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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,返回,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Unit 1 Cultural relics,Section Grammar,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,高效学习方案第,1,步,高效学习方案第,2,步,高效学习方案第,3,步,1/28,2/28,3/28,4/28,生活中语法,5/28,观察后发觉,This gift was the Amber Room,，,which,was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.,The amber,which,was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey.,It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels,，,which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make.,6/28,However,the next King of Prussia,Frederick William,，,to whom,the amber room belonged,decided not to keep it.,Later,Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg,where,she spent her summers.,In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.,This was a time,when,the two countries were at war.,7/28,There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg,which,was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.,As,we all know,smoking is harmful to ones health.,He kept silent all night,which,was surprising.,8/28,我发觉,(1),例句,中含,which,引导,定语从句；例,中含,which,引导,定语从句；在形式上非限制性定语从,句与限制性定语从句区分在于：,。,(2),以上例句中含非限制性定语从句有,；含限制性,定语从句有,。,(3),例句,中,which,不能替换成,that,，因为关系代词,that,不,能引导非限制性定语从句。,非限制性,关系词前是否有逗号,限制性,9/28,(4),关系代词,as,和,which,都能够引导非限制性定语从句。其相同,点：都能够指代主句,全部,内容或部分内容；其不一样点：,位置不一样：,as,可位于主句,(,例句,),，主句中间或主句之,后；,which,只能位于,之后。,译成汉语不一样：,as,常被,译作,“,”,之意，而,则没有此意。,之前,主句,正如；就如,which,10/28,11/28,一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,1,限制性定语从句,定语从句对先行词含有限制作用，使该词含义更详细、,更明确，这类从句不能省掉，不然句意就不完整。,12/28,This is the teacher who has taught for 30 years.,这就是那位有,30,年教龄老师。,I will show you to the supermarket where you can find everything you want.,我带你去一家超市，在那里你能找到你想要一切东西。,13/28,2,非限制性定语从句,定语从句有时与先行词关系不是十分亲密，只是作,附加说明，不起限制作用，这种从句被称为非限制性,定语从句，往往用逗号把这类从句与主句分开。,My elder sister has become a doctor,which I wanted to be.,我姐姐成了一名医生，我原来也想当医生。,That is his room,whose window faces south.,那是他房间，房间窗户朝南。,14/28,3,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区分,区分,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,形式,与主句之间不用逗号隔开,与主句之间普通用逗号隔开,功效,对先行词进行限定、修饰。假如去掉，剩下部分意义便不完整、不明确,对先行词作附加说明，去掉后，句子剩下部分意思依然完整、明确,15/28,区分,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,先行词,名词或名词性词组,名词、名词性词组或整个主句,引导词,全部关系代词/副词,除that和why之外关系代词/副词,翻译,常译成前置定语,常译成并列分句,16/28,She has found the necklace(that)she lost two weeks ago.,她找到了那条两周前丢失项链。,She is working hard,which everyone can see.,她工作一直很努力，这是大家有目共睹。,17/28,11.,翻译句子,The plane is a machine that can fly.,The girl who/whom/that I saw was very learned.,He is American,which I know from his accent.,飞机是一个能飞机器。,我看见那个姑娘很博学。,他是美国人，那是我从他口音上知道。,18/28,12.,写出以下句子中,which,指代什么？,Mike sold his old furniture,which made his father angry.,which,指代,The house which I bought last month has a lovely,garden.,which,指代,Mike sold his old furniture,the house,19/28,二、,as,引导非限制性定语从句,1,as,引导从句通常是指代整个主句内容，在从句,中能够作主语、宾语或表语。,He has come to attend the meeting,as is expected.,他来参加了会议，这在预料之中。,2,as,引导从句时常译为“正如；像,一样”。,惯用,as,一些固定结构：,20/28,as we know,正如我们所知道那样,as is known to all,众所周知,as we all can see,正如我们大家都能看到那样,as is often the case,情况经常是这么,as might be expected,正如所预料那样,as often happens,像往常一样,As we all know,smoking is harmful to ones health.,众所周知，吸烟有害健康。,21/28,He married her,，,as was natural.,She has been absent again,，,as often happens.,He is an old kind farmer,，,as anybody can see.,Einstein,，,as we all know,，,is a famous scientist.,主语,主语,宾语,宾语,22/28,3,as,和,which,引导非限制性定语从句区分,(1),非限制性定语从句位于主句之前或插在主句之中时，只能,用,as,。,(2)as,在从句中作主语时，后面常跟行为动词被动式；,which,在从句中作主语时，其后常跟行为动词主动式。,(3),当,which,在从句中指代是先行词本身而不是主句时，不,可用,as,代替,which,。,23/28,is known to everybody,，,the moon travels round,the earth once every month.,He passed the exam,，,made his parents very,Hap-py.,As,which,24/28,课堂高考小试,1,(,全国卷,)That evening,_ I will tell you,more about later,I ended up working very late.,A,that,B,which,C,what D,when,解析：,考查定语从句。句意：那天晚上，我工作到很晚，我以后会告诉你更多相关情况。,which I will tell you more about later,是非限制性定语从句，,which,在从句中作,about,宾语，代指,that evening,。,答案：,B,25/28,2,(,安徽高考,)A lot of language learning,_ has,been discovered,is happening in the first year of life,so parents should talk much to their children during that period.,A,as B,it,C,which D,this,解析：,考查定语从句。句意：正如发觉那样，大量语言学习是在出生后第一年发生，所以父母应该在那一时期多和孩子说话。分析句子结构可知，“,_ has been discovered”,，为非限制性定语从句，且位于先行词所指“,A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life”,整个句子之间，故用,as,。,答案：,A,26/28,3,(,浙江高考,)We live in an age _ more,information is available with greater ease than ever before.,A,why B,when,C,to whom D,on which,解析：,考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知此处考查定语从句，先行词是,an age,，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以应该用关系副词,when,，故选,B,项。,答案：,B,27/28,点击下列图进入第三步,28/28,
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