自然拼读法.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Phonics,自然拼音法,一、小学英语语音教学中面临的共性问题：,1.,标注汉语读单词,2.,会说不会认单词,3.,学生成绩两级分化严重,4.,机械记忆单词，遗忘率高,5.,辨音题失分严重,二、什么是,phonics,？,Phonics,，即字母拼读法（又译自然拼音）已经在欧美国家流行百年，是自然形成的一种发音规则，主要教授英文字母（,letter,）与语音（,sound,）间的对应关系。是目前国际主流的英语教学法，它不仅是以英语为母语国家的孩子学习英语读音与拼字，增进阅读能力与理解力的教学法，更是以英语为第二语言的英语初学者学习发音规则与拼读技巧的教学方法。是美国、加拿大本土孩子的必修课程。,1998,年被引入香港和台湾，近几年逐步拓展到全国各地。自然拼读法的最大特点是：通过直接学习,26,个字母及字母组合在单词中的发音规则，让学生感受到字母及字母组合与发音的关系，建立字母及字母组合与发音的感知，它会把复杂的发音归纳成有规律的、简单的发音，帮助孩子建立音形联系、了解发音和拼写规则，掌握英语拼读规律，从而达到看到单词就会读，听到单词就会拼的学习目的。彻底解决学生学英语发音难、发不准音的问题。据研究，只要孩子掌握这些发音规则，并加以练习，不需要借助音标，就都能够读出,80%,的英语单词，把枯燥无味的背单词变成一件简单的事，从而达到事半功倍的效果。使英语学习变得简单、快乐、有趣。是一种效果显著的英语教学法。,26,个,英文字母,5,个,元音字母,：,Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu,21,个,辅音字母,：,Bb Cc Dd Ff Gg Hh Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Pp Qq,Rr,Ss Tt Vv Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz,三、单词的发音规则和分类方法及步骤,元音字母及字母组合的发音规则,辅音字母及辅音组合的发音规则,特殊字母及字母组合的发音,单词的拼读方法和步骤,双音节词和多音节词的音节划分方法,元音字母及字母组合的发音规则,a e,i,o,u,a_e e_e i_e o_e u_e,ar er ir or ur,ai ay ee ea ey ie igh oa ow,ou ow oi oy au aw al ui ue oo ew,以“一个元音字母,+,一个或两个辅音字母”结尾的单词叫做闭音节单词，简称为“以元辅或元辅辅”结尾的单词。,A,在闭音节单词中读短音,：，例词如下：,at,cat bat fat hat mat pat sat rat flat,ad,sad mad dad bad,an,man fan can and hand land,am,ham jam,map bag flat back apple,五个元音字母在闭音节的单词中读其短音。,以“一个元音字母,+,一个或两个辅音字母”结尾的单词叫做闭音节单词，简称为“以元辅或元辅辅”结尾的单词。,五个元音字母在闭音节的单词中读其短音。,E,在闭音节单词中读短音：,，例词如下：,egg bed get pen end well best desk,eg ed et en end ell,U,在单词中读短音：,，例词如下：,sun lunch bus duck hug,un ug,I,在闭音节单词中读短音：,i,，例词如下：,six big hill pin kid sit,ix ig ill in id,O,在闭音节单词中读短音：,，例词如下：,box not top sock lost,ox ot op ock,a_e e_e i_e o_e u_e,（神奇的,E,）,A,在“,a-e”,结尾的单词中读其字母本身的音：,ei,，例词如下：,ame,name same game,ake,lake make bake cake take,ate,date gate late hate Kate plate,ace,place face race,safe tape made grade,五个元音字母在“元辅,e”,结尾的单词中读其长音，即其字母本身的读音（字母音）。,E,在,e-e,结尾的单词中读其字母音：,i:,these eve,I,在,i-e,结尾的单词中读字母音：,ai,kite fine ride like nice price smile,ite ine ide ike ice,O,在,o-e,结尾的单词中读字母音：,u,nose rope rode note home hole smoke,U,在,u-e,结尾的单词中读字母音：,ju:,tube cube cute mute huge,ar er ir or ur R,元音,ar,:,car cart dark hard garden arm farm art party,ark,ard arm art,er,sister marker dinner teacher under farmer her mother,ir,:dirty shirt bird girl first third birthday,irt,ur,:,turn nurse turtle turkey fur hurt,urn urse,ar er ir or ur R,元音,or,:,pork fork morning short forty sport forty door,ork orn,or:,word work world,ore:more bore score before,元音字母组合的发音：,ai,：,ail,tail nail fail mail jail rail,aid,maid paid raid laid,ain,main gain pain paint rain brain train,ait,bait wait,ay,：,day say pay May lay gray play,ai,ay,ei,ai ay ee ea ey ie igh oa ow,ee ea ey,i:,ee,：,bee see need deep feet week keep green,eed eep eet,ea,：,sea tea read clean meat eal eagle peach speak,ean eat,ey,：,key donkey monkey money honey turkey,元音字母组合的发音：,ea e:head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather bread dead deaf ready weather health,ie igh,ai,igh:,right sight night high sigh bright,ie i:,：,thief piece chief movie cookie,元音字母组合的发音：,ie,:tie pie lie die,oa ow,u,ou,：,road boat goal soap loaf roast,oad oat oal oap oaf oast,ow,:rainbow bowl pillow yellow window hollow low blow slow grow borrow snow row sow own,元音字母组合的发音：,字母操,ou ow oi oy au aw al,ui ue,oo ew,ou,:out shout mouth house mouse cloud couch count found sound,ou,u:,:group route through,ow,:cow now flower tower,ower,down town brown clown crown,own,ou ow,au,元音字母组合的发音：,oi,:coin join point oil boil soil coil noise,oy,:soy toy joy Roy boy,oi oy,i,au aw al,:,au,:because naughty caught daughter taught,augh,bought thought,ought,aw,:paw law saw draw straw lawn awful lawyer,al,:l,：,also always already,元音字母组合的发音：,al,:call tall fall ball wall small hall walk talk all,Oou:,:good foot wood book cook look hook took,ui,suit juice fruit,ue,blue glue true clue,u ue ui,在,j,、,r,、,l,后面时读作,u:,oo,:moon roof boots food spoon room cool fool boom afternoon too,ui ue oo ew,u:,ew,:blew drew grew threw,ewju:few hewnewview newspaper,元音字母组合的发音：,好脚站在木头上，碰见老,K,发短音。,21,个,辅音字母的音标,如下：,B-b C-k D-d F-f,G-g H-h J-d K-k,L-l M-m N-n P-p,Q-kw R-r S-s T-t,V-v W-W X-ks Y-j,Z-z,21,个辅音字母的读音中有大部分跟汉语拼音的读音相似。,辅音组合的发音规则,th ch tch sh wh ph,bl fl pl cl gl cr gr pr fr tr dr,sm sn sw sl sp st sc sk spr str scr,kn wr ck mb,ph,f,:phone phrase physics phonics enough,th th ch tch sh wh ph,th,:this that these those father mother brother feather weather with then than the,th,:thank think thing math tooth thick mouth teeth thin three thirsty thief bath throw throat,cht,:much chair lunch French beach church chicken,tch,t,：,catch match fetch,sh,:,sheep fish dish,shirt ship shop she finish shake fresh,wh,W,:what when which why white while wheel wheat,wh,h,：,who whose whom whole,bl fl pl cl gl cr gr pr fr tr dr,bl,:blue black bloom,fl,:flat fly flag flower,pl,:plane play plate,cl,:clock clean clay,gl,:glass glue,cr,:cry cream,fr,:frog Friday,gr,:gray green grass,pr,:price press pray,tr,tr,:tree truck train,dr,dr,:drink dress drum dry,sm sn sw sl,sp st sc sk spr str scr,sm,:smile small smell,sn,:snow snake snack,sw,:swim sweet sweat,sl,:slow sleep sled slope,sp,:spell speak space spoon sport,spring,st,:star stop star stand stick story stocking,street strong strawberry,sc,:scarf scream,screen,sk,:skirt skate sky ski,kn wr ck mb,kn n,:knob knee knife knock knew,wr r,:write wrote written wrong,ck k,：,back duck neck black,mb m,:thumb lamb bomb comb climb,特殊字母及字母组合的发音,ts ds qu ng ge dge ful ing tion,eigh ild ind old ost ei,eer ear eir air are,ts,t,s,：,its parts lots hats,ds ds,:hands beds birds,qukw,：,quick quack queen question,ng,:song sing long thing bring,ged,：,age page large huge,dged,：,bridge edge judge,ful ful,:useful helpful,ing i,:sing swing playing going,tion n,:fiction question,ts ds qu ng ge dge ful ing tion,eigh ild ind old ost ei,eighei,:eight weight eighth neighbor,height,ild,aild :wild mild,ind,aind:kind find behind blind,old,uld:old gold cold sold,ost,uld:post host most ghost,ei,ai,:either neither,a+s,，,f,，,th,:spass class glass grass fast ask last basket after father,ear,:bear pear wear,eir/ere,:their there where,air,:air fair hair pair,are,:care dare hare share,eer,:cheer engineer,ear,:ear clear year dear hear,sin,gle,lit,tle,ta,ble,peo,ple,mid,dle,un,cle,The man with f,air,h,air,d,are,not rep,air,th,eir,ch,air,s th,ere,because th,ere,is a b,ear,th,ere,.,eer ear eir air are,eer ear,i:,ear eir ere air are,e:,字母,y,的三种读音：,wh,y,sh,y,fl,y,cr,y,tr,y,dr,y,sk,y,sp,y,y,作辅音字母时，一般位于词首，读作,j,：,y,es,y,o-,y,o,y,ellow,y,作元音字母时，有两种读音：,dadd,y,sunn,y,funn,y,bab,y,stor,y,glor,y,dictionar,y,strawberr,y,在双音节或多音节单词末尾读作,i,：,在单音节单词末尾读作,ai,：,C,在,e,、,i,、,y,前面读作,s,：,c,ity,c,ell ni,c,e ri,c,e,C,在,a,、,o,、,u,前面读作,k,：,c,at,c,ap,c,ost,c,up,c,ut,字母,c,的两种读音：,g,在,a,、,o,、,u,前面读作,g,:,g,as,g,ot,g,oat,g,um,字母,g,的两种读音,：,g,在,e,、,i,、,y,前面读作,d,:ca,g,e pa,g,e a,g,e oran,g,e di,g,ital,g,ym,单词的拼读方法和步骤：,第一步：找元音，找出单词中的元音字母或元音字母组合。,第二步：找元音前面的辅音或辅音字母组合。,第三步：两音相拼。,第四步：把其他的音加进去。,第五步：对于双音节单词和多音节单词，注意重读和弱读。,same switch snowman quickly,例如：,cro,ss,ing fu,nn,y ho,bb,y hu,rr,y le,tt,er li,tt,le mi,dd,le,me,rr,y,o,ff,ice ra,bb,it su,pp,er su,mm,er,双音节词和多音节词的音节划分方法：,一般的原则是：元音和元音前面的辅音构成一个音节。如果两个元音之间夹有一个辅音或一个辅音字母组合，则该辅音归后；如果两个元音之间夹有两个辅音，则利用就近原则，各属其一。,例如：辅音归后：,be,h,ind be,s,ide bo,d,y cle,v,er,就近原则：,co,rn,er fa,rm,er fe,st,ival,在两个音节中，如果有两个一样的辅音字母时，只读一个辅音。,（一）语音变化的归纳方法,1.,归纳演绎法,2.,对比分类法,（二）语音教学的训练方法,1.,直观教具法,2.,游戏练习法,3.,儿歌巧记法,4.,说唱练习法,5.,绕口令,6.,故事教学法,7.,情景描述法,8.,媒体展示法,四、自然拼音法在课堂中的应用及教学方法,f,ar,Can you read,？,f,ar,mer,-ar,f,ar,m,Can you read?,你会读吗？,a,/,/,a,d,a,nd,ha,nd,ea,t m,ea,t t,ea,cher,t,ea,fath,er,moth,er,broth,er,wat,er,fa,ther,mo,ther,bro,ther,wat,er,d,a,d,/,/,c,a,t,b,a,g,bl,a,ck,a,feet,beef,meet,ee,ee,ee,ee /i:/,Can you read,see feel deep seed,bee peel seem feed,reel need week teem,keep jeep feet beef,c,a,t,c,a,k,e,/,/,/,ei,/,m,a,p,m,a,k,e,h,a,t,e,h,a,t,i,i-e,nine,rice,bike,kite,six,pig,big,five,like,nice,fine,你能拼读出以下单词吗？,Try to read,w,i,n b,i,t h,i,d r,i,d s,i,t,w,i,n,e,b,i,t,e,h,i,d,e,r,i,d,e,s,i,t,e,i,t,e,i,n,e,i,v,e,i,k,e,i,c,e,k,i,t,e,f,i,v,e,n,i,n,e,l,i,k,e,r,i,c,e,Try to read,你能根据,i,-,e,的发音自然拼读出以下单词吗？,k,i,t,e,b,i,t,e,l,i,k,e,b,i,k,e,M,i,k,e,f,i,v,e,d,i,v,e,l,i,v,e,n,i,n,e,m,i,n,e,p,i,n,e,r,i,c,e,i,c,e,n,i,c,e,wall,a tall,a,c,t,Its a bl,a,ck c,a,t.,I have t,e,n r,e,d p,e,ns on my l,e,gs.,单词拼读器。,大声读出你看到的单词。,a,e,m,k,t,l,t,h,g,m,d,大声读出你看到的单词。,a,单词拼读器,。,d,d,m,p,c,t,f,s,d,_,al,_,eg:,f,al,l,六人小组，由组长拼单词，其他同学读出单词,Lets try!,我家,dad,，脾气,bad,，让我,sad,。有只,cat,，非常,fat,，专吃,rat,。,把眼,close,，用我,nose,，去闻,rose,。喝着,coke,，听着,joke,，把腰,broke,。,我的,mother,生个,brother,想要,another.,寒冷,weather,身披,leather,头戴,feather.,Lets chant,a-e a a a a,a-e c,a,k,e,a-e f,a,c,e,i-e i i i i,i-e k,i,t,e,i-e f,i,v,e,o-e o o o o,o-e n,o,s,e,o-e C,o,k,e,u-e u u u u,u-e c,u,t,e,u-e t,u,b,e,I can say my,A I O U,.,Lets chant,Draw a,ball,on the,wall,。,Draw a,small ball,On the,tall,wall,Drive a,car,to the,park,Drive a,small,car,Lets go to the,park,Tongue twister,(,绕口令,),1.,Ten red pens.,2.,Ten red pens in bed.,3.,Ten red pens in pet bed.,Tips:,你会绕口令吗？四人一小组，选择,一句,来挑战吧！,They say they may stay at the railway station and wait for their neighbour to explain why it rains every day.,他们说他们可能会呆在火车站，等邻居来解释为什么天天下雨。,A good-looking cook stood on a piece of wood with his one foot,looking at a book about his childhood.,一位英俊的厨师单脚站在一截木头上，看着一本关于他童年时代的书。,Please look at the,card,.In,fall,two,tall,dogs drive a,small,car,to a,park,talk,in the,park,and play,football,.then,they want to,walk,to a,farm,arm,in,arm,.but the,farm,is,far,from the,park,.They see a,bar,near the,park,so they stop by a,tall,wall,listen to the,guitar,and enjoy the,stars.,开心阅读：,Two happy dogs,His name is,Mike,.He l,ike,s to wr,ite,and r,ide,.One t,ime,he went to the park by b,ike,.He saw a wh,ite,k,ite,.Look,whats on the k,ite,its a big number n,ine,its f,ine,.He saw f,ive,m,ice,too.They were looking for r,ice,bes,ide,the,ice,.They are so n,ice,.He helped the f,ive,m,ice,to eat the r,ice,.,i-e,i,ai,Funny story,It s _,so I go _ for a _.But there is a _,I ask,_._!Ha!Ha!There is a _ in her _.,coat cold home hole,hello rose nose road,boat goat,note,cold,home,coat,hole,Rose,Hello,rose,nose,My n,a,m,e,is K,a,t,e,.,This is my c,a,t.,I m,a,d,e,a c,a,k,e,.,The c,a,k,e,is on the pl,a,t,e,.,Where is my c,a,k,e,?,It,a,t,e,the c,a,k,e,.,There is a deer c,all,ed M,ar,k.,M,ar,k is t,all,for his c,ar,.,M,ar,k sees a b,all,near the c,ar,.,He likes the b,all,and the st,ar,s.,The b,i,k,e,.,The k,i,t,e,.,The b,i,k,e,is bright.,The k,i,t,e,is wh,i,t,e,.,Im going to fly the k,i,t,e,.,I see M,i,k,e,is on his b,i,k,e,.,We are flying the k,i,t,e,in the park.,Look,a dog!,We dont l,i,k,e,the dog!,We are sad!,The dog b,i,t,e,s the k,i,t,e,.,Unit 3 At the zoo,Lets spell,pi,g,six,bi,g,milk,p,i,g,s,i,x,b,i,g,m,i,lk,i,Read and find out the same.,绿色圃中小学教育网,My sister is,.,.,6,six,She likes drinking.,milk,She likes playing with k,i,ds,(,小朋友们,),.,One day,she gets,(,收到,),a,gift,When she opens it,she sees a,pig,The pig is not big.,The pig is,pink,粉色,She likes it.,And she can play with the pig.,Can you retell,(,复述,),the,story?,6,sister,six,milk,gift,pig,pink,My _ is _.,6,sister,six,She likes drinking _.,milk,She likes playing with _.,kids,One day,she gets a _.,gift,When she opens it,she sees a _.,pig,The pig is not _.,pink,The pig is _.,big,She likes _.,it,And she can play with the _.,pig,My,sister,is,six,.,She likes drinking,milk,and playing with,kids,.,One day,she gets a,gift,.,When she opens it,she sees a,pig,.,The pig is not,big,.,The pig is,pink,.,She likes,it,.,And she can play with the,pig,.,6,fun,us,cute,Excuse,use,tube,mule,duck,bus,under,cut,Its a duck.,A is in the,.,cube,mud,me.Can I your pen?,Look at the the desk,.,Thank you,