资源描述
专题二任务型阅读(七选五),阅读了解篇,第一部分,1/46,考纲导续,主要考查考生对文章结构、内容以及上下文逻辑关系了解和掌握，其考点设置主要包含：1.主题句；2.过渡句；3.推断句。,2/46,1,分类例析,2,复习练案,命题规律,题型攻略,解题流程,3/46,七选五题型以说明文和议论文居多，这两种文体结构都比较清楚，过程完整，适合考查标题概括、主题句和过渡句等，以到达考查学生综合阅读能力要求。其特点以下：,1选择基本为300词左右说明文或议论文。,2短文篇章结构常为：提出问题处理问题。,3七个选项意义上都与短文相关，设空类型普通有标题类、段落主题类、过渡句类、细节类。,4选项均为完整句子，句型不一。,4/46,5/46,6/46,分 类 例 析,7/46,1主题句,8/46,(全国,),_,37,_,Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)_,38,_.However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.,Recall(回想)your childhood memories,Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden.,9/46,AKnow why you garden,BFind a good place for your own garden,CIts our experience of the garden that matters,DIts delightful to see so many beautiful flowers,EStill others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants,FYou can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden,too,GFor each of those gardens,write down the strongest memory you have,10/46,解题思绪,本题考查主题句。首先形式上要与第二个标题,“,Recall(回想)your childhood memories,”,一致，故在A项和B项之间选择。再依据本段倒数第二句“However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.”可知，本段主要讲要搞清自己为何要种植花木。,尝试解答：_,A,11/46,(全国,),_,37,_In order to make a change,you need to decide why its important.Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family,get in some exercise,or just be better prepared for your day?Once you are clear about your reasons,tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.,Rethink mornings.Now that you know why you want to.,12/46,AGet a sleep specialist.,BFind the right motivation.,CA better plan for sleep can help.,DAnd consider setting a second alarm.,EIf the steps you take are working,keep it up.,FStick to your set bedtime and wakeup time,no matter the day.,GReconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.,13/46,解题思绪,本题考查段落主题句。形式上应与下一个标题Reconsider morning一致，故在A、B、F和G之间选择。再依据空后谈到要改变，先要说清楚做出改变很主要原因；后面谈到一旦明白了其中原因，就能够告诉你家人或室友你想做出改变；由此能够推断出这段总说找到正确动机，所以本空选B。,尝试解答：_,B,14/46,2过渡句,15/46,(全国,片段),One is the establishment(制订)of broad basic policies with respect to production;sales;the purchase of equipment,materials and supplies;and accounting._,74,_ The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.,EThe second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.,FIn the theory of business management,organization has two main aspects.,16/46,解题思绪,依据上下文所提到one和下文所得到the third可知，这里是按照次序排列，此处应该是第二条，与E项The second aspect.吻合。,尝试解答：此题属并列关系，故选_,表示并列关系词有：first(ly),second(ly)，.；first,then/next，.;in the first place,in the second place.;for one thing,for another(thing)，.;to begin with,to conclude等词，表明前后句是逻辑上并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列句子。,E,17/46,(北京片段),First,understand that some opportunities(机会)for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams._,73,_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming,try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple,like taking a shower or walking,or even making meaningless drawings.,AHaving interesting things to think about also helps.,DAt one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.,18/46,解题思绪,选项A中also helps与空格前面句子中help相对应，且两句话主语形式统一，都说是,“,做白日梦,”,条件。,尝试解答：此题属递进关系，故选_,递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一个顺承逻辑关系。表示递进关系词有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,whats more,in addition,as well,to make matters worse,not.but.,not only.but also等。,A,19/46,(辽宁片段),Protect against UV rays(紫外线).Longterm stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is,its extremely important to wear sunglasses.,_,37,_,CThey can properly protect your eyes.,DStay in good shape by taking more vitamins.,20/46,解题思绪,空白处前面句子“No matter what the season is,its extremely important to wear sunglasses.”意为,“,不论是什么季节，戴太阳镜是极其主要,”,，属于总结概括句。选项C意为,“,它们能够适当地保护你眼睛,”,，本句是对上句观点举例说明，能很好地顺接语境。,尝试解答：此题属例证关系，故选_,前后句某句是为了证实另一句而举例子。例证形式含有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和演练(从观点到例子)。,C,21/46,(全国,片段),Get a coach,_,51,_，so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses,here are some things to look for when deciding the training thats right for you.,AYou arent like anybody else,DCheck the rules about dos and donts,EWhatever the presentation,public speaking is tough,22/46,解题思绪,依据“so get help”可知应填一个表示原因句子。依据下句中“.ready to offer you public speaking training and courses.”也可知开头说与public speaking相关。,尝试解答：故选_,表示因果关系词有：so,/therefore,thus,consequently(结果),as a result(of),so/,such.that.，so that.等。,E,23/46,(全国,片段),There are three main types of cryptography._,37,_For example,the first letters of“My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”,AIt is very hard to break a code without the code book.,BIn any language,some letters are used more than others.,COnly people who know the keyword can read the message.,DAs long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.,24/46,EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.,FWith a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.,GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.,解题思绪,依据for example可知，接下来举例讲是选取每个单词首字母这一方法来隐藏信息。,尝试解答：_,E,25/46,(全国,片段),You didnt lose“everything”,Once trust is lost，what is left?Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life._,40,_ Instead，its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.,ETheyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.,FThis knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.,GSeeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.,26/46,解题思绪,依据下一句中Instead(反而)可知此空和下一句形成转折关系，G项(看到事情主动方面并不意味着你对发生事情视而不见)与之呼应，而且选项中positive和下一句中positive形成原词复现。,尝试解答：此题属转折关系，故选_,G,27/46,(全国,片段),A code uses symbols to replace words,phrases,or sentences.To read the message of a real code,you must have a code book._,39,_For example,“bridge”might stand for“meet”and“out”might stand for“me.”The message“bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”_,40,_However,it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.,AIt is very hard to break a code without the code book.,BIn any language,some letters are used more than others.,COnly people who know the keyword can read the message.,DAs long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.,28/46,EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.,FWith a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.,GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.,29/46,解题思绪,本题考查是关键词以及转折关系。下一句“it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long”中出现了also hard，所以上一句关键词为hard；另外however表示转折关系，证实上一句与下一句表示意思相反，即上一句应该是：没有解密书，是极难去完成解密工作。,尝试解答：此题属于转折关系，故选_,表示转折或对比关系词有：but，however,yet,while,/though,or/,otherwise,on the contrary,instead,nevertheless(然而)，still,yet,in contrast/comparison等。,A,30/46,3段尾句,31/46,(北京片段),Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused,is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep._,74,_,EIt involves slow,steady breathing for selfcontrol that helps people stay calm and attentive.,FDaydreams are often very simple and direct,quite unlike sleep dreams,which may be hard to understand.,32/46,解题思绪,(1)本题为段尾空，属段落总结概括句，需要关注本段前面内容。,(2)本段主要说明在需要集中精力时候防止做白日梦也很主要，前一句提出mindfulness这一概念，并用同位语being focused做出解释。,第三步对比信息句和选项，得出答案,尝试解答：_项中it指代前一句mindfulness，且attentive与前文concentrate，being focused，avoid falling asleep语义一致。,E,33/46,(洛阳高三二模),There is no doubt that analyzing the exact data is important to assessment of an actual event.But data should be dealt with wisely.We often get wrong data which mislead us.Remember,data have no feeling but we humans have.Data dont mean much to people if we do not have the abilities to analyze the data with the knowledge and confidence to judge whether they are true or false._,AThus we should try our best to be wise thinkers.,BData can make our life easier and more comfortable.,CBut sometimes we may find that data arent everything.,DSometimes our hearts and mind are more sensitive than data.,34/46,ENow and then the socalled specific data puzzle us very much.,FThe exact data should come from assessment of an actual event.,GThere are many things in our life which cannot be measured by data.,解题思绪,本题设空在段尾，空格前一句叙述内容是,“,假如我们没有能力利用所学知识和自信去分析数据正确是否，那么数据对我们来说就毫无意义,”,。所得出结论就是,“,所以我们要尽最大努力成为一名睿智思索者,”,，结合线索词Thus可知正确答案。,尝试解答：_,A,35/46,(北京片段),Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor reasoning,and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources._,71,_,Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.,36/46,AMake choice that are right for you.,GThe following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.,解题思绪,本题挖空处为第一段段尾。第一段简明提出我们要学会分析来自各种渠道健康信息，第二段就怎样对这些信处进行分类整理给予一些提议。从文章篇章结构分析，空格起承上启下作用。,尝试解答：此题属承上启下类，故选_,G,37/46,4通用技能,除每个题型有本身特殊解题技巧外，在阅读七选五中还有两种通法，依据考题活用这两种方法能够准确判定答案。,词汇复现法,复现，是为确保文章前后衔接而经常使用一个写作伎俩，即作者在文章上下文不一样位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同源词复现、同义词/近义词、反义词复现等。,38/46,(全国,片段),_,39,_If youve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”,At some point in all of our lives，well have our trust tested or violated.,CStop regarding yourself as the victim.,DRemember that you can expect the best in return.,39/46,解题思绪,由空格后面内容能够看出，本段主要讲是被背叛了后该怎么办。选项C中关键词语“victim”与本段主旨相吻合，“victim”一词在本段中重复出现，属于原词复现，且选项C是对本段概括总结。,尝试解答：_,代词线索法,英语表示中代词出现频率极高，代词作用无非是指代前面提及名词，名词短语或句子概念，巧妙利用这么指代关系和依据代词单复数差异能够准确而快速地解题。it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子；these或those指代前句复数名词。,C,40/46,(全国,片段),But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year,but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying,storing,and cooking fish isnt difficult._,17,_This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.,ADo not buy it.,DIt just requires a little knowledge.,41/46,解题思绪,空格上一句提到买鱼、贮藏鱼和烹饪并不难，启承上句，此处指只是需要一些这方面知识。D选项中代词“It”指代前面提到“Buying,storing,and cooking fish”。,尝试解答：_,词汇同现法,词汇同现法是指属于同一词汇搭配范围或者某一领域词汇在文章中同时出现，到达语意衔接目标。普通来说，上下文中词汇范围越小，上下文衔接关系越紧密。,D,42/46,(全国,片段),Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs._,36,_，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.,During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.,BFor a good marathon runner,CBefore you begin your training,43/46,解题思绪,空格前讲到一个观点：马拉松训练需要精心准备，下面叙述必须在,“,准备,”,这一范围内，且下文中出现了“During the first week”等时间词汇，本题是指开始训练前准备。,尝试解答：此题属词汇同现，故选_,C,44/46,复 习 练 案,45/46,46/46,
展开阅读全文
浙ICP备2021020529号-1 | 浙B2-20240490 
