四级翻译新题型训练.ppt

,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,四级翻译新题型训练,试卷面貌浏览,改革题型对策：听力,强化每日的听写训练，从背单词开始，,确保单词拼写准确无误，并增加对短语、固定搭配的积累。,改革题型对策：阅读,快速阅读理解,“,换装,”,为长篇阅读理解,篇章长度和难度不变。,附有,10,个句子,每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落,有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。,按样卷的设置：,四级试卷中本题共计,9,段，对应,10,题，这意味着必有一段对应两题,;,六级试卷中本题共计,15,段，对应,10,题，这意味着必有,5,题是纯干扰段。,阅读环节时间依然很紧张，选词,+,段落,+,精读，合计,40,分钟。目测新题目大家只能做,10,分钟。时间如此之短，题量如此之大,(,六级,10,分钟读,15,段内容,+,判断,),，所以，相应训练和技巧必须到位。,在词汇基础基本保证的情况下，一些相关阅读技巧必须纯熟。,1.,特殊信号词汇在段落和题目中的对应，例如数字、大写、特殊符号,;,2,、段落首句作为重点信息处理,;,3,、特别关注段落衔接句,;,4,、大量训练不可少。,翻译部分,翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为,140-160,个汉字,;,六级长度为,180-200,个汉字。,四级：人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。,六级：各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。,难点,从题目看，翻译难度不及考研及专八翻译,语言障碍：例如：“喜庆的气氛”、“进行大扫除”,遣词造句：以“增加喜庆的气氛”为例，“增加”一词，考生基本反应都是,increase,而标准答案是：,To enhance the joyous atmosphere.,段落翻译对策,1,、重视中国的历史、文化,建议考生有意识的积累和背诵一些和中国节日、历史事件、经济和社会发展相关的词汇。,2,、关注以反映中国社会为主的一些英文杂志和报纸。,例如,中国日报,及其网站。推荐一个中国日报网站下面的一个小栏目：,language tips,，有大量简单实用的双语文章。,六级样题难点词汇,新年的庆祝活动,New Year celebrations,习俗和传统,customs and traditions,团聚,gather;get-together;reunion,驱厄运,sweep away ill fortune;get rid of bad luck,大扫除,thoroughly clean the house;spring cleaning;general cleaning,六级样题难点词汇,健康、发财、好运,health,wealth and good luck,发红包,give money in red envelopes;hand out red envelopes,探亲访友,visit relatives and friends;pay a visit to relatives and friends,除夕,Chinese New Years Eve,六级样题难点词汇,有很大差异,vary widely;have a great/huge difference,年夜饭,the annual reunion dinner,迎好运,bring in good luck,放鞭炮,light firecrakers,新题型应对技巧,听写,听写：,听前预读：尽快熟悉文字材料，了解短文大意，根据语法规则猜测空格处要填入单词的词性、单复数、分词等语法形式。,三遍听音，各有重点：第一遍听为主，记为辅。重点借助文字材料，理解和把握全篇内容和脉络，顺便填写有把握的单词和做笔记,新题型应对技巧,听写：,第二遍记为主，听为辅。写下单词，长单词或词组可以用笔记先记下。,第三遍查缺补漏，注意单复数和分词形式。,3.,熟记词组搭配：听音时往往有连读、爆破等语音现象出现，所以平时要注意积累固定搭配，尤其是所含介词。,新题型应对技巧,阅读,抓住文章及段落主旨：略读和查读；标题和前两段及每段前一两句,用题目中的关键词快速定位匹配：数字、大写单词、段首等词。,新题型应对技巧,翻译,1.,了解中英语言差异，理解句子的逻辑关系。分析和理解汉语原文的句内及句间关系，补充相应的句子成分及连接词。,2.,积累相关主题词汇。涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等，平时注重主题词汇的英文表达。,翻译练习,1,2008,年全球经济衰退导致中国的新毕业生的就业市场显著下降。,2009,年毕业的学生将加入到,2008,年毕业仍在找工作的,300,万学生之中。毕业生过剩（,glutlt),也可以归因于大学入学率的提高和教育机构的增加。虽然大学的学生人数增加了，但是他们的质量并没有明显地提高。在大多数情况下，毕业生无法在,2008,年找到合适的就业机会是因为他们没有行业所需的技能。,分句翻译,1.,2008,年全球经济衰退导致中国的新毕业生的就业市场显著下降。,2.,2009,年毕业的学生将加入到,2008,年毕业仍在找工作的,300,万学生之中。,The 2008 global recession resulted in a significant drop in the job market for Chinas new graduates.,Students graduating in 2009 will join around three million students who graduated in 2008 and are still seeking job opportunities.,分句翻译,3.,毕业生过剩（,glutlt),也可以归因于大学入学率的提高和教育机构的增加。,4.,虽然大学的学生人数增加了，但是他们的质量并没有明显地提高。,The graduate glut can also be attributed to a rise in the number of college enrollments and educational institutions.,Although the number of college students has increased,there has not been any significant improvement in their quality.,分句翻译,5.,在大多数情况下，毕业生无法在,2008,年找到合适的就业机会是因为他们没有行业所需的技能。,In most cases,graduates were unable to find suitable employment in 2008 because they did not have the skills required by the industry.,翻译练习,2,农历八月十五日是中国的传统节日,中秋节。传说月亮在这一天最大最圆。中秋节的传说是非常丰富的，嫦娥,(,Chang Er,),奔月是最为人所熟知的故事。虽然各地丰富不同，但是赏月是最流行的活动。每当中秋月亮升起，人们会将月饼、石榴,(,pomegranate,pmgrnt,),、枣子等瓜果供于桌案上，全家人围桌而坐，边吃边谈，共赏明月。,分句翻译,1.,农历八月十五日是中国的传统节日,中秋节。,The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the Chinese traditional festivals held on the 15,th,day of the 8,th,lunar month.,分句翻译,2.,传说月亮在这一天最大最圆。中秋节的传说是非常丰富的，嫦娥,(,Chang Er,),奔月是最为人所熟知的故事。,It is said that the moon is at its brightest and roundest on that day.There are many legends about this festival,among which Chang Er flying to the moon is the most well-known.,分句翻译,3.,虽然各地丰富不同，但是赏月是最流行的活动。,Although customs differ in different districts,enjoying the beautiful moon is the most popular activity.,分句翻译,4.,每当中秋月亮升起，人们会将月饼、石榴,(,pomegranate,pmgrnt,),、枣子等瓜果供于桌案上，全家人围桌而坐，边吃边谈，共赏明月。,On that day when the moon rises,all the family members will sit around the table to talk and enjoy the glorious full moon as well as the fruits and desserts such as mooncakes,pomegranates and dates.,翻译练习,3,酒是中国人生活中的重要饮料之一。中国制酒源远流长，享誉中外。在中国最具有代表性的酒莫过于白酒了，从某种角度上来说，中国的酒文化就是白酒文化。酒在中国人眼里更多的是一种交际的工具。酒渗透于整个中华五千年的文明史中，从文学艺术创作、文化娱乐到饮食烹饪、养生保健等各方面在中国人生活中都占有重要的位置。,分句翻译,1.,酒是中国人生活中的重要饮料之一。,2.,中国制酒源远流长，享誉中外。,Alcohol is one of the important drinks in Chinese peoples life.,Chinese alcohol-making has a long history and has been renowned at home and abroad.,分句翻译,3.,在中国最具有代表性的酒莫过于白酒了，从某种角度上来说，中国的酒文化就是白酒文化。,4.,酒在中国眼里更多的是一种交际的工具。,In China,no alcohol is more representative than Chinese liquor and at some point,Chinese alcohol culture is Chinese liquor culture.,Alcohol is more of a communication tool in Chinese peoples eyes.,分句翻译,5.,酒渗透于整个中华五千年的文明史中，从文学艺术创作、文化娱乐到饮食烹饪、养生保健等各方面在中国人生活中都占有重要的位置。,Alcohol has permeated 5000 years civilization of the whole Chinese history,which plays an important role in every aspect of Chinese peoples life,from literary and artistic creation and entertainment to food and cooking and health preservation.,翻译练习,4,北京大学于,1898,年在北京成立，原名为京师大学堂。该大学的成立标志着中国近代史上高等教育的开始。在中国近代史上，它是进步思想的中心，对中国新文化运动、五四爱国运动及其他重要事件的发生颇有影响。今天，国内不少排名将北京大学列入国内顶尖大学之列。该校重视教学和科学研究。为提高本科生教育和研究生教育质量、为保持其领先研究机构的地位，学校已做了很大努力。此外，学校尤以其校园环境及优美的中国传统建筑而闻名。,分句翻译,1.,北京大学于,1898,年在北京成立，原名为京师大学堂。,2.,该大学的成立标志着中国近代史上高等教育的开始。,Peking University was established in Beijing in 1898 and was originally known as the Imperial University of Peking.,The establishment of the university marked the beginning of Chinas modern history of higher education.,分句翻译,3.,在中国近代史上，它是进步思想的中心，对中国新文化运动、五四爱国运动及其他重要事件的发生颇有影响。,In modern history of China,it was a center for progressive thought and was influential in the birth of Chinas New Culture Movement,May Fourth Movement and many other significant events.,分句翻译,4.,今天，国内不少排名将北京大学列入国内顶尖大学之列。该校重视教学和科学研究。,Today,many domestic rankings place Peking University among the top universities in China.The university lays emphasis on both teaching and scientific research.,分句翻译,5.,为提高本科生教育和研究生教育质量、为保持其领先研究机构的地位，学校已做了很大努力。,6.,此外，学校尤以其校园环境及优美的中国传统建筑而闻名。,Great efforts have been made to improve the quality of undergraduate and graduate education and maintain its role as a leading research institution.,In addition,the University is especially renowned for its campus environment and the beauty of its traditional Chinese architecture.,翻译练习,5,丝绸之路,(the Silk Road),是公元前,2,世纪开始出现的一条联系中国和欧亚大陆的交通要道，由于这条道路开始时以丝绸贸易为主，所以人们便称它为丝绸之路。这条陆上道路从中国的长安开始，经甘肃、新疆，进而到中亚、西亚，并一直联结到地中海,(the Mediterranean),沿岸各国。丝绸之路不仅是一条古代通商的道路，它更是连接古代中华文明、印度文明、埃及文明、希腊文明和美索不达米亚文明的纽带，是东西方文化和科学技术交流的桥梁。,分句翻译,1.,丝绸之路,(the Silk Road),是公元前,2,世纪开始出现的一条联系中国和欧亚大陆的交通要道，由于这条道路开始时以丝绸贸易为主，所以人们便称它为丝绸之路。,The Silk Road refers to a transport route connecting ancient China with Eurasia.It appeared as early as the second century and was traveled mainly by silk merchants,hence the name.,分句翻译,2.,这条陆上道路从中国的长安开始，经甘肃、新疆，进而到中亚、西亚，并一直联结到地中海,(the Mediterranean),沿岸各国。,The Silk Road began in Changan,passing through Gansu and Xinjiang to Central Asia,West Asia,and to lands by the Mediterranean.,分句翻译,3.,丝绸之路不仅是一条古代通商的道路，它更是连接古代中华文明、印度文明、埃及文明、希腊文明和美索不达米亚文明的纽带，是东西方文化和科学技术交流的桥梁。,The Silk Road functioned not only as a trade route,but also as a bridge that linked the ancient civilizations of China,India,Egypt,Greece and the Mesopotamian plains.It also helped to promote the exchange of cultures and science and technology between east and west.,翻译练习,6,春运是指中国春节前后一段时间里出现的一种高负荷交通运输，一般从春节前,15,天开始，持续约,40,天。对大多数中国人来说，在春节期间与家人团聚是一个悠久的传统。人们从工作、读书的地方回到家里，在除夕夜与家人一起吃团圆饭。春运期间的客流量在近,10,年来每年都已超过中国的总人口。春运被称为每年世界上最大的人类迁徙活动。在这期间，铁路运输往往经历最大的考验。,分句翻译,1.,春运是指中国春节前后一段时间里出现的一种高负荷交通运输，一般从春节前,15,天开始，持续约,40,天。,Chunyun refers to the extremely high traffic load in China around the time of the Spring Festival.It usually begins 15 days before the Lunar New Years Day and lasts for around 40 days.,分句翻译,2.,对大多数中国人来说，在春节期间与家人团聚是一个悠久的传统。人们从工作、读书的地方回到家里，在除夕夜与家人一起吃团圆饭。,It is a long-held tradition for most Chinese people to reunite with their families during Chinese New year.People return home from work or study to have Reunion dinner with their families on New Years Eve.,分句翻译,3.,春运期间的客流量在近,10,年来每年都已超过中国的总人口。,4.,春运被称为每年世界上最大的人类迁徙活动。在这期间，铁路运输往往经历最大的考验。,The passenger flow during the Chunyun period has exceeded the population of China each year for the recent decade.,Chunyun has been called the largest annual human migration in the world.Rail transport experiences the biggest challenge during the period.,翻译练习,6,中国航天工程神州宇宙飞船及其十次成功发射给全世界留下了印象。,1992,年，中国载人航天工程正式获得批准。,1999,年,11,月,20,日，中国首只无人操作飞船“神州一号”成功发射，这标志着中国在太空探索中取得首个巨大突破。在接下来的三年，无人操作飞船的几次试验飞行,(test flight),相继执行。第五次发射的“神州五号”在,2003,年,10,月,15,日第一次将中国首位宇航员送入天空。自此，中国成为继俄罗斯和美国之后第三个具备自主载人航天能力的国家。,词汇难点,留下印象：,make an impression,批准：,approve/authorize,标志：,mark,突破：,breakthrough,执行：,carry out,分句翻译,1.,中国航天工程神州宇宙飞船及其十次成功发射给全世界留下了印象。,2.1992,年，中国载人航天工程正式获得批准。,Shenzhou spacecraft of Chinas program has already made a worldwide impression with successful blastoffs(n.,发射，升空,).,Chinas Manned Space Program was formally approved in 1992.,分句翻译,3.1999,年,11,月,20,日，中国首只无人操作飞船“神州一号”成功发射，这标志着中国在太空探索中取得首个巨大突破。,On November 20,1999,Chinas first unmanned spacecraft,Shenzhou 1,was successfully launched,which marked Chinas first great breakthrough in space exploration.,分句翻译,4.,在接下来的三年，无人操作飞船的几次试验飞行,(test flight),相继执行。,5.,第五次发射的“神州五号”在,2003,年,10,月,15,日第一次将中国首位宇航员送入天空。,In the following three years,several test flights of unmanned spacecrafts were successively carried out.,The fifth launch,Shenzhou 5,was the first to carry first Chinese astronaut into space on 15 October,2003.,分句翻译,6.,自此，中国成为继俄罗斯和美国之后第三个具备自主载人航天能力的国家。,Since then,China has become the third country in the world to have independent manned space flight capability after Russia and the United States.,翻译练习,7,能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。人类文明跨出重要的每一步都伴随着能源的革新和更替,(substitution),。能源的开发利用,(utilization),极大地推进了世界经济和人类社会的发展。中国是目前世界上第二位能源生产国和消费国。能源供应的持续增长，为经济增长和社会发展提供了重要的支撑。能源消费的快速增长，为世界能源市场创造了广阔的发展空间。作为世界能源市场不可替代的重要组成部分，中国在维护全球能源安全上，正在发挥着越来越重要的积极作用。,词汇难点,文明：,civilization,伴随：,accompany,革新：,innovation,推进：,boost,，,promote,push forward.advance,不可替代的,:irreplaceable,组成部分：,part,component,分句翻译,1.,能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。,2.,人类文明跨出重要的每一步都伴随着能源的革新和更替,(substitution),。,Energy is an essential material basis for human survival and development.,Every significant step in the progress of human civilization has been accompanied by energy innovations and substitutions.,分句翻译,3.,能源的开发利用,(utilization),极大地推进了世界经济和人类社会的发展。,4.,中国是目前世界上第二位能源生产国和消费国。,The development and utilization of energy has enormously boosted the development of the world economy and human society.,China is now the worlds second-largest energy producer and consumer.,分句翻译,5.,能源供应的持续增长，为经济增长和社会发展提供了重要的支撑。能源消费的快速增长，为世界能源市场创造了广阔的发展空间。,The sustained growth of energy supply has provided an important support for the countrys economic growth and social progress,while the rapid expansion of energy consumption has created a vast scope for the global energy market.,分句翻译,6.,作为世界能源市场不可替代的重要组成部分，中国在维护全球能源安全上，正在发挥着越来越重要的积极作用。,As an irreplaceable component of the world energy market,China plays an increasingly important role in maintaining global energy security.,翻译练习,8,秦始皇是中国历史上杰出的政治家、战略家和改革家。,13,岁继承王位，,39,岁统一中国并自封“始皇帝”,(First Emperor),，建立第一个统一的、多民族的、中央集权制的国家。统一中国后，他推行了一系列改革，比如统一度量衡单位和货币标准、统一文字,(the Chinese script),。他在位期间还进行多项浩大工程，比如修建长城和他的陵墓等。为了加强统治，他禁止、焚烧经典书籍，坑杀儒士,(Confucian scholars),。虽然他的一些举措给人民带来沉重的灾难，但他的功绩远大于过失。,词汇难点,战略家：,strategist,继承王位：,inherit the throne,succeed to the throne,自封：,proclaim,(prklem,宣告，公布,),oneself,多民族的：,multi-ethnic,推行改革,:pass reforms,carry out reforms,take reforms,词汇难点,在位期间：,during/in ones reign,(ren,统治,),禁止：,outlaw,ban,prohibit,坑杀：,buryalive,功绩：,achievement,分句翻译,1.,秦始皇是中国历史上杰出的政治家、战略家和改革家。,2.13,岁继承王位，,39,岁统一中国并自封“始皇帝”，建立第一个统一的、多民族的、中央集权制的国家。,Qin Shi Huang is an outstanding statesman,strategist and reformer in the history of China.,He inherited the throne at the age of 13.At age of 39,he unified China and proclaimed himself the First Emperor,establishing the first united,multi-ethnic and centralized country.,分句翻译,3.,统一中国后，他推行了一系列改革，比如统一度量衡单位和货币标准、统一文字。,4.,他在位期间还进行多项浩大工程，比如修建长城和他的陵墓等。,After the unification of China,he passed a series a reforms,for example,standardizing the units of measurements and currency,unifying the Chinese script.,He also undertook enormous projects such as the construction of the Great Wall and his tomb in his reign.,分句翻译,5.,为了加强统治，他禁止、焚烧经典书籍，坑杀儒士,(Confucian scholars),。,6.,虽然他的一些举措给人民带来沉重的灾难，但他的功绩远大于过失。,To strengthen his rule,he outlawed and burned classic books and buried some Confucian scholars alive.,Although some of his measures brought people heavy disaster,his achievement is far more than his error.,Focus on Population Aging,Nowadays,the world is undergoing a period of great prosperity and various problems.Population aging is one of the social problems we have to confront with now.In the picture,it shows that the rate of population aging has been accelerating and the number of elders will run up to 87 million by the year 2050.It is high time that we focused on the matter of population aging.,The situation of population aging has become increasingly severe and its problems have come to the fore.,Firstly,with smaller families and escalating pace of life,it is even graver for families to care for aged members adequately.,Secondly,population aging may cause a decline in work force,which will consequently affect the productivity of the whole society.,Personally speaking,to build a solid economic foundation is the first thing we should do.Then,greater capitals should be invested in social security and welfare.And family care and community services shall also be encouraged.,