大学英语语法名词性从句.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar,Noun Clauses,1/58,How,should we,use modern technology?,The problem is,The problem is,how,we should,use modern technology,.,When,will man,be able to live on Mars?,.is unknown to us all.,When,man will,be able to live on Mars,is unknown to us all.,Where,will all these advanced technology,lead us?,I cant imagine.,I cant imagine,where,all these advanced technology,will,lead us.,2/58,1.,连接词有：,that whether,和,lf,2.,连接代词有：,who whom whose which what,等,3.,连接副词有：,when where why how,等,另外,whatever whoever whichever,等也可 以引导主语和宾语两种从句。,名词性从句是一个含有名词功效非独立分句，能够表示：事实和问题。,名词性从句中,that,没有词义，也不作任何成份。除引导宾从外，主从和表从中不省,3/58,宾语从句,Object Clause,表语从句,Predicative,主语从句,Subject Clasuse,同位语从句,Appositive Clause,名词性从句,Noun Clause,从句一律保持陈说语序,主语,从句,同位语,从句,表语,从句,宾语,从句,4/58,请判断出以下句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do,is taking a bath.,The news,that they won the game,spread the whole school.,I dont think,he is an honest boy,.,The fact is,that he stole the car,.,Do you know the fact,that he stole the car,?,Do you know the man,who is standing over there?,It is said,that they won the game.,(,主从,),(,同位语从句,),(,宾从,),(,表从,),(,同位语从句,),(,定从,),(,主从,),5/58,引导名词性从句连接词：,that,（无意义，不可省，不充当任何成份）,whether,if,（均表示“是否”表明从句内容不确定性）,as if,as though,（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）,以上在从句中均不充当任何成份,6/58,连接代词,：,what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever,连接副词,：,when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however,连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句成份,7/58,不可省略连词：,1.,介词后连词,2.,引导主语从句和同位语从句连词不可省略。,That she was chosen made us very happy.,We heard the news that our team had won.,8/58,1.,主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成份,1),That,the earth is round is true.,2),Whether,he will come is doubtful.,3),What,he said surprised me most.,4),Where,he hid the money is to be found out.,5),Whoever,comes is welcome.,6)Its certain,that,he will succeed.,7),How,we can help the twins,will be discussed at the meeting.,8),When,theyll start the project,has not been decided yet.,9/58,It,使用方法：（形式主语）,It possible/important/necessary/clear,that,很可能,/,主要是,/,必要是,/,很清楚,It said/reported that,听说,/,据报道,Its been announced/declared that,已经通知,/,宣告,It seems/appears/happens.that,显然、显著、恰巧,Its no wonder that,并不奇怪,/,无疑,Its a pity/a fact/a common knowledge(,众所周知）,/a common saying.,（俗话说）,10/58,What you left,are,only several old,books.,What you said,is,of great importance.,What he says and does,doesnt,concern me.,What he says and does,dont,agree.,“,if”,不能引导主语从句，应有“,whether”,引导,主语从句“,that”,普通不能省。,“,what”,引导主语从句时，谓语动词：,1,）常与其后作表语名词一致,2,）依据句子语境而定,11/58,_ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.,A.That B.Why C.What D.How,2._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.,A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where,3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the First World.,A.Which;belong to B.As,belonged to,C.What;belonging to D.It;belonging to,12/58,4.Its known to us all _ a form of energy.,A.water is B.that water is,C.is water D.that water to,5.It worried her a bit _ her hair was,turning gray.,A.whether B.That C.what D.when,6.What I say and think _ none of your,business.,A.is B.are C.has D have,13/58,主语从句中“主谓一致”：,1.,主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句谓语动词用单数形式,.,That they will come _certain.,2.What,引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词单复数由表语单复数决定,.,What he wants _these books.,What he wants _some water.,注意,is,are,is,14/58,2.,宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成份（能够作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词宾语）,that,whether,，,if,（,that,常可省略,）,连词：,who,what,which,whoever,whatever,when,where,why ,how,1).Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold,ring.,2).It all depends on whether they will support us.,3).She will give whoever needs help a warm,support.,4).He made it clear to the public that he did an,important and necessary job.,5).I find it necessary that,we should do the,homework.,15/58,1,.,当主句谓语动词是普通现在时或普通未来时，宾语从句谓语动词能够用所需要任何一个时态。,2.,当主句谓语动词是普通过去时，宾语从句谓语,动词要用对应过去时态，但当,宾语从句叙述内容为客观真理时，依然用普通现在时。,The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.,travels,16/58,will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be),The headmaster hopes everything _ _ well.(go),Tom says that they _ _ (play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.,I hear they _ (return)it already.,He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be),17/58,宾语从句中“时态呼应”与“否定转移”,若主句谓语动词为,think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine,等，其后宾语从句若含,有否定意义，普通要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句,谓语用必定式。比如：,He,told,me that he _ his job.,(,已经完成了工作,),时态呼应,否定转移,我认为他不会来这里,.,I think he wont come here.(),I dont think he will come here.(),had finished,注意,18/58,wrote,has taken,had been,6.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write),7.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take),8.Ling Feng told me he _ to the Great Wall several times.(be),19/58,宾语从句中用,it,作形式宾语,We think it,our duty,that we should help others.,注意：假如主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，普通用,it,来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,我发觉他两天之内完成工作是不可能,.,I find it,impossible,that he can finish the work in two days.,20/58,Exercises:“it”,作形式主语或形式宾语：,1.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full,A.it B.that C.these D.them,2.I feel _ strange that he should be so careless.,A./B.it C.that D.how,3.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.,A,while B.that C,if D,for,4 Will you see to _ that the luggage is brought back?,A.weB.yourselfC.itD.them,A,B,B,C,21/58,3.,表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成份，普通放在连系动词之后,.,作用：对主语进行解释说明。,连接词：,that/whether,/as if/as though,（,if,不引,导表语从句,),连接代词：,who/whoever/which/whatever,连接副词：,when/where/why/how/because,China is no longer what she used to be.,Thats because we were in need of money,at that time.,He looked as if he was going to cry.,Tomorrow is when it would be most,convenient.,22/58,在复合句中作主句表语,.,引导表语从句关联词与引导主语从句关联词大致一样,1.,问题是我们和他已失去联络,.,2.,这就是亨利怎么处理这个问题,.,3.,天看起来要下雨了,.,The problem is_,This is_.,It looks_.,that,we have lost touch with him,.,how,Henry solved the problem.,as if it is going to rain.,23/58,在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“,whether”,不能用“,If”,普通情况下，“,that”,不能省,It is/was because.,It is/was why.,3.The reason(why/for)is/was that.,4 The reason is because/why,that .,24/58,1.Thats _ the Party called on us to do.,A.why B.what C.how D.that,2.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.,A.because B.why C.that D.Whether,3.That is _ they separated.,A.that B.what C.which D.where,4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.,A.what B.which C.that D.when,25/58,4,同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成份，普通跟在一些抽象名词,（,idea,；,belief,；,fact,；,truth,；,rumour,；,news,等）后面，对名词作深入解释说明,.,同位语从句惯用,that/,whether,引导或连接副词,when/where/why/how,The idea,that computers can recognize,human voices surprises many people.,2),Word,came that Napoleon himself was,coming to inspect them.,3).Sydney kept his,promise,that he would,always do anything he could for Lucie to make,sure of her happiness.,26/58,I have no idea,when,he will get married.,how,they can get the treasure.,where,the concert will be held.,who,is fit for the work.,why,it happened.,which,pen is mine.,what,we should do next.,whom,they are talking about.,whether,itll rain tomorrow,.,that,our football team won the game.,27/58,We expressed the hope,that they would come to China again.,We expressed the hope,that they had expressed,同位语从句和定语从句区分：,1.,同位语从句,that,只起连接作用，不作任何成份,定语从句,that,是关系代词，起连接作用和充,当宾语和主语,2.,同位语从句,同位语从句和前面名词是同位关,系，对名词进行补充说明,定语从句,定从和前面名词是所属关系，对,名词进行修饰，加以限定,3.,同位语从句,that,不能省,定语从句,that,在从句中作宾语时，能够省,28/58,The idea that computers will recognize human voices surprises many people.,1)What is the idea?,The idea is that computers will,recognize,human,voices.,2)What surprises many people?,i)The idea surprises many people.,ii)That computers will recognize human,voices surprises many people.,29/58,2.The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.,1)What is the possibility?,The possibility is that the majority,of the labor force will work at home.,2)What is often discussed?,i)The possibility is often discussed.,ii)That the majority of the labor force,will work,at home is often discussed.,30/58,3.Well discuss the problem that the majority of the students are often late for school.,1)What is the problem?,The problem is that the majority of the,students are often late for school.,2)What will we discuss?,Well discuss the problem.,Well discuss that the majority of the,students are often late for school.,31/58,that,与,whether/if,选择：,(1)_ knowledge comes from practice is known to all.,WhatB.WhereC.If D.That,(2)It makes no difference _ our sports meet will be held,this week or next week.,A.thatB.eitherC.whetherD.when,(3)I doubt _ he will come soon.,(4)I do not doubt _ he will come soon.,(5)Do you doubt _ he will come soon?,D,C,whether/if,that,that,表示是否时用,_,表示必定时用,_,归纳,whether/if,that,32/58,what&whatever,who&whoever,which&whichever,引导名词性从句区分,1._ is worth doing is worth doing well.,2._we need is more time.,3._ made the long distance call to him is,not important.,4._ breaks the law will be punished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,_,等引导名词性从句,不含有疑问意义,，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而,_,等引导名词性从句都,含有疑问意义,。,Whoever,whatever,Who,what,33/58,1._ I cant understand is why he has,changed his mind.,2._ the earth is round is known to us all.,3._ he won the race was _ we expected.,that:,what:,_,只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成份，没有词义,_,起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，,表示“所,”。,That,What,That,what,归纳,that,，,what,引导名词性从句区分,34/58,B,A,B,Exercises,1._made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.,A What/because B What/that,C That/what D That/because,2._she could not understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.,A What/why B That/what,C What/because D Why/that,3.,He is absent from school.It is _ he is seriously ill.,A.why B.because C.that D.the reason,35/58,4._has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.,A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever,5.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.,A that B how C where D what,D,A,6._ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize,in the match.,A.There,that B.It,that,C.There,whether D.It,which,A,36/58,7.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.,-Is that _you had a few days off?,A why B when C what D where,8.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?,-Oh,thats _.,A what makes me feel excited,B whatever I feel excited about,C how I feel about it,D when I feel excite