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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,语法专题突破,第一部分,专题五非谓语动词,第,3,讲非谓语动词作状语,第1页,1,(,全国卷,),If you find something you love doing outside of the office,youll be less likely 69._,(bring)your work home.,【,解析,】,be likely to do sth.,可能做某事。句意：假如你发觉在办公室之外有喜欢做事情，你把工作带回家可能性就小了。,典题在线,to bring,第2页,2,(,全国卷,),Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63._,(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots,64._,(use)twigs(,树枝,)to remove it.,【,解析,】,第,63,题处表示,combine,and,目标，故用不定式作目标状语。句意：熟练工人也把各种各样硬木和金属结合起来以创造出尤其样式。第,64,题处，,people,与,use,之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作方式状语。,to create,using,第3页,3,(,全国卷,),When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66._,(cool)the house during the hot day.,【,解析,】,be,adj,.,enough,to do sth.,是固定结构，意为,“,足够,，能够做某事,”,。结合空格前,cold enough,可知后面应使用动词不定式。,4,(,福建厦门毕业班质检,),They went running to help Tate,only find him laughing on the ground.,【,解析,】,句意：他们跑过去准备帮助泰特，结果意外地发觉他在地上开心地大笑。所以，此处表示出乎意料结果，用,“,only,动词不定式,”,。,【,答案,】,在,only,后加,to,to cool,第4页,一、不定式作状语,1,动词不定式能够用作目标状语。注意其它非谓语动词形式不能用作目标状语。,To succeed,one must first of all believe in himself.,要想成功，首先必须相信自己。,2,only to do sth.,为不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料结果。,We hurried to the station,only to be told that the train had left.,我们急急忙赶到车站，结果被通知火车已开走了。,关键考点,第5页,3,形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语。常见形容词有：,happy,，,lucky,，,glad,，,sorry,，,anxious,，,proud,，,disappointed,，,angry,，,surprised,，,ready,，,delighted,，,clever,，,foolish,，,pleased,，,fortunate,，,right,等。,You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday.,你永远不会知道昨天看到她时，我是多么高兴。,4,在,“,主语系动词表语,(,形容词,),to do,”,结构中，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中惯用形容词有：,easy,，,hard,，,difficult,，,important,，,impossible,，,interesting,，,pleasant,，,nice,，,comfortable,，,safe,，,dangerous,等。,The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to sit on.,这把椅子看上去很硬，但实际上坐上去很舒适。,第6页,二、分词作状语,形式,意义,doing,与句中主语为逻辑上主动关系。与谓语动词表示动作(或状态)同时发生或几乎同时发生，表示主动、进行。,having done,与句中主语为逻辑上主动关系，先于谓语动词表示动作发生，表示主动、完成。,done,与句中主语为逻辑上被动关系，表完成；用作形容词过去分词表示状态。,being done,与句中主语为逻辑上被动关系，与谓语动词表示动作同时发生，表示被动、进行，意为“正在被”。,having been one,与句中主语为逻辑上被动关系，先于句中谓语动词表示动作发生，表示被动、完成。,第7页,One evening Harry phoned me,asking me to come to his flat as soon as possible.,一天晚上哈里给我打电话，要求我尽快去他家。,Having lived in New York for years,I know each part of it very well.,因为住在纽约多年，我对这里每一处都很熟悉。,Seen from the top of the mountain,the city is very beautiful.,从山顶上看，这座城市很漂亮。,Having been ignored for a long time,the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out.,因长时间被忽略，坐在后面男孩感到枯燥就出去了。,第8页,【,温馨提醒,】,有些动词过去分词已经形容词化，且惯用于一些系表结构中，此时这些过去分词只表示一个状态，作状语时不表示被动关系，其前不用,being,。如：,located(,坐落，位于,),，,lost(,迷路,),，,seated(,坐,),，,hidden(,躲,),，,lost/absorbed in(,沉溺于,),，,dressed in(,穿着,),，,tired of(,感到厌倦,),等，不论它们在句中作何种成份都不用其,ing,形式。,Absorbed in his book,he didnt notice me enter the room.,他专心于读书，没注意到我进入房间。,第9页,三、独立成份作状语,有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式选择不受上下文影响，称作独立成份。常见有：,generally speaking,普通来说,frankly speaking,坦白地说,judging from/by,依据,来判断,considering/taking,into consideration,考虑到,to tell you the truth,说实话,第10页,seeing,鉴于,/,因为,supposing,假设，假如,assuming,假使,given,考虑到，鉴于,provided(that,),假如,Considering your health,youd better have a rest.,考虑到你健康，你最好休息一下。,第11页,对点巩固,第12页,
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