2019届江苏专用高考英语专题复习命题规律探究+题组分层精练专题十一细节理解讲义.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题十一 细节理解,高考英语,(,江苏省专用,),A,组,自主命题,江苏卷题组,Passage 1,(2017,江苏,A),词数,:189,CHRONOLOGICA,The,Unbelievable,Years,that,Defined,History,五年高考,DID YOU KNOW.,In 105 AD paper was invented in China?,When Columbus discovered the New World?,The British Museum opened in 1759?,CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time,from the foundation of Rome to the,cre,-,ation,of the internet.Along the way are tales of kings and queens,hot air balloons.and monkeys in,space.,Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman,Emperor wasn,t always as good as it sounds,how the Hundred Years,War didn,t actually last for 100,years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record.,CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history,beautifully illustrated and,full of unbelievable facts.While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history,such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great,this book also gives an account of the lives of less-,er,-known individuals including the explorer,Mungo,Park and sculptor,Gutzon,Borglum,.,This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old,and,guaran,-,teed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!,1.,What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?,A.A biography.,B.A travel guide.C.A history book.,D.A science fiction.,2.,How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?,A.By,giving details of its collection.,B.By,introducing some of its contents.,C.By,telling stories at the beginning.,D.By,comparing it with other books.,答案,语篇解读,本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一本叫,CHRONOLOGICA,的历史书,这本书中有人类,历史上的很多重要年份、重要事件、重要人物,还有一些不很出名的人物。,1.,C,推理判断题。根据开头的“,The Unbelievable Years that Defined History”,并结合后文对,这本书的描述,我们可以推断出这本书是一本历史书。,2.,B,细节理解题。本文的大量篇幅被用于介绍书中的历史时间、历史事件和历史人物,由此,可知作者通过介绍书的内容的方式来推荐这本书,所以答案为,B,项。,重点词汇,define,vt,.,解释,;,阐明,;,给,下定义,guarantee,vt,.,确保,;,保证,词汇积累,informative,adj,.,给予知识的,illustrate,vt,.(,用插图、示例,),说明,;,加插图于,Passage 2,(2016,江苏,A),词数,:203,Day School Program,Secondary students across Toronto District School,Board(TDSB,)are invited to take one or two,e,-Learning courses on their day school timetable.,Stu,-,dents will remain on the roll at their day school.,The on-line classroom provides an innovative,relevant and interactive learning environment.The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the,Ministry of Education.,These on-line courses:,are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers;,are part of the TDSB student,s,timetable;and,appear on the student,s report upon completion.,Benefits of,e,-Learning,Include:,access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school;,using technology to provide students with current,information;and,assistance to solve timetable conflicts.,Is,e,-Learning for You?,Students who are successful in an on-line course are usually:,able to,plan,organize,time and complete assignments and activities;,capable of working independently in a responsible and honest,manner;and,able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet access.,Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course.,续表,1.,E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that,.,A.they,are given by best TDSB teachers,B.they,are not on the day school timetable,C.they,are not included on students,reports,D.they,are an addition to TDSB courses,2.,What do students need to do before completing e-Learning courses?,A.To,learn information technology on-line.,B.To,do their assignments independently.,C.To,update their mobile devices regularly.,D.To,talk face to face with their teachers.,答案,语篇解读,本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了,e,-Learning courses,即网上学习课程的情况。,1.,D,推理判断题。根据文章第三段的,are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers,可知,这些网,上学习课程只是由,TDSB,的老师教授而没有说是最好的,TDSB,老师教,所以,A,项错误,;,根据第一段,可知网上学习课程是在学生的,day school timetable,上的,因此,B,项错误,;,根据文章第三段,appear on,the student,s report upon completion,可知,网上学习课程是会出现在学生的,report,里的,所以,C,项,错误,;,由文章第一段和第四段可推测出这些网上学习课程是,TDSB,课程的补充,所以,D,项正确。,2.,B,细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知,在网上课程上成功的学生是能够以负责和诚实,的态度独立学习的,所以可推测出,在完成网上学习课程之前学生需要独立地去完成自己的任,务,因此,B,项正确。文章没有提到,A,、,C,、,D,三项。,高级语块,1.be available,可被利用或得到的,2.provide,sb,.with,sth,.,为某人提供某物,3.be capable of,有能力,能够,长难句,Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would,in a face-to-face classroom course.,在他们的网络课程学习上学生需要花费至少跟面对面班级课,程上一样多的时间。,本句为比较状语从句,as much time as.,是一个同级比较。,Passage 3,(2016,江苏,B),词数,:385,Chimps(,黑猩猩,)will cooperate in certain ways,like gathering in war parties to protect their,territo,-,ry,.But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings,they have little instinct(,本能,)to help,one another.Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.Even chimp mothers regularly decline to,share food with their children,who are able from a young age to gather their own food.,In the laboratory,chimps don,t naturally share food either.If a chimp is put in a cage where he can,pull in one plate of food for himself or,with no greater effort,a plate that also provides food for a,neighbor in the next cage,he will pull at randomhe just doesn,t care whether his neighbor gets fed,or not.Chimps are truly selfish.,Human children,on the other hand,are naturally cooperative.From the earliest ages,they desire to,help others,to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.The psychologist,Michael,Tomasello,has studied this cooperativeness in a series of experiments with very young,chil,-,dren,.He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a,door,almost all will immediately try to help.,There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help,inform and share are not,taught,but,natu,-,rally possessed in young,children.One,is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most,parents have started to train their children to behave socially.Another is that the helping behaviors,are not improved if the children are rewarded.A third reason is that social intelligence develops in,children before their general cognitive(,认知的,)skills,at least when compared with chimps.In tests,conducted by,Tomasello,the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world,tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.,The core of what children,s minds have and chimps,don,t is what,Tomasello,calls shared,inten,-,tionality,.Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking.But beyond that,even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose.They actively seek to be part of a,“we”,a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.,1.,What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?,A.Chimps,seldom care about others,interests.,B.Chimps,tend to provide food for their children.,C.Chimps,like to take in their neighbors,food.,D.Chimps,naturally share food with each other.,2.,Michael,Tomasello,s,tests on young children indicate that they,.,A.have,the instinct to help others,B.know,how to offer help to adults,C.know,the world better than chimps,D.trust,adults with their hands full,3.,The passage is mainly about,.,A.the,helping behaviors of young children,B.ways,to train children,s shared intentionality,C.cooperation,as a distinctive human nature,D.the,development of intelligence in children,答案,语篇解读,本文是一篇说明文。很小的孩子就会帮助别人,与人合作和分享,这是人的本性。,1.,A,细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的实验得知黑猩猩不关心、不在乎同类。故,A,项正确。,其中,C,项干扰性较大,黑猩猩只是自私,而不是喜欢那么做。,2.,A,推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一、二句,Human children,on the other hand,are naturally,cooperative.From the earliest ages,they desire to help others,to share information and to participate,in achieving common goals.,可知,小孩帮助他人是出于本能,故选,A,项。,B,项太片面,;C,、,D,两项文,中没提到。,3.,C,主旨大意题。通读全文可知,作者通过对黑猩猩和小孩进行实验证实了助人、与别人合,作是人独有的本能。,A,项干扰性较大,文章不是简单地介绍了小孩子的助人行为。,高级语块,1.at random,胡乱,;,任意地,随便地,2.no better than,几乎等于,3.participate in,参加,长难句,If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or,with no,greater effort,a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage,he will pull at random.,如果一只黑猩猩被放在一个笼子里,在这个笼子里它能为自己拿一盘食物,或者能不付出更多的,努力就可以拿到为旁边笼子里的邻居也提供食物的盘子,它会随意拿,本句中,if,引导条件状语从句,其中有两个定语从句,第一个为,where,引导的定语从句修饰先行词,a,cage,第二个为,that,引导的定语从句修饰先行词,a plate,。,Passage 4,(2015,江苏,A),词数,:207,1.,According to the,Code,visitors,should act,.,A.with,care and respect,B.with,relief and pleasure,C.with,caution and calmness,D.with,attention and observation,2.,What are you encouraged to do when,travelling,in New Zealand?,A.Take,your own camping facilities.,B.Bury,glass far away from rivers.,C.Follow,the track for the sake of plants.,D.Observe,signs to approach nesting birds.,答案,语篇解读,本文为应用文,主要向游客介绍了在新西兰旅游时的注意事项。,1.,A,推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,文章介绍的游客须知,都在要求游客在新西兰旅游时应,该注意遵守规则并尊重当地环境。故选,A,项。,2.,C,细节理解题。根据第七条,Camp or picnic carefully,中,use facilities provided,可知,露营野炊要,使用所提供的设施,A,项错误,;,根据第三条,Get rid of rubbish,中,recycle,waste(e.g,.,glass,paper),where possible,可知,玻璃、纸张等垃圾应该被回收而不是被掩埋,B,项错误,;,根据第八条注意事项,Keep to the track,下的内容可知,要走在已有的小道上,以免损伤脆弱的植被,C,项符合题意,;,根据第,二条,Protect plants and animals,可知,不要在鸟类栖息地让宠物乱跑,另外根据最后一条,Be,consid,-,erate,中,observe no smoking signs,可知,要注意禁烟标志,并不是接近鸟类栖息地要注意标志,D,项,错误。,高级语块,1.be considerate with,考虑某事,;,体谅某事,2.in the back country,在偏僻的乡村,3.lessen the chance of.,减少,的可能性,长难句,If in doubt declare it to Customs.,如果拿不准,就向海关申报。,If in doubt,是省略的状语从句,相当于,If you are in,doubt;declare,it to Customs,是祈使句。,declare,在,本句中指,(,向海关,),申报,另外还可表示“公布,宣告”。,Passage 5,(2013,江苏,A),词数,:243,Guest Services,Front Gate Guest Services can help you with anything from finding out,what time your,favourite,show starts to purchasing,tickets.The,Guest,Services location inside Front Gate also serves as a message,centre,lost,children,s area and lost and,found.Canada,s,Wonderland does not offer,personalized public paging(,传呼,).,Food&Drink Options,Shops are located throughout Canada,s,Wonderland.Picnic,baskets and,coolers are welcome at the shelter located outside Wonderland on the,north side of our Front,Gate.Outside,food and drinks are not allowed in,the,Park.Bottled,water may be brought into the Park.,ATMs,ATMs are located just inside the Park beside,Stroller,Locker,and,Wheelchair Rentals at the Front,Gate,as,well as,KidZville(beside,Guest,Services),Splash,Works(two,locations),and,outside Thunder Run.,Pet Care,A pet care facility is located outside our Front Gate on the south side for,a daily,fee.Water,and air-conditioned shelters are,provided.Guests,are,asked to provide food and exercise.,1.,The leaflet is to inform visitors of the Park,s,.,A.advanced,management,B.thrill,performances,C.entertainment,facilities,D.thoughtful,services,2.,A visitor to the Park can,.,A.rent,a stroller outside Front Gate,B.ask,for first aid by Thunder Run,C.smoke,in the Water Park,D.leave,his pet at,KidZville,First Aid,If you need medical,assistance,tell,any park employee who will call First,Aid and have them come to your location.,Stroller,Locker,and Wheelchair Rentals,Stroller,locker,and wheelchair rentals are available inside the Park at the,Front,Gate,beside,Thrills Are Wonderland.,Smoking Policy,Smoking is not permitted while riding or standing in line for rides or in,any of the children,s areas or the Water,Park.Smoking,is permitted in,designated(,指定的,)areas only.,Failure to observe all Park rules could result in being driven out of the,Park without refund.,续表,答案,语篇解读,本文为应用文,题材为广告、传单类。主要介绍了,Canada,s Wonderland,的相关信,息,目的是让读者了解,Canada,s Wonderland,的相关服务和规定。,1.,D,细节理解题。根据,Guest,Services,Food,&Drink,Options,ATMs,Pet Care,First Aid,及,Stroller,Locker and Wheelchair Rentals,部分内容可知,本广告,/,传单,(the leaflet),介绍的都是关于,Canada,s Wonderland,为游客提供贴心服务的信息,(thoughtful services),故选,D,项。文章没有太多,涉及该公园先进的管理、激动人心的表演和娱乐设施,故排除,A,、,B,、,C,三项。,2.,B,细节理解题。根据,Stroller,locker and wheelchair rentals are available inside the Park at the,Front Gate,部分内容可知,stroller,在公园的里边,排除,A,项,;,从,First Aid,部分可以了解到如果你需要,医疗帮助,你可以告诉任何一名工作人员,他会帮你把急救人员叫到你所在的地方,B,项正确,;,根,据,Smoking Policy,部分,Smoking is not permitted while riding or standing in line for rides or in any,of the children,s areas or the Water Park.,可排除,C,项,;,根据,Pet Care,部分,A pet care facility is located,outside our Front Gate on the south side for a daily fee.,可排除,D,项。,评析,本题是一道细节理解题。四个备选项涉及的信息比较分散,需要考生耐心寻找和比对。,另外正确答案,B,项中的,Thunder Run,在,First Aid,部分并没有提及,在,ATMs,部分反而提及了,Thun,-,der,Run,由这一部分的内容可以看出,Thunder Run,应该是乐园中的一处设施,很有可能就是急救,中心的名称,这需要考生展开丰富的想象。,高级语块,1.serve as,充当,担任,2.observe rules,遵守规则,3.result in,导致,长难句,Front Gate Guest Services can help you with anything from finding out what time your,favourite,show starts to purchasing tickets.,从帮您弄清您喜欢的节目开演的时间到买票,前门客服,中心可以为您提供任何服务。,本句,from.to.,结构中,finding out,后,what time your,favourite,show starts,为宾语从句。,B,组,统一命题、省,(,区、市,),卷题组,Passage 1,(2017,课标全国,A),词数,:236,San Francisco Fire Engine Tours,San Francisco Winery Tour,Running:February,1st through April 30th,This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the,fa,-,mous,Winery SF.Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.,(Included in ticket price),Departing from the,Cannery:Tour,times upon request,Duration(,时长,):2 hours,Price:$90,Back to the Fifties Tour,Running:August,16th through August 31st,This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco,s most fantastic periods,the 1950s!En-,joy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.,Departing from the Cannery:5:00 pm and 7:30 pm,Duration:2 hours,Price:$90,Spooky Halloween Tour,Running:October,10th through October 31st,Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district.Authentic fire gear(,服装,)is provided for,your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.,Departing from the Cannery:6:30 pm and 8:30 pm,Duration:1 hour and 30 minutes,Price:Available,upon request,Holiday Lights Tour,Running:December,6th through December 23rd,This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco,s most cheerful holiday scenes.Authentic,fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.,Departing from the Cannery:7:00 pm and 9:00 pm,Duration:1 hour and 30 minutes,Advance reservations required.,1.,Which of the tours is available in March?,A.San,Francisco Winery Tour.,B.Back,to the Fifties Tour.,C.Spooky,Halloween Tour.,D.Holiday,Lights Tour.,2.,What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour?,A.Go,to Treasure Island.,B.Enjoy,the holiday scenes.,C.Have,free ice cream.,D.Visit,the Presidio district.,3.,What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?,A.Take,some drinks.,B.Set,off early in the morning.,C.Wear,warm clothes.,D.Make,reservations in advance.,答案,语篇解读,本文是一篇广告类文章。介绍了旧金山四项各具特色的游玩活动。,1.,A,细节理解题。根据短文中对这四项活动的运行时间的介绍可知,第一项活动的时间是,February 1st through April 30th,即从,2,月,1,号一直到,4,月,30,号,所以答案为,A,项。,2.,C,细节理解题。根据第二部分的“,as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice,cream”,可知,参加这项游玩活动你可以品尝到免费的冰激凌,所以答案为,C,项。,3.,D,细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的最后一句话“,Advance reservations required.”,可知,参,加这项游玩活动需要提前预订,所以答案为,D,项。,重点词汇,trans