资源描述
1. Cultural relics
cultural 文化的 relic 遗物;遗迹;纪念物 rare 稀罕的;稀有的;贵重的 valuable 贵重的;有价值的 survive 幸免;幸存;生还 vase 花瓶;瓶 dynasty 朝代;王朝 dragon 龙 amber n.琥珀;琥珀色 in search of 寻找 amaze vt.使吃惊;惊讶amazing 令人吃惊的 select 挑选;选择
honey 蜜;蜂蜜 design n.设计;图案;构思 vt.设计;计划;构思fancy adj.奇异的;异样的 vt.想象;设想;爱好style 风格;风度;类型decorate 装饰;装修jewel 珠宝;宝石artist 艺术家
belong vi.属于;为...的一员belong to 属于in return 作为报答;回报troop 群;组;军队reception 接待;招待会;接收at war 处于交战状态remove 移动;搬开less than 少于
wooden 木制的doubt n.怀疑;疑惑 vt.怀疑;不信mystery 神秘;神秘的事物
former 以前的;从前的worth prep.值得的;相称于…的价值 n.价值;作用 adj.[古]值钱的
rebuild 重建local 本地的;当地的apart 分离地;分别地take apart 拆开painting 绘画;画
castle 城堡trial 审判;审讯;试验eyewitness 目击者;证人evidence 根据;证据explode 爆炸
entrance 入口sailor 水手;海员;船员sink vi.下沉;沉下maid 少女;女仆think highly of 看重;器重informal 非正式的debate n.v.争论，辩论。
1. invaluable adj.无法估价的，无价的，极宝贵的
valueless adj.无价的，无效果的
be of great value= be very valuable
be of use = be useful
be of help = be helpful
be of interest = be interesting
2.survive on 靠……存活下来 （意思等同于live on sth.）
survive from sth. 从……存活下来；流传下来
survive sth.在……之后仍然生存，从……中逃生
A survive B (by...)A比B活得时间长(多长时间……)
3. search for= be in search of …寻找……
类似的短语还有：
in memory of 为了纪念
in honour of 为了纪念/为了 ……表示尊重
in favor of 支持，赞同=in support of
in charge of 负责 in view of 鉴于，由于
in place of代替/取代(=instead of)
in terms of 谈及；就……而言；在……方面
search sth./sb.搜查某物/搜某人的身
search…… for sb./sth.为找寻……搜查某人/某物
search for sb./sth.搜寻某人/某物
4. amaze sb使某人吃惊
amazing adj.“令人(感到)吃惊的,令人惊喜的”，常用来修饰物
amazed adj.“（人感到)吃惊的, 惊奇的 ”,常用来修饰人。
类似的用法：
puzzled/puzzling interested/interesting excited/exciting surprised/surprising bored/boring frightened/frightening
disappointed/disappointing
5. select sth.挑选出某物
select sb.to do推选/选择某人做某事
select sb./sth. as挑选某人、某物作为……
select sb. / sth. from 从….中挑选某人、某物
select wine上乘的酒(adj.)
selection n．挑选，选择；精选品，选集
make a selection作出选择(＝make a choice)
6. by design=on purpose 有意地，故意地
by accident=by chance 无意地；偶然地
be designed to do ... 目的是做……；被打算做……
be designed for ... 为……而打算／设计
The house are specially designed for the old people. 这些房子是专门为老年人设计的。
I like the television programme educate not merely entertain.
A. designed to B. designed for
C. is designed to D. is designed for
解析：选A。
be designed to do ...为固定搭配，意为“目的是”，为过去分词短语在句中作后置定语，修饰名词programme。
B、D两项be designed for中for为介词,后面需接v.-ing形式或名词,故排除。
7. fancy
常用结构：
fancy that ... 以为是……
fancy (sb.'s ) doing想象(某人)做某事
fancy 用于感叹句中时表示“没想到，竟然”。
My sister likes to collect fancy clothes. 我姐姐喜欢搜集奇装异服。
I used to fancy wearing a long snow-like dress.过去我常常想象自己穿着雪白长裙的模样。
Children usually have a lively fancy. 孩子们往往拥有丰富的想象力。
Many students fancy playing football. 很多学生喜欢踢足球。
Fancy meeting you here！真没想到会在这儿遇到你！
I fancy (that) it's going to rain today. 我看今天要下雨。
8.jewel/jewellery
(1)jewel指“宝石，珠宝”，为可数名词。如：valuable jewels“值钱的珠宝”。它也可引申为“被珍视的东西或人”。
(2)jewellery也可写做jewelry， 为不可数名词，是“珠宝”的总称。
9. consider vt. 考虑；认为
常用结构：
consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事
consider sb./sth. as/to be ...认为；以为；觉得
consider it+adj.+to do sth ...认为做某事是……
We are considering going to Canada. 我们正考虑到加拿大去。
We consider this (to be) very important. 我们认为这非常重要。
take sth. into consideration 考虑(某事)
10. worth adj.值得（做某事）; 有（做某事）的价值 n.价值; 用处
易混辨析
worth/worthy/worthwhile
be worth+n 结构中，当名词为金钱时，表示“……值……钱”。
be worth doing sth. ……某事值得被做
be worthy of+n.当名词为抽象名词时，表示 “……值得……”。
be worthy of being done某事值得被做
be worthy to be done 某事值得被做
It is worthwhile to do sth. 值得做某事
It is worthwhile doing sth. 值得去做某事
worthless adj. 无价值的；无用的
priceless adj. 无价的；贵重的
be worth + money , 表示“ 值多少钱”
①This book is worthy of twice .
A. reading B. read
C. having read D. being read
②He is well skilled playing the piano, so his music is worth .
A. with; listening B. with; listening to
C. in; listening D. in; listening to
解析： ①选D。be worthy 后可以用不定式的被动语态或of being done结构，而worth后用动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。
②选D。be skilled in doing 也可以用be skilled at后跟名词或动名词表示，意思是“在……方面熟练的；在……方面有能力的”。worth意思是“值得”,后跟动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。在句中，music作listen to的逻辑宾语，而listen为不及物动词，因此to不可以去掉。
11. wonder n. 奇迹；奇观；惊奇,惊叹 vt. 想知道；对……感到好奇
常用结构：
in wonder 惊奇地
It is a wonder (that) ... 奇怪的是……
（It is）no/little/small wonder (that ...) 难怪……；……并不奇怪
It’s no wonder you can’t sleep . 难怪你睡不着。
I wonder who he was, where he was from and why he came. 我很想知道他是谁，来自哪里，为什么来。
单项填空
—He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
— is no wonder he always takes the first place in class.
A. It B. There C. That D. This
解析：选A。根据句意可知，此处有“怪不得……”的意思，故选A。
12. doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑; vt.怀疑；疑虑；不信
常用结构：
in doubt 怀疑，拿不定主意
no/without/beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；当然
There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问……（that从句为同位语从句，表示与之同位的no doubt的实际内容。）
There can be little doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. 毫无疑问，特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的孩子早些毕业并且在生活中尽早找到他们的位置。(2011·广东，完形)
There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg，...毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，……
No doubt he didn’t mean to hurt you.他肯定不是有意要伤害你的。
When in doubt about the question, you’d better ask the teacher. 当你对这个问题没有把握时，问一下老师。
I don’t doubt that he is honest. 我毫不怀疑他是诚实的。
We doubt if he is honest.我们怀疑他是否诚实。
在否定句和疑问句中，接that引导的从句；在肯定句中，接whether/if引导的从句。
I don’t doubt that ...我肯定……(=I’m sure/certain that ...)
I doubt if/whether ...我不确定……
(=I’m not sure/certain if/whether ...)
There is no doubt he will be asked to speak again next year.
A. that B. whether C. what D. how
13. apart adv.分离地；分别地
常用结构：
apart from ... 除了……外，除了……还有
take ...apart 拆开
tell apart 分辨出
besides/except/except for/except that/
except when/but/apart from/in addition to
besides指“除……之外，另外还有”，着重于“另外还有”。
except指“从整体里减去一部分”，着重于“排除在外”。
except for与except同义，但except for所“排除在外”的通常是整体中的一个细节，或是句中所述的整体内容中的一个部分。
except that意为“除了”，与except for同义，后面接从句。
except when意为“除非”，“除了在……时候”。
but作介词与except同义，表示“排除在外”。常与no, every, any构成的复合词连用，构成none but, nothing but, anybody but, everyone but, everywhere but以及no one but, all but等结构。
apart from 兼有besides 和except for两种含义，后接名词、代词或动名词。
in addition to 侧重表示“除了...之外还有...”
注意：用于否定句时，but, except和besides可以换用。
注：in addition to 中的to为介词，所以后接动词作宾语时要用动名词。如：
In addition to giving me some advice, he gave me some money. 他不仅给我提了些忠告，而且还给了我一些钱。
besides 还可以作副词使用
besides, moreover, furthermore, what's more , in addition 此外，另外，还有。如：
You need money and time, and in addition, you need diligence. 你需要金钱和时间，此外你还需要努力。
Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。
Take the bike apart and try to repair it this morning.请拆开这自行车并设法于今天上午修好。
There aren’t any other people to be considered but/except/besides Mr Brown.除了布朗先生外，其他人将不予考虑。
I have five other story books besides this one. 除了这本外，我还有五本别的故事书。
He answered all the questions except the last one.除了最后一个问题外，他回答了所有的问题。
I know nothing about him except that he lives next door.我不了解他的情况，只知道他住在隔壁。
He goes to work on time every day except when he is ill.
他每天都按时上班，除非他生病了。
14. in return 回报；作为报酬；作为报答
in return for sth. 作为……的交换/回报
in turn 轮流地，依次；相应地，转而
What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us?我们能做些什么来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢?
① I bought him a drink in return for his help.
② I wish I could do something for you in return.
13.. … could never have imagined that…
绝不可能想到……
※ could never have done决不可能做过某事
could not have done 不可能做过某事
都表示对过去发生的事情的可能性的否定推测
He couldn’t have gone abroad , as I saw him just now.
※ could have done “可能做过某事”, “本来可以做到，但实际并没有做到”
You could have passed the exam.
翻译：我们本来可以把钱借给他，但他没有告诉我们他需要钱。
We could have lent him the money but he didn’t tell us he needed the money .
should have done sth.过去本应该做而未做
must＋have done sth.一定……(对过去发生的事情的肯定推测)
They should have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.他们本该在午饭时间到达，但是他们的航班推迟了。(2011•全国Ⅰ，32)
单项填空
① His brother met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he have attended your lecture.
A. couldn't B. needn't
C. mustn't D. shouldn't
②—Your mother was really anxious about you.
—I know. I home without a word.
A. mustn't leave B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left D. needn't leave
解析： ①选A。
由“His brother met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon”可知，当时他不在课堂上，不可能听了你的课。Couldn’t have done意为“（过去）没做”，符合句意。
②选B。由“Your mother was really anxious about you”和“I know”可知，“我”是在为自己未打招呼离家而自责。Shouldn’t have done意为“本不应该做某事”，符合句意。
14. rather than意为“而不是”，连接两个并列成分，这两个并列成分的形式应该一致。rather than连接两个主语时，其后面谓语动词的单复数形式取决于rather than前面主语的单复数形式。同类词汇、短语还有：as well as，together with，except，but，like，with，besides，including等。
I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame.我认为该受责备的是汤姆，而不是你。
Professor Smith, together with his assistants, is doing the research day and night.史密斯教授和他的助手们正在夜以继日地进行研究。
拓展：
or rather更确切地说
other than 除了……之外
would rather do sth. than do sth.
=prefer doing ...to doing/prefer to do rather than do宁愿做……，而不愿做……
would do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做……而不愿做……
would rather (not) do sth. 宁愿（不）……
选词填空（rather than/other than/or rather）
①I met him very late on Friday night, , early on Saturday morning.
②Does anybody yourself know this?
③I decided to send an e-mail telephone.
答案：①or rather ②other than ③rather than
15. think highly of看重，器重；高度评价
think well/much of 对……评价很高
think badly/little/ill of 对……评价很低
think nothing of 轻视；认为……无所谓
(1)We all think very highly/well/much of her.
我们都非常看重她。
(2)He thinks nothing of walking four miles to work and back every day. 他把每天步行四英里上下班不当回事。
(3)I gave him some good advice，but he thought little of it.我给他提了些好建议，但他根本不理会。
15. Remove
移走,脱掉Remove your hat after you enter the house .= Take off
排除,去掉 = get rid of He removed all his doubts .
开除,把…解聘/免职= dismiss He was removed from school .
16.. insist
insist on/upon sth/ doing 坚持做，坚决做
insist that-clause 坚持认为, 坚持说… 从句通常用虚拟语气, (should) not +V原 而且主句的主语与从句的不一致
类似用法的词还有: suggest; demand; require ,advise, conmand…
eg. Mother insisted that I should not watch TV all the time.
He insisted that we accept these gifts.
但是表示坚持一个事实, 一个主张或想法时, 不用虚拟语气
eg. He insisted that he caught sight of a man in the room at that time.
Ex. 她坚持说你那天晚上是在场的.
She insisted that you were present that night.
17.look at look like look for
look sb. up and down上下仔细打量某人
look after look forward to sb. /sth./doing sth.
look into 调查；向里面看 look out 当心
look around Look up 查字典，向上看 look to sb 指望, 仰仗某人 look down on / upon sb 轻视某人 look up to sb 尊敬某人
18. remain vi 1)剩余,剩下 remain (+副词 / 介词短语)
The children ate and ate until no food remained on the table .
2) 停留,留下,逗留(比stay 正式) remain (+副词) After the party Judy remained and helped me do the dishes . How long will you remain here ?
3) 仍是,依然 remain + 形容词 / 名词 / 介词短语(系表结构) What really happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery .
4) 尚待,留待 remain + to do A lot of work remains to be done
It remains to be seen whether he will pass . 他是否通过考试仍不得而知.
拓展
remaining adj. 剩下的（作前置定语）
remain standing /seated 一直站着/坐着
remain /keep silent 保持沉默
19.no less than＝as many/much as多达（强调多）
not less than =at (the) least至少（下限）
no more than =as little as 仅仅（强调少）
not more than =at (the) most至多（上限）
not more... than不超过, 不比…怎么样
not less... than不少于, 不如……不
no more...than与...一样不（两者否定）
no less...than与...一样
You are not more careful than he is. 你不如他仔细。
You are no more careful than he is. 你和他一样不仔细。
You are not less careful than he is. 你比他仔细（你不如他粗心）。
You are no less careful than he is. 你和他一样仔细
less than+数字 少于...
+数字 超过...
more than +名词 不只是，不仅仅
+adj./adv. 非常
She is more than careful in doing things.
Mary is more than a friend.
The number of students is more than 10.
20.serve as 当，担任， 充当
He served as a waiter in the restaurant.
21.have sth. done 表示 “请人做某事”
I had my hair cut yesterday.
我要请人修理单车.I want to have my bike repaired.
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