高考复习情态动词名师优质课赛课一等奖市公开课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,情态动词,第1页,考点归纳,第2页,will,would,1)用于表达意志或意愿。will指目前，would指过去。,e.g.I will never do that again.,They said that they would help us.,2)表达“祈求；提议”。用would比will委婉、客气些。,e.g.Will you please take a message for him?,Would you please pass him the book？,1.情态动词基本使用措施,第3页,3)表达习惯性动作，“总是”“惯于”，will指现 在，would指过去。,e.g.Fish will die without water.,4)表达预料或猜测。,e.g.It would be about ten when he left home.,5)表达规律性“注定”用will。,e.g.People will die without water or air.,第4页,can,could,1)表达能力。,e.g.My grandma is well over eighty,but she can read without glasses.,2)表达客观也许性。,e.g.Accidents can happen to any drunken driver.,3)表达祈求和容许。,e.g.Can I have a look at your design?,Yes,of course you can.,第5页,4)表达惊讶、怀疑、不相信态度。（重要用于否认句，疑问句和惊叹句）。,e.g.What can he be doing at this time of,night?,5)表达祈求，口语中常用could替代can,使语气更委婉。,e.g.Could you please help me with this,furniture?,第6页,may,might,1)表达容许、许可。否认回答时，一般用mustnt，“严禁、制止”。,e.g.May I watch TV after supper?,Yes,you may./No,you mustnt.,2)表达祈求、容许时，might比may语气更委婉；用May I？征询对方许可在语气上比较客气；用Can I？征询对方意见更常见。,e.g.Might I use your telephone?,Yes,please.,May/Can I go home now?,Yes,you may/can.,第7页,3)表达也许性推测，“或许，也许”，用might替代may时，语气显得愈加不愿定，用于陈说句中。,e.g.It may be true.,She may e tomorrow.,He might have some fever.,4)may用于祈使句中表达祝愿。,e.g.May you succeed！,第8页,must,1)表达“必须；应当”。以must开头问句，否认回答常用neednt或dont have to，必然回答用must。,e.g.You must e to school on time.,2)表达有把握推测，只用于必然句中。,e.g.You must be ill.I can see it from your,face.,3)表达“非要；偏要”。,e.g.They are sleeping.Must you play the,piano at this time？,第9页,have to,表达“必须；不得不”，强调客观需要，有时态，人称变化。,e.g.I cant see things clearly.I have to wear,glasses.,第10页,shall,1)用于第一人称，表达征求对方意见。,e.g.What shall we do next？,2)用于第一、三人称疑问句，表达说话人征求对方意见和向对方请示。,e.g.Shall we begin our lesson?,Shall the driver wait？,3)用于第二、三人称陈说句，表达说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺和威胁。,e.g.You shall go with me.,He shall be punished.,第11页,should,1)表达劝说或提议，“应当”。,e.g.We should be strict with ourselves.,2)表达推测，“也许”或“应当”。,e.g.They should have arrived by two,oclock.,3)用于第一人称表达说话人一种谦逊、客气、委婉语气。,e.g.I should advise you not to do that.,You are mistaken,I should say.,第12页,4)用在if条件句中，表达也许性很小，但也不是完全不也许。,e.g.Ask Tom to ring me up if you should,see him.,5)Why/how+should，表达意外，惊异，“竟会”。,e.g.Why should you be so late today？,第13页,need,表达“需要；必要”，用于否认句、疑问句中，只有目前时，其他时态用have to对应形式替代。,e.g.You neednt ask him the question.,Need I finish the work before ten?,第14页,dare,表达“敢；勇于”，重要用于疑问句、否认句和条件从句中，一般不用于必然句(I dare say除外)。,e.g.Dare you go alone there?,The boy darent say so before the teacher.,How dare he do such a thing？,第15页,ought to,1)表达“应当”。,e.g.You ought to take care of him.,2)表达推测。,e.g.He ought to be home by now.,第16页,used to,表达过去常常(目前已经不再)。,e.g.There used to be a temple here.,had better,表达“最佳”。,e.g.You had better finish it now.,第17页,【注意】,could,should,might不一定与过去时间,有关,而是表达也许性弱于与其对应,目前时形式;,should/ought to表达推测时,表达确定或,也许性大合乎理想状况或成果。,第18页,need和dare用作实义动词时,有词形变化,变成否认句、疑问句时,要加助动词。如：,You dont need to do it yourself.,We should dare to give our own opinion.,第19页,2.表达推测情态动词层次比较,情态动词“推测”功能。如：can,could,may,might,must皆可表达推测，使用时要,注意如下几点：,1)注意语气。语气较强用must,cannot,couldnt;语气较弱用may,might或can,could。,2)注意句式。在必然句中，一般用may,might,must;在否认句、疑问句中常用can,could。,第20页,3)注意时态。表达对目前或未来状况推测，此时通常用“情态动词动词原形”构造；表达对目前或未来正在进行状况进行推测，通常用“情态动词进行体”构造；表达对过去状况推测，通常用“情态动词完毕体”构造。,第21页,3.情态动词+have done,must have done,表达对过去状况必然推测。,may/might have done,表达过去也许发生过某事。,3)could have done,表达过去也许发生，但并未发生，具有埋怨或训斥之意；也可表达对过去也许发生事情一种推测。,第22页,4)should/ought to have done,表达过去本该做（某事）而实际上未做；should not/ought not to have done表达过去本不该做（某事）但实际上却做了，具有批评、责怪之意。,5)need have done,表达过去本来有必要去做（某事），但实际上没有做；need not have done表达过去本没有必要做（某事），但实际上做了。,第23页,4.考察情态动词特殊使用措施,1)cannot/cant 与too/over/enough/perfectly/,sufficiently等词连用，“越越”“不管怎样，也不为过”“决不会，够(过)”。,第24页,2)cannot wait to do sth.“急于做某事”。,3)may/might well动词原形“理应，有足够理由”；,may/might as well动词原形“还不如，不妨，还是好”。,第25页,4)must“偏要，硬要”；can用在必然句中，,可以表达客观上也许性；shall用在法律、公约、协定等文献中可以表达义务、规定等；should表达估计或推测上“应当”，“也许，该，估计，按理应当”；will可以表达习惯性和倾向性，“惯于，老是，究竟是”等。,第26页,5)can/could与be able to辨析,时态辨别,情态动词can只有两种时态形式,目前式can和过去式could,be able to有多种时态形式。,语境成果辨别,could可以表达过去能力,was/were able to表达通过一番努力后获得了成功,相称于manage to do或succeed in doing,而could没有这个含义。,第27页,真题再现,第28页,1.Ive prepared all kinds of food for the pi ic.,Do you mean we _ bring anything with us?(湖南),A.cant B.mustnt,C.shant D.neednt,第29页,2.It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,_ bring me food.(江苏),A.might B.would,C.should D.could,3.Ive ordered some pizza,so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.,(重庆),A.cant B.dare not,C.neednt D.may not,第30页,4.They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they _ to our help.(浙江),A.would have e B.could e,C.have e D.had e,5.Life is unpredictable;even the poorest _ be e the richest.(江西),A.shall B.must,C.need D.might,第31页,巩固练习,第32页,1.As good friends,you _ us about your,trouble earlier.If so,all of us could have given,you a hand.,A.should tell B.might tell,C.might have told D.should have told,2.According to school rules,all the students,_ do sports for at least one hour every day,during school time.,A.might B.shall,C.may D.need,.选择填空。,第33页,3.Artistic people can be very difficult to get,on with sometimes.,Well,you _ know you married one.,A.can B.might,C.need D.should,4.You _ be so upset about the result.Keep,working hard and you will do better next time.,A.neednt B.mustnt,C.cant D.wont,第34页,5.I have something important to tell John.,But I cant find him.,His cell phone is here,so he _ have gone,too far.,A.mustnt B.neednt,C.wouldnt D.cant,6.Those smokers must be aware of the harm,that secondary smoking _ cause to people,around them.,A.may B.must,C.should D.need,第35页,.从方框内选用合适情态动词并用其对旳,形式填空（包括否认形式）。,1.Is David ing by train?,He should,but he _ not.He likes,driving his car.,2.No reader _ remove a book from the library without the permission of the librarian.,3.The girl _ be Mary shes in New York.,can,shall,may,should,need,must,may,shall,cant,第36页,4.That the well-dressed young man _ speak to you like that is quite astonishing.,5._ I finish the job right now?,Yes,you must.,6.Must we hand in our exercise books today?,No,you _.,7.Havent you seen the sign“No parking”here?Cars _ be parked here.,should,Need,neednt,mustnt,第37页,8.Shall I inform her of the change of the,meeting right now?,I am afraid you _,in case he,es late for the meeting.,9._ you be interested,Ill tell you the whole story.,10.It was an easy test and he _ have,passed,but he didnt.,must,Should,should,第38页,III.根据括号内汉语提醒补全如下句子。,1.She _(不需要亲自来)a letter would have been enough.,2.I lost your address,otherwise I _,_(早就写信给你了).,3.They are always making trouble.I think its high time they _(被教训一顿了).,neednt have e in person,written to you,would have,were taught a lesson,第39页,4.He insisted I _(应当打个车)and offered to pay for it.,5.Your advice that she_ _(等到下周)is reasonable.,6.I should not have made fool of you if I _,_(早想到你是认真).,7.If you had spent more time practicing making it before,you _,_(就能把它做得更好)now.,(should)take a taxi,(should)wait till next,thought you were serious,week,had,it much better,would be able to make,第40页,第41页,