distribution centre in China,this paper discusses the development strategy and the distribution model about the regional distribution centre of chain enterprises.,4.Warehouses focus on minimizing the operating costs to meet shipping requirements,while DCs focus on maximizing the profit impact of fulfilling customer delivery requirement.,24/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,【Para 1】What is the Distribution Center?,（什么是配送中心？）,Distribution center is a logistics link.Its main function is to carry on physical distribution.In detail,it is a large and automated center destined to receive goods from various plants and suppliers,take order,fill them efficiently,and deliver goods to customers on time.,25/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,【Para 2】The difference between Distribution Centers and Warehouses,（配送中心和仓库区分）,Unlike a warehouse,however,its emphasis is on the moving of goods rather than on long-term storage center.It is located close to a major market.It can achieve to the rapid processing of orders and shipment of good to customers.The differences in detail are as follows:,26/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,Warehouses(Ws)handle most products in receiving,storing,picking and shipping;while distribution centers(DCs)handle most products in receiving,picking,packaging and shipping.,Ws perform a minimum of value-added activities(receive-store-ship generally in original forms),while DCs perform a great deal of value-added activities,e.g.,final assembly.,Ws collect data in batches(generally receive and ship goods in batches),while DCs collect data in real time.,27/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,Ws store all products(slow or fast moving),while DCs hold predominantly high demand items.,Ws focus on minimizing the operating costs to meet shipping requirements,while DCs focus on maximizing the profit impact of fulfilling customer delivery requirement.,28/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,【Para 3】Operation Flow of Distribution Center,（配送中心运作流程）,There are seven steps of operation flow in the distribution center.,Goods consolidation,：,It refers to receive goods from various plants and suppliers.,Storage,：,It refers to keep the goods in the warehouses.,29/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,Order Picking：It refers to pick up the destined goods according to the orders.,Purchase：It refers to make orders with the suppliers.,Order fill：It refers to fill the orders.,Sorting：It refers to put the goods into separated package according to the order.,Distribution：It refers to dispatch the goods in the specific transportation mode.,30/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,【Para 4】Cost of Distribution,（配送成本）,Distribution is an important aspect of a companys marketing and production effort and the costs of distribution bear on the final delivered cost of any product.,Transportation costs,：,The most used mode of transportation is highway motor transport.But the cost of this mode is relatively high.Changing the location and the number of warehouses change transportation costs in unanticipated and complex ways.,31/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,Storage costs,：,To provide customer service through the companys chosen channels of distribution,some warehousing is required.The keeping of stocks gives rise to costs.,Costs of production,：,It varies between locations,with the level of investment and with the volume of output.Production decisions must take account of distribution costs.,32/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,Communications and data processing costs,：,It varies with the complexity of the distribution function and operation.This includes the level of customer service provided,order processing,inventory control and transport documentation.,33/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,New Words and Phrases,link,n.,连接点,destine,v.,预定，指定,supplier,n.,供给者，供给商,efficient,adj.,有效率，最经济,emphasis,n.,强调，重点,collect,v.,集合，搜集,predominantly,adv.,压倒性，主要,34/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,consolidation,n.,联合，配货,sort,v.,分类，分拣,separate,v.,分离，隔离,dispatch,v.,派遣，发送,anticipate,v.,预期，预料,complex,adj.,复杂，合成,complexity,n.,复杂性,documentation,n.,文件，单证,35/48,Text 2 Distribution Management,value-added 增值,in batches 分批地，成批地,real time 实时,order picking 订单拣选,order fill 订单推行,give rise to 造成，引发,36/48,Dialogue 2 Partial Shipment and Transshipment,New Words and Phrases,urgent,adj.,紧急，迫切,divide,v.,分割，分类,via,prep.,经由，经过,guarantee,v.,确保，承诺,transshipment,n.,转运，转船,damage,n.,损失，损害,consignment,n.,委托，运输之货物,partial shipment,分批装运,end-user,最终用户,in advance,提前,37/48,Dialogue 2 Partial Shipment and Transshipment,Tips,：,1.On examination,15 cases were found to be badly damaged.,2,We have to claim on you for.,3,We regret being unable to accept your claim because the case were in perfect condition when the goods were loaded.,4,According to the surveyors report,the damage is caused by improper.,38/48,Dialogue 2 Partial Shipment and Transshipment,5,We shall try to make up the loss you sustained.,6,The mistake is on our side.Well arrange to send you replacement at once and weve also prepared to meet your claim.,7.Weve already told you that this is a case of Force Majeure.Its exempt from claim.,8.We hope all disputes can be settled by negotiation.,39/48,Exercise,Translate the following sentences into English.,1.,配送中心是一个把完成物资配送作为其主要功效物流结点。,2.,航空运输含有速度上优势。,3.,运输是指货物在不一样地点之间物理性移动。,4.,伴随国际贸易快速发展，运输设施得到了大大改进以满足日益增加需求。,40/48,Exercise,Case Study 1:,海运是最常见运输方式,Tom:,早上好，比尔。我在把我货物运输到国外问题上碰到了麻烦，这是我第一次跨国交易。你能告诉我，我该怎么做才能使得我利润最高吗？,Bill,：不要着急。刚开始你能够考虑运输方式，然后就试着找一个好运输企业或者货运代理。,Tom,：当然，我们正在考虑这个。不过哪种运输是最好呢？,Bill,：总来说，海运是最常见。在中国和大多数外国国家，假如你货物很多而且目标地很远话，这是全部运输中最廉价。,Tom,：哦，这就是为何很多企业选择海运作为他们货物传送方式了。,41/48,Exercise,Bill,：是啊，不过海运程序很麻烦，所以很多企业选择不亲自去谈细节，而是拜托给代理商。,Tom,：你能为我分析一下其它运输方式吗？,Bill,：火车通惯用来运输量大、低价值、长距离产品。卡车能够停在一个城市任何地方而且交付货物可直接进入市场。一旦装车完成可马上出发。,Tom,：空运呢？,Bill,：空运是最快，不过有些贵。不过把速度考虑进去，它会很有效。食品和一些紧急物资通常被选择用飞机运输。,Tom,：谢谢你，你提醒我很多东西。,42/48,Exercise,Case Study 2:,配送中心与仓库区分,Jack:,早上好，,Tom,。我有件事情想请教您，能够吗？,Tom,：当然能够。,Jack,：仓库和配送中心区分是什么？,Tom,：与仓库不一样，配送中心强调是货物运输而非长久储存。它是一个短期存放中心，靠近主要市场，为订单快捷处理和向客户送货提供方便。,Jack,：我知道仓库经过接收、存放、运输和分拣四个步骤来处理大部分物品。那么配送中心呢？,Tom,：配送中心经过接收和运输两个步骤来处理大部分产品。,43/48,Exercise,Case Study 2:,配送中心与仓库区分,Jack,：仓库所进行活动附加值非常低。,Tom,：是啊，配送中心所进行许多活动含有附加值，比如最终包装。,Jack:,我还知道是，仓库分批搜集数据，而配送中心实时搜集数据。,Tom,：,仓库储存全部物品，而配送中心主要储存需求量大物品。,Jack,：仓库主要是在到达运输要求时实现运行成本最小化，我说对吗？,Tom,：是，配送中心主要是在到达客户送货要求时实现利润最大化。,44/48,Dialogue 2 Partial Shipment and Transshipment,Supplementary Reading,Maersk Logistics Company,Maersk Logistics China opened in mid June a large National Distribution Center(NDC)in Jiu ting Town in Shanghai,Chinese government officials including Zhou Xue Di,Deputy Magistrate of song jiang District,Liu Wei Zhong,Deputy Magistrate of Huangpu District,Liu Wei Zhong,Deputy Magistrate of Huangpu District,and officials from Jiuting Town attended the opening ceremony,which was inaugurated by Tom Behrens Sorensen,President of Maersk China Shipping Co Ltd.,45/48,Dialogue 2 Partial Shipment and Transshipment,The new Maersk Logistics facility is about 14,000 sqm large and is located in the jiuting economic development zone of Songjiang District,an ideal location for an integrated logistics center in the greater Shanghai area,The NDC is conveniently linked to Shanghais outer expressway,providing easy access to and from key ports,roads and other distribution channels for importers,local manufacturers and exporters.,46/48,Dialogue 2 Partial Shipment and Transshipment,“,The NDC establishment in Shanghai is an important first step in our fully controlled Pan China Distribution Network”stated Steffen Schiottz Christensen,Managing Director of Maersk Logistics(china)Co Ltd.“It provides our customers with an unmatched service level efficiently managed by our skilled employees and supported by an advanced IT platform.”,The new NDC will offer customers specialized Supply Chain Management services including cross docking,storage,sorting facilities,import,export,and distribution in China.In addition,Maersk Logistics state of the a
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