高中英语选修7-unit1语法-动词不定式.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 1 Living well,Learning about Language,1/75,1,Fill in the table below.,You can use,the dictionary to help you.,Noun,Adjective,ambitious,absent,suitability,benefit,annoynance,ambition,absence,suitable,beneficial,annoyed/annoying,2/75,Noun,Adjective,clumsiness,firmness,noise,psychology,encouraging,clumsy,firm,noisy,psychological,encouragement,3/75,1.How do you measure the length of a race round a racetrack?,2.How would you feel if someone kept talking when you were trying to read?,2 Answer each question by using a,correct new word in this unit.,lap,annoyed,4/75,3.In what way can a teacher check if you,have learned the new words by heart?,4.What do you call an item written in a,diary or in a dictionary?,5.What kind of instrument does a doctor,need to examine viruses in blood?,dictation,entry,microscope,5/75,6.How do you describe someone who is happy to meet new people?,7.What do you call students in the same year,group and the same situation as you?,8.What do you call the behaviour of one,student to others?,outgoing,fellow,conduct,6/75,3 Complete this passage using the words,below.,There was a time when children with mental,disabilities were prevented from living a normal,life _.They used to _ in,their own homes after being educated in special,in,many,ways,sit,around,adapt to cut out in other words,out of breath sit around in many ways,make fun of all in all,7/75,schools.,Other people sometimes _ them.But,now things are changing.There are training,programmes for young people with mental,disabilities,which have proved very beneficial.,Students like Xie Li,mentally disabled from,birth,now have a chance to become athletes.But,it is a challenge.She has to _ training,programmes as well as mixing with other,able-bodied athletes.,make fun of,adapt to,8/75,“,Xie Lis confidence has grown,”said her father.,“She looks much better and is not so often,_ after her training._ her,mother and I are very happy with her progress.”,So,instead of _ mainstream activities,mentally disabled students can become part of the,mainstream._ they can lead a,more fulfilling life.,In,other,words,out of breath,All in all,cutting out,9/75,Revise the Infinitive,Unit 1 Grammar,10/75,1.It is good,to help others,.,2.It is my ambition,to make sure that,the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.,3.My ambition is,to work in,the computer industry when I grow up.,Identify its function.,(subject),(subject),(predicative),想一想,11/75,4.I dont have time,to sit around,feeling sorry for myself.,5.I am the only student in my class,to have a pet snake,.,6.A big company has decided,to buy it from me,.,7.My fellow students have begun,to accept me for who I am,.,(attribute),(attribute),(object),(object),12/75,8.I have had to work hard,to live a normal life,.,9.Some days I am too tired,to get out of bed,.,10.We must call on local government,to,give financial assistance to disabled,people,.,(adverbial),(adverbial),(object complement),13/75,动词不定式作用,Functions of Infinitive,1,主语,(subject),2,表语,(predicative),3,宾语,(object),4,宾补,(object complement),5,定语,(attribute),6,状语,(adverbial),7,独立结构,(absolute construction),14/75,1,不定式作主语,(subject),To keep smiling,is healthy for you.,It,s important,to look up the new,words in the dictionary,when you,study English.,单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。,若不定式太长,往往用,it,作形式主语,不定式后置。,15/75,My job,to protect the world,.,My ambition,is,to _.,is,2,不定式作表语,(predicative),16/75,Seeing is to believe.,To see is believing.,Seeing is believing.,To see is to believe.,不定式惯用在系动词,be,seem,appear,get,remain,等后作表语。,All you have to do is,(,to,),finish the,job quickly.,假如主语部分有个表示不定式内容,do,用作表语不定式可省略,to,。,17/75,Yao Ming likes,to play,basketball,.,I find it still necessary,(for him)to _,if he wants to win.,3,不定式作宾语,(object),句型：,think/consider/find it+adj.+to do,18/75,常接动词不定式作宾语动词有：,agree,afford,appear,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,hate,hesitate,hope,hurry,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish,。,19/75,你记得哪一条路到那儿吗？,Do you remember,which way to get,there?,下一步干什么你决定了吗,?,Have you decided,what to do,next?,我来问他怎么样开这机器。,Ill ask him,how to operate,the,machine.,1),不定式有时和连接代词,/,副词组成宾语。,20/75,2),有时不定式由,whether,引发。,I didnt know,whether to laugh,or cry,about it.,3)feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider,等动词后假如是不定式做宾语，,补语是形容词,(,间或是名词,),，惯用,it,作形,式宾语，把不定式后移。,I find it difficult,to work,with him.,21/75,4,不定式作宾补,(object complement),My mum asks me,to play the piano,two hours every day.,22/75,The teacher told me,to clean the blackboard,.,I expect you,to give me some help,.,引导不定式作宾补动词：,warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force,等,+sb to do sth,23/75,listen to,hear,watch,五看,see,look at,observe,notice,三使,let,make,have,二听,一感觉,:,feel,+sb do sth,（,不带,to,）,24/75,1.They saw the boy,fall,suddenly from,the tree.,The boy was seen,to fall,suddenly,from the tree.,但当以上动词用于被动式，,to,要还原：,Mother made John,wash,the car for,a week.,John was made,to wash,the car for,a week.,25/75,3,不定式用在介词,but,except,besides,后时,假如这些介词前有行为动词,do,各种形式,那么介词后不定式不带,to,相反则带,to,。,1.She could,do,nothing,but cry,.,2.I,have,no choice,but to go,.,3.What do you like to,do,besides sleep,.,26/75,5,不定式作定语,(attribute),1.Kate is looking for a,suitable coat,to wear,.,2.Tom has a nice pen,to write with,.,27/75,1.,不定式作定语与所修饰词之间有三种关系：,I have a lot of work,to do,.,我有很多工作要做。,He is always the first,to come,.,他总是第一个来。,We all have a chance,to go to college,.,我们都有上大学机会。,(1),动宾关系,(2),主谓关系,(3),同位关系,28/75,2.,当名词被,the first,the last,the only,等词以及形容词最高级修饰时,eg:,She is always,the first,to come and,the last,to leave.,3.something,anything,nothing,everything,等复合不定代词惯用不定式做后置定语。,29/75,注意比较：,1)Have you anything,to send,?,你有什么东西要寄吗？,2)Have you anything,to be sent,?,你有什么要（我或他人）寄东西吗？,（不定式,to send,动作执行者是,you,）,（不定式,to be sent,动作执行者是,已被省略,me,或,someone else,）,30/75,5.,假如不定式是不及物动词,则后面需,适当介词。,Please pass me some paper to write,_.,on,4.,也可用在,have to do,和,there be,句型中。,There is no one,to take care of her,.,I have no jewelry,to wear,.,31/75,I got up early to _.You came here to_.,in order to,so as to,enough to,only to,too.to,catch the train,6,不定式作状语,(adverbial),在一些短语中也有表达,32/75,eg:He spoke loudly(so as/in order),to be heard,.,1.,表示目标,:,to,in order to,so as to,so/such as to do,不定式作状语,33/75,2.,表示原因,:,不定式能够用在作表语形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed,等。,eg:Im glad/pleased,to see you.,We were surprised,to hear the news.,34/75,so+adj./adv.+as to do,such+adj.+n.+as to do,adj./adv.+enough+to do,too+adv./adj.+to do,He was,so,foolish,as to,believe it.,=He was,such,a fool,as to,believe it.,=He was foolish,enough to,believe it.,3.,结果状语,:,常与,only,enough,或,too,连用,He studied hard only to fail the exam.,35/75,To tell the truth,I am not happy at the,moment.,to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truth,7,独立结构,(absolute construction),36/75,8.,不定式否定结构：,不定式否定结构多由“,not+,不定式”组成，,否定副词,not,never,seldom,hardly,等要置于,to,前。,请告诉你小孩不要在街上玩耍。,Please tell your child,not to,play in the street.,她检验名字为了不犯错误。,She checked the names,so,as,not,to,make,mistakes.,37/75,动词不定式时态和语态,形 式,主 动,被 动,普通式,进行式,完成式,完成进行式,to do,to have done,to be doing,to have been,doing,to be done,to have been,done,38/75,(1)They pretended not,to see us,.,(2)He pretended,to be sleeping,.,(3)She pretended,to have known it before,.,(,普通式表示与谓语动作同时,/,几乎,/,发生在它之后。,),(,在谓语动词发生同时,不定式动作也正在进行。,),(,完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。,),(4)Were happy,to have been working with,you,.,(,完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式动作一直在进行而且可能之后也,继续。,),39/75,不定式时态,不定式普通式,to do,I am glad,to see you,.,He has decided,to give her,some money.,表示动作通常与谓语所表示动作,或状态同时或者几乎同时发生，或是,在它之后发生。,40/75,不定式进行式,to be doing,I am very glad,to be working,with you.,He pretended,to be working,hard,when his boss passed him.,表示动作通常与谓语动词表示动,作同时发生。,41/75,不定式完成式,to have done,He happened,to have seen,the,film before.,The novel is believed,to have been,translated,into Chinese.,不定式所表示动作发生在谓语动作,或状态之前。,42/75,He wanted,to have met,you at the,airport,but he didnt get there in time.,表示过去没有实现期待或者计划,hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planned,He would like to,have played,the,violin at the concert.,不定式完成式在,would like,后边表示,未能实现愿望。,43/75,不定式语态,主动语态,to do,被动语态,to be done,It is an honor for me,to be invited,to,attend the meeting.,Everyone likes the hero,to be praised,.,44/75,We asked him to stay till the next,day,but he refused,to,.,Are you a teacher?Yes,and I have,to be,.,What we want to do now is lie down,and,have,a good rest.,I didnt say anything but,to make,a,gesture.,省略,to,与省略,do,45/75,1.prefer n.(doing)to n.(doing),2.prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.,3.would rather do,4.would rather+,句子（虚拟语气）,5.advise/allow/permit/forbid sb.to do,advise/allow/permit/forbid doing,固定词组和句型,46/75,The question is very difficult,to answer,.,The problem is difficult,to deal with,.,1.,主语,be+adj.+to do,能用于此句型形容词有,:,difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome,(,使人疲劳,),interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important,etc.,主动形式表被动意义不定式,47/75,The box is light enough,to,carry.,The river water is warm enough,to,swim in.,2.,主语,+be+adj.+enough+to do,The books seemed,too,heavy,to,carry.,The ice is,too,thin,to,skate on.,3.,主语,+be +too+adj.+to do,48/75,1.Last summer I took a course on _.,A.how to make dresses,B.how dresses be made,C.how to be made dresses,D.how dresses to be made,课堂练兵,49/75,2.Ive worked with children before,so,I know what _ in my new job.,A.expected B.to expect,C.to be expecting D.expects,3.There are five pairs_,but I am at,a loss which to buy.,A to be chosen B to choose from,C to choose D for choosing,50/75,4.I find these problems are easy _.,A.to be worked out,B.to work them out,C.to work out,D.to be worked them out,5._ late in the morning,Bob turned,off the alarm.,A.To sleep B.Sleeping,C.Sleep D.Having slept,51/75,6.I would love _ to the party last,night but I had to work extra hours,to finish a report.,A.to go B.having gone,C.going D.to have gone,7.John was made _ the truck for,a week as a punishment.,A.to wash B.washing,C.wash D.to be washing,52/75,8.Tom kept quiet about the accident,lose his job.,A.so not as to B.so as not to,C.so as to not D.not so as to,9.The patient was warned _ oily,food after the operation.,A.to eat not B.eating not,C.not to eat D.not eating,53/75,1._ this cake,youll need 2 eggs,175g sugar and 175g flour.(,广东卷,),A.Having made,B.Make,C.To make,D.Making,实战高考,54/75,2.Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)_,birds kept in cages in order to have the,pleasure of setting them free.,(,重庆卷,),A.is said to be buying,B.is said to have bought,C.had said to buy,D.has said to have bought,55/75,3.I like getting up very early in summer.,The morning air is so good _.,(,全国卷,),A.to be breathed,B.to breathe,C.breathing,D.being breathed,56/75,4.Did the book give the information you,needed?,Yes.But _ it,I had to read the,entire book.(,北京卷,),A.to find,B.find,C.to finding,D.finding,57/75,5.David threatened _ his neighbor,to the police if the damages were not,paid.(,上海卷,),A.to be reported,B.reporting,C.to report,D.having reported,58/75,6.With the world changing fast,we have,something new _ with all by,ourselves every day.(,重庆卷,),A.deal,B.dealt,C.to deal,D.dealing,59/75,7.The children all turned _ the,famous actress as she entered the,classroom.(,全国卷,I),A.looked at,B.to look at,C.to looking at,D.look at,60/75,8.With Fathers Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the,bank _ presents for my dad.,(,全国,I,卷,),A.buy,B.to buy,C.buying,D.to have bought,61/75,9.There were many talented actors out,there just waiting _.,(,江西卷,),A.to discover,B.to be discovered,C.discovered,D.being discovered,62/75,10.We were astonished _ the temple,still in its original condition.,(,辽宁卷,),A.finding,B.to find,C.find,D.to be found,63/75,11.I have a lot of readings _ before,the end of this term.(,山东卷,),A.completing,B.to complete,C.completed,D.being completed,64/75,12.In many peoples opinion,that,company,though relatively small,is,pleasant _.(,四川卷,),A.to deal with,B.dealing with,C.to be dealt with,D.dealt with,65/75,1,爱和被爱都是最大幸福。,_ are both great happiness.,2,听说他已经完成了他工作。,He is said _,_.,3,依据报道他们已安全抵达。,They are reported _.,To love and to be loved,to have finished/completed,his work,翻译下面句子。,to have arrived safely,66/75,4,我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。,I want this bike _,_.,5,玛利好像已经被通知此事了。,Mary seemed _.,6,众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚,金牌。,He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympics.,to be repaired at once,to have been told about it,to have been given,/immediately,67/75,I want to tell you something.,Make up a short passage using the infinitive as much as possible.The beginning of the passage is given below.,68/75,For example,Hi,I want,to tell you something,.I will go,to Ruian for shopping this afternoon.Do,you want,to go with me,?First,Id like to,go to Kaitai Store,.But,to be frank,most,of time I am there,only to do some,window shopping,because everything is,expensive.Then,I plan,to go to HongQiao,69/75,Road to buy some clothes,.I like,to try the,new fashion style of this season,.By the,way,do you know anything,to entertain us,?,If so,I cant wait,to have a try,!,Why not come and join me?,70/75,Marty says,2.I,used to,climb trees,swim and play,football.,3.Then I started,to get,weaker and weaker.,Have A L k,Unfortunately,the doctors,dont know,how to,make,me better,but I am very,outgoing and have learned,to adapt to,my disability.,71/75,4.Even after all that,no one,could give my disease a name,and it is difficult,to know,what the future holds.,5.Sometimes,too,I was too weak,to go to,school so my education suffered.,6.My ambition is,to work,for a firm,that,develops computer software when I grow,up.,Marty says,72/75,Marty says,7.Last year I inventedand a,big company has decided,to buy it,from me.,8.I also have,to do,a lot of work,especially,if I have been away for a while.,9.Just accept them for who they are,and,give them encouragement,to live,as rich,and full a life as you do.,73/75,不定式由“,to+,动词原形,”组成,其否定形式是“,not/never to do,”,不定式能够带宾语或状语组成不定式短语,没有些人称和数改变,但有时态和语态改变。不定式能够作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式逻辑主语有时用“,for+,名词或代词宾格,”组成。,不定式,74/75,动词不定式作用,Functions of Infinitive,1,主语,(subject),2,表语,(predicative),3,宾语,(object),4,宾补,(object complement),5,定语,(attribute),6,状语,(adverbial),7,独立结构,(absolute construction),75/75,