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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Message of the Land,Pira Sudham,1/60,我爱这土地,艾青,假如我是一只鸟，,我也应该用嘶哑喉咙歌唱：,这被暴风雨所打击土地，,这永远汹涌着我们悲愤河流，,这无止息地吹刮着激怒风，,和那来自林间无比温柔拂晓,然后我死了，,连羽毛也腐烂在土地里面。,为何我眼里常含泪水？,因为我对这土地爱得深沉,A Poem,2/60,3,What does“land”mean to you?What are the differences among“land”,“soil”and“earth”?,3/60,4,material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow,土地,territory over which rule or control is exercised,国土,the solid part of the earths surface,陆地,earth,是相对于天空或太空而言“地面”,;,land,是指地球表面相对于海洋而言时“地面”,ground,指人们在上面行走地面或含有一定面积程度空地。,soil,主要表示栽培植物“土壤”,也可引申为“国土,国度”。,4/60,5,guess,Do you know what these nicknames refer to?,Land of the Rising Sun,Land of the Rose,Land of the Shamrock,Land of Cakes,Land of Golden Fleece,Land of Thistle,Land of the Stars and Stripes,Scotland,Japan,U.S.A,Ireland,England,Australia,5/60,About the Author,Pira Sudham was born in a poor family in 1942 in rural Esarn.,Pira Sudham spent his childhood in the rice fields on the Korat Plateau,helping his parents and tending a herd of buffaloes until he went to Bangkok(,曼谷/泰国首都),at the age of fourteen to be a servant to monks in a Buddhist temple where he was also admitted to a school.,6,6/60,7,To support himself through high school and the first year at the Faculty of Arts(,文学院),Chulalongkorn University,he sold souvenirs to tourists until he won a New Zealand(,新西兰大洋洲),government scholarship to study English literature at Auckland(,奥克兰/新西兰港市),University and later at Victoria University,Wellington(,惠灵顿/新西兰）,.,7/60,About the Author,His writings began to appear in literary publications in New Zealand,Hong Kong and the United States before his first book,Tales of Thailand,was published in 1983,followed by,People of Esarn,in 1987.,He has lived for over ten years in Australia and the United Kingdom,where he wrote,Monsoon Country,(1988),and its sequel,The Force of Karma,().,Pira Sudham is the Thai author writing in English who was nominated for the 1990 Nobel Prize for Literature.His novel and short stories provide insights into Thai life,particularly that of rural northeast Thailand.,8,8/60,About the Author,People of Esarn,Pira Sudham conveys the inner voices of his subjects regardless of how illiterate,timid and insignificant they seem in their daily lives.Their simplicity and sensitivity come through his direct and clear prose,yet moving and touching.He writes with understanding and compassion for his people.,Foreign writers writing about the Thai people look at Thailand from the outside,but Pira Sudham writes about his people and country as seen from the inside.This is one of the things that makes them so fascinating.,9,9/60,About the Author,Monsoon Country,It depicts the problems of social transition in present day Thailand and gives insights,into Thai life in the rural northeast.It is set in Thailand,England and Germany to convey the cultural tension between the East and the West,the clashes between the new powers and the old values,covering the span of 25 years of the social-economic and political changes occurring in Thailand.,10,10/60,About the Author,11,Others Comments:,-“Pira Sudham has given a voice to the poor of Thailand.”,-“Pira Sudham is undoubtedly one of the foremost Thai writers of today,a formidable vivisector to reveal the hidden aspects of Thai society.”,11/60,About the Author,Pira Sudhams Own Words:,If I had not left my village then,I would,have been subject,like most villagers,to the mercy of nature:floods,drought,disease,ignorance and scarcity.With endurance,I would have accepted them as my own fate,as something I cannot go against in this life.”,In my mind I carry memories of childhood,of life in villages,much as a pregnant woman carrying a child.Every day these images grow,and I know that one day I shall have to give birth to them through the medium of writing.Besides,I dont want people in our villages,so far removed from other peoples because of distance and poverty,to be born,suffer and to die in vain.,12,12/60,Bangkok,13,Bangkok,is the capital and largest city of Thailand.,Bangkok is one of the fastest-growing,most economically dynamic and socially progressive cities in Southeast Asia.,But it suffers from social problems as a result of its rapid growth.It is also one of the worlds most popular tourist destinations.,13/60,Bangkok,14,Bangkok,is the economic center of,Thailand.Tourism is a major source of,revenue.The city contains many Buddhist,temples(known in Thai as Wats),The city,is a famous jewelry center,buying and,selling silver and bronze ware,14/60,15,15/60,Thai Buddhism,16,B,uddhism is Thailands main religion.94%of Thai people are Buddhist.,Buddhism is linked with the historical Indian prince,Siddharta Gautama,（释迦牟尼）,who became the Buddha and reached the enlightenment.Now his teachings are still followed.His teachings say that people suffer because they are attached to material things,to women or men by heart links.These links cause suffer,jealousy and pain.People are never satisfied,i.e.they want more money,more power.,T,he aim of Buddhism is to get rid of these pains and of these links.,16/60,Thai Buddhism,17,If you have done good deeds in your life,next life will be better.If you have done bad deeds,next life will be harsh.,17/60,Monks in Thailand,18,M,onks life is based on 227 monastic,mnstk,僧侣,rules and 5 major precepts,i.e.no sex,no lies,no robbery,no alcohol,no killing.A boy is not a man if he hasnt been a monk once in his life.,E,ven the King of Thailand,Rama 9,（罗摩）,had been a monk for one month.In old days this period was three months.Now it can be only a few weeks or a few days.,18/60,Monks in Thailand,19,Some families still refuse to marry their daughter if the future husband hasnt ever been a monk.It means that he isnt ripe enough.,A boy that becomes a monk for a few months is making a really good action towards his parents.,I,n a bus,seats in the back are reserved to monks.If a woman is sitting there,she should leave because a woman cannot touch a monk.,19/60,20,Genre,Essay based on an interview,Interviewer:the author,Interviewees:a farmer and his wife,Topic:life in the country,20/60,21,Stylistic feature,colloquial,short sentences,small and easy words,straightforward language,21/60,Activities,22,Interview:,Organize the class into groups of 4 with one as a reporter and the other 3 as interviewees.,Topic:Chinese university students view of the life and people in the countryside,Time arrangement:3 minutes for the interview and 2 minutes for the interviewer to report to the class.,22/60,About the Text,Structure,Part 1:The wifes speech,(,para,.1-),(,para,.-),Part 2:The farmers speech,(,para,.-11),23,The wife tells us briefly about each member of her family and how all her children left.,This part focuses on the changes that she finds she cant adjust to.,The farmer tells us what he thinks are the roots of all evils.He also tells us what joys he finds in life and in farming.,3,4,7,8,23/60,Text Analysis,Changes in family,Changes in the village,The wifes,complaints,The,farmers,complaints,None of the,children will,come back,to inherit,the land.,Greed,anger,and lust are,the root of all evils.,No young man will care,what message the land gives.,the loss of traditional values and the way of life,All four,children,went away.,Children wear,jeans instead.,no barter,but cash,no pay-free help,plastic things instead,only the old on the land,no practice of the old customs,no respect for the old,24/60,Text Analysis,My husband moved into our houses as is the way with us in Esarn.(1),“As”introduces a defining relative clause and functions as its subject,representing what is stated in the main clause.,25/60,Text Analysis,They come home to see us,now and then,stay a few days,and then they,are off,again.,(every),now and then,:now and again;occasionally,be off,:be away from a place,26/60,here and there,up and down,ups and downs,the ins and outs,back and forth,处处，处处,上上下下，起伏地，往返地，详尽地,盛衰，浮沉,细节,一五一十,角角落落,来往返回地,Text Analysis,27/60,Text Analysis,and it,is like,a knife,piercing,my heart.,Simile：,（明喻）,A simile is a brief comparison,usually introduced by the preposition“,like,”or the conjunction“,as,”,and etc.,A simile consists of two parts:tenor and vehicle.The,tenor,is the primary subject;the,vehicle,is the thing to which the main subject is compared to.,28/60,29,He has ears which dont hear,a mouth which doesnt speak,and eyes that dont see.,Text Analysis,Questions:,Does the wife really mean that her husband is deaf,dumb and blind?,29/60,30,Text Analysis,Maybe its,fate,that sent them away from us.,master of ones fate,掌握自己命运,You are the,master of your fate,!,你主宰着自己命运,!,30/60,Our piece of land is small,and it is no longer fertile,bleeding year after year and,like us,getting old and exhausted.,personification,Our land is getting poorer with each passing year,like us who are getting old,weak and tired.,present participle phrases functioning as a cause,Text Analysis,31/60,32,Text Analysis,but in a bad year,its,not only the,ploughs,that,break,but our hearts,too.,emphatic form,When there is a draught,the soil is so hard that it breaks the ploughs and we feel so sad that our hearts break too.,Zeugma:,a,single,word is made to,modify,or,govern,two or more words,in the same sentence,32/60,The policeman caught a pickpocket on No.933 bus yesterday,33,It was,the policeman that/who,caught a pickpocket on No.933 bus yesterday.,(The subject is emphasized.),It was,a pickpocket that,the policeman caught on No.933 bus yesterday.,(The object is emphasized.),3.It,was,on No.933 bus that,the policeman caught a pickpocket yesterday.,(The adverbial of place is emphasized.),4.It was,yesterday that,the policeman caught a pickpocket on No.933 bus.,(The adverbial of time is emphasized.),33/60,34,Text Analysis,zeugma,zjum,轭式修饰法,a single word is used with two other parts of a sentence but must be understood differently in relation to each,He,took,his hat,and,his leave,.,34/60,Text Analysis,35,Plastic bags,litter,the village.,N.,waste material thrown away,especially bits of paper scattered untidily in a public place,V.to leave rubbish such as plastic bags,waste paper,water bottles,cigarette,cartons,etc.on the ground in a public place,35/60,waste garbage rubbish litter,36,waste,:,概念广泛，指任何被丢弃东西。,garbage,:,主要指有机废料，包含厨房剩菜剩饭或不能再用食物。,rubbish,:,指任何成堆、破损、用过或无用东西，尤指弃掉垃圾堆。,litter,:,是四下乱丢物品总称，尤指散落于地，有碍观瞻废物。,36/60,Text Analysis,37,relative clause modifying“things and goods”,past participle as post modifier,Shops have sprung up,filled with colorful plastic things and goods we have no use for.(para.4),37/60,Text Analysis,after a fashion,after the fashion of,come into fashion,follow the fashion,go out of fashion,in(the)fashion,make fashion,out of(the)fashion,set a(the)fashion,勉强，马马虎虎,像，跟,一样；模仿,开始风靡,赶时髦,不再风靡,合于时尚,装装样子,不合时尚,开创新时尚,38/60,Text Analysis,39,我多少会弹点钢琴,。,I can play the piano,after a fashion,.,他多少能讲点英语,。,He can speak English,after a fashion,.,他们为这一代树立了一个新风尚。,They,set a fashion,for the generation.,39/60,Text Analysis,40,buffalo,n.,水牛；野牛；水陆坦克,vt.,威吓；坑骗；迷惑,首次见面时他企图坑骗我,He tried to,buffalo,me at first meeting.,别威胁我做我不想做事。,Dont,buffalo,me into doing something I dont want to do.,我完全被测验上第五题迷惑了。,The fifth question on the test,buffaloed,me completely.,40/60,Text Analysis,41,strike,n.,罢工；打击；殴打,v.,打；撞；罢工；划燃,strike at,打击,(,某人、物,),try to hit or aim a blow at sb/sth,He struck at me repeatedly with a stick.,他用棍子不停向我打来。,strike in,插嘴,interrupt,strike onupon,偶然想起,;,偶然得到,think of sth suddenly,I struck on the idea when at work yesterday.,我昨天上班时突然想到这个主意。,bego on strike,在,开始,罢工,课,Students there were again on strike.,那儿学生又在罢课了。,comego out on strike,举行罢工,41/60,Text Analysis,42,shame,a.,shameful,a.,ashamed,a.,shameless,可耻或丢脸,感到惭愧；感到害臊,无耻,42/60,Text Analysis,43,condemn,vt.,训斥,责备,express strong disapproval,vt.,判罪,处刑,give judgement against,vt.,宣告,不能使用,不适用,declare sth not to be useful or fit for,这个罪犯被判死刑。,The criminal was,condemned,to death.,我们训斥他愚蠢行为。,We,condemn,his foolish behavior.,43/60,Text Analysis,44,This question has never,occurred to,me.,occur to,1.happen to sb(especially of unpleasant events),I hope no accident has occurred to him.,我希望他没出什么事。,2.,come to mind of(sb/sth),Such a simple explanation never occurred to me!,我从未想到如此简单解释,。,44/60,Text Analysis,45,Yes,this bag of bones dressed in rags can still plant and reap rice from morning till dusk.,metaphor meaning a poor,old and weak person,45/60,About the Text,Figures of Speech,A metaphor is also a comparison.The difference is that a simile compares things explicitly-that is,it states literally that X is like Y.,A metaphor compares things implicitly.Read literally,it does not state that things are alike;it says that they are the same thing,that they are identical.,46,Metaphor,:,（隐喻，暗喻）,46/60,Text Analysis,47,a bag of bones,:,a very thin person or animal.,骨瘦如柴人,The cat was just a bag of bones.,bag and baggage,:,with all ones belongings,often suddenly or secretly;adv,带着全部财产,Her tenant(,房客）,left,bag and baggage,without paying the rent.,be in the bag,:,(of an result,outcome)be as desired,俗确实无疑,稳操胜券,Her re-election is in the bag.,bag of moonshine,无稽之谈,47/60,Text Analysis,48,a bone of contention,有争吵问题,subject about which there is disagreement,What is the real bone of contention?,真正争议点是什么,?,close tonear the bone,(,言语不客气、不圆滑地,),揭露真相,(,of a remark,question,etc.)unkindly or tactlessly revealing the truth about sb/sth,Some of his comments about her appearance were a bit close to the bone.,他对她外貌一些评论有点太露骨了。,48/60,Text Analysis,49,feelknow in ones bones,凭直觉确信,believe strongly that sth is true or will happen,though without proof,He felt in his bones he could do it.,他确信他能干这件事。,work ones fingers to the bone,拼命地干,work very hard,Ill work my fingers to the bone till I pay back all my debts.,我要拼命地干活直到把欠款还清。,49/60,Text Analysis,50,初恋,:,first love,早恋,:,puppy love,黄昏恋,:,twilight romance,姐弟恋,:,romance with younger man,三角恋,:,love triangle,精神恋爱,:,platonic love,单恋,:,unrequited love,相思,:,lovesick,相亲,:,blind date,速配,:,speed dating,老情人,:,old flame,一夜情,:,one-night stand,网恋,:,cyber love,50/60,Text Analysis,51,I,am at peace with,the land and the conditions of my life.,Paraphrasing:,I am content with my land and accept my situation in life without complaint.,in a situation in which there is no war or fighting;in harmony with,The two countries are,at peace with each other,.,The country is,at peace with,its neighbors for the first time in years.,51/60,Text Analysis,52,I,have been,forcing silence upon her,all these years,yet she had not once complained of anything.,Paraphrasing:,All these years,I hardly talk with her or listen to her,so she has to keep silent about her thoughts and feelings,but she has never told anyone else about her unhappy feelings about my silence.,52/60,Text Analysis,53,force on(onto,u
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