句子翻译技巧市公开课特等奖市赛课微课一等奖课件.pptx

*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第四章：翻译技巧增词法,第四章：句子翻译技巧（上）,教学目标：要求熟练了解句子翻译技巧，从而在英汉翻译时做到通顺、准确。,教学内容：,1,.,增词法,省译法,词类转换,正说反译、反说正译法,翻译练习1,、,2,第1页,By amplification we mean supplying necessary words in our translation work so as to make the version correct and clear,to make it more like the language translated into.Of course words thus supplied must indispensable either syntactically or semantically.In other words,a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to the original.There are two kinds:1),Words for,syntactic,constructionto secure correctness,2)Words supplied for,semantic,completionto secure clearness.Both aim at making the version expressive and readily understood by the reader.,Amplification,(,增词法),第2页,1、增加动词,1).Reading makes a full man;conference a ready man;and writing an exact man.,读书使人充实,讨论,使人,机智,笔记（写作）,使人,准确。,2).We dont regret,we never have and never will.,我们不会后悔，我们从来没有,后悔,过，我们未来也不会,后悔,。,3).After the basketball,he still has an important conference.,看完,篮球比赛之后，他还有一个主要会议,要参加,。,第3页,2.增加形容词或副词,1).With what,enthusiasm,the Chinese people are building socialism!,中国人民正以多么,高,热情建设社会主义啊！,人群,渐渐（地）,散开了。,2).The crowds,melted,away.,他一坐下来就讲开了，,滔滔不绝地,讲个没完。,3).As he sat down and began talking,words poured out.,第4页,4).She lingered long over his letter.,5).In the films of those days,all too often,it was the same one:boy tractor driver,meets,girl tractor driver;they,fall in,love and,drive,tractor together.,在那时候电影里，,总是老一套,：,男拖拉机手和女拖拉机手,开始,相遇,，,然后,相爱，,最终,并肩开拖拉机了。,她,反重复复地,回味着他来信。,第5页,玛丽丈夫癌症逝世后，就靠洗,衣服,维持生活。,2).Mary,washed,for a living after her husband died of cancer.,3).He,ate,and,drank,for he was exhausted.,他吃了点,东西,，喝了点,酒,，因为他疲惫不堪了。,3.增加名词,1).First you,borrow,then you,beg,.,头一遭借,钱,，下一遭就讨,饭,。,第6页,4).That black jacket is indeed,cheap,and,fine,.,那件黑夹克真是,价,廉,物,美。,5).He was,wrinkled,and,black,with scant gray hair.,他,满脸,皱纹，,皮肤,黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。,6).A new kind of car,small,cheap,is attracting increasing attention.,一个新型轿车正越来越引发人们注意这种轿车,体积,小，,价钱,廉价。,由例4、5、6可见，均在形容词前增加名词，从而使译文更详细，更符合译语习惯。,第7页,7).His,arrogance,made everyone dislike him.,他高傲,态度,使谁也不喜欢他。,8).After all,preparations,were made,the planes were flown across the U.S.to San Francisco.,一切准备,工作,就绪以后，飞机就飞越美国去了旧金山。,由例7、8能够看出，一些动词或形容词派生来抽象名词，翻译时能够依据上下文在其后面增添适当名词，使译文更符合规范。,又如,：,第8页,to persuade 说服 persuasion说服工作,to prepare 准备 preparation准备工作,backward 落后 backwardness落后状态,tense 担心 tension担心局势,arrogant 自满 arrogance自满情绪,mad 疯狂 madness 疯狂行为,antagonistic敌对 antagonism 敌对态度,第9页,4.增加代词,1).小不忍则乱大谋。,If,one,is not patient in small thing,one,will never be able to control great ventures.,2).交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改地方，这么你才能把工作做好。（钟述孔英汉翻译手册）,Before handing in,your,translation,you,have to read,it,over and over again and see if there is anything in,it,to be corrected or improved.Only thus can,you,do,your,work well.(Zhong Shukong,A Handbook of Translation,),第10页,He,who,makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.,3).没有调查就没有讲话权。,当然了，例还能够认为是增补主语“he”。,又如：“又要马儿跑得快,又要马儿不吃草,简直可笑。”,You,want the horse to run fast and yet,you,dont let it graze.Isnt it ri,d,iculous!,Dont put,your,hands in,your,pockets.,4).别把手搁在口袋里。,第11页,5).一天天冷起来了。,It,is getting colder day by day.,6).学好英语不轻易，不过假如你坚持下去，最终一定,能学好。,(,年NECCS第90题,Level B,),It,was not easy to learn English well,but if you persist,you will succeed in the end.,7).把钟拆开比把它装起来轻易。,It,is easier to take a clock apart than to put it together again.,第12页,5、增加语气词或量词,汉语有许多语气助词，如“”、“吧”、“呢”、“啊”、“呀”、“嘛”、“吗”、“啦”、“了”不一样语气词能够发挥不一样作用，英汉互译时需专心体验，以期译出从意义和修辞色彩等都符合译文。同时，英语中数词（包含不定冠词a）与可数名词直接连用，它们之间并无量词，而汉语往往要借助量词。所以英译汉时，应依据实际情况恰当地增加表示其形状、特征或材料,名量词,。,不要生气,嘛,！我不过开开玩笑,罢了,。,1).Dont get angry.Im just making fun of you.,第13页,3).They(the eyes)were the same colour as the sea,cheerful and undefeated.,2).As for me,I didnt agree from the very beginning.,我,呢,，从一开始就不赞成。,那双眼睛,啊,，像海水一样蓝，令人愉快，毫不沮丧。,4).A red,sun,is rising slowly on the horizon.,一,轮,红日正从地平线上冉冉升起。,How time flies!,时间过得真快啊！,What a leader he was!他真实一位出类拔萃领袖阿！,第14页,5).A stream was winding its way through the valley in into the Dadu river.,一,弯,溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇合到大渡河去,了,。,6).Once,they had a quarrel.,有一次，他们争吵了,一,番,。,第15页,从例7、8、9可见，英语中有些动词或动作名词，译成汉语时常需增加一些表示行为、动作,动量词,。又如：have a rest 休息一下;make a stop停一下.,8).Seeing is believing.,百,闻不如,一,见。,9).The essence remains its identity while appearances may vary.,万,变不离其宗。,第16页,White clouds float over the blue sky.,Can you manage without help?,I dare say that the Chinese way of reforms is more characteristic and effective than others.,In general,all the metals are good conductors,with silver the best and copper the second.,Dont be weaving.,He was wrinkled and black,with scant gray hair.,“How shall I do it?”“Just as you wish!”,He felt the patriot rise within his breast.,第17页,蓝蓝天上漂浮着朵朵白云。,假如没有些人帮忙，你能应付了吗？,我认为，中国改革方式比别国改革方式更富有特色、更卓有成效。,普通说来，金属都是良好导体，其中以银为最好，铜次之。,不要三心二意。,他满脸皱纹，皮肤黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。,这事儿我该怎么办才好？你想怎么办，就怎么办。,他感到一个爱国热情在心中荡漾。,第18页,Ladies and gentlemen,Allow me to say a few words of welcome to our Russian friends.On behalf of the Kangding Foreign Affairs Office and my colleagues,I would like to extend a warm welcome to all the guests present here.Thank you for your presence at this banquet.There is a popular saying in China:“Isnt it a great pleasure to have friends from afar?”as you know,China is great country with a long history and ancient culture.While you are staying here in Kangding,you will have an opportunity to visit the historical sights of this city,you may get to know its people and its well-known culture.I wish your visit a great success.Here now I would like to propose a toast:to the friendship of the Chinese and American peoples,lets bottoms up!,请口译以下材料：,第19页,