高考语法--倒装句(含语法填空和短文改错考点预测).doc

高考英语语法-倒装句（含高考语法填空和短文改错考点预测）【高考考点透析】高考语法填空主要结合谓语动词考查完全倒装中的主谓一致，以及部分倒装中放在主语之前的助动词、情态动词、be动词；高考短文改错也从这两个方面来考查。（一）语法填空【高考题预测】1. Not until he left his home _ he begin to know how important the family was for him.2. Only in this way _ you learn English well.3. successful was her business that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.4. it rain tomorrow , we would not go hiking . 5. Strange it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.6.If Joes wife wont go to the party, will he.7. _ when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.8.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_（lie）Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.9.Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _（ run）the thief. 答案及解析：1.did not until位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装结构，此处指过去所发生的动作，需用一般过去时，故答案为did。2.can句意：只有用这种方式你才能学好英语。“only+状语”位于句首时，该句用部分倒装，根据句意需用情态动词can。3. So 在so +adj+that. 句子结构中，so和其所修饰的词置于句首时，要用部分倒装。4. Should句意：如果明天下雨, 我们就不去远足. Should it rain tomorrow = If it should rain tomorrow.5. as/ though 句意：虽然听起来很奇怪，他的观点在会上得到了所有人的认可。as/ though引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序。6. neither/nor前一个句子是否定句，故使用neither/nor表示“也不”。7. Only 句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室时她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。“only+状语从句”置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装形式did she realize。8.lies 表示方位的地点状语提前，句子用完全倒装，Chongqing是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用lies。9. ran 副词away提前，句子用完全倒装，时态是一般过去时，因此谓语动词用ran。（二）短文改错【高考题预测】1.Thereexistnowaparkthathasasmallriverrunning through2.Look, there comes the rest of our guests!3.In the natural park do live some of the worlds largest bears.4.Only if you eat the correct foods can you be able to keep fit and stay healthy. 5.Little they care about money, though they are poor.6.Your room gets very cold at night, and so is mine.7. Jane wont join us for dinner tonight and so will Tom .答案及解析：1.existexists 主语apark是第三人称单数。2. comes- come 副词there放在句首且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装结构，由guests可知the rest指代复数内容，故谓语动词用复数形式。 3. 去掉do 表地点的介词短语In the natural park置于句首时，句子用完全倒装结构，谓语动词live放到主语some of the worlds largest bears前面，助动词do多余。4. can- will can 不能和be able to连用，根据语境用一般将来时，因此要用will。5. they之前加do 否定词little置于句首，句子用部分倒装，根据后面的时态，要用一般现在时，要用助动词do构成部分倒装。6. isdoes 前一个分句用了动词gets，因此后一个倒装句中要用助动词does构成部分倒装。7. so- neither/nor 句意：简不会来参加我们今晚的宴会，汤姆也不会来。前者是否定句时，用neither/ nor，表示“也不”。【用法讲解】在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时由于语法或修辞的需要将谓语的一部分或全部提到主语前面，构成倒装句。倒装句主要有两类：完全倒装和部分倒装。一完全倒装完全倒装就是将全部谓语动词放在主语之前，主要用于以下几种情况：1. 表地点、方位、时间的副词，如here，there, in, out, up, down, away, off, now, then等置于句首时。注：在完全倒装句中，谓语动词通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。There goes thebell!铃响了。Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。Look, there come our guests!看！我们的客人来了。Now comes your turn to read the text.现在轮到你读课文了。Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。Here he comes. 他来了。（主语是代词）Awaywentthe people.人们离去了。Awaythey went.他们离去了。（主语是代词）2. 表地点、方位的介词短语置于句首时。In the south of the city lies a small factory. 城南有一个小型工厂。At the entrance of the valley stood an old pine tree在峡谷的入口处耸立着一棵古老的松树。3.“系动词+表语”结构中，把作表语的形容词，分词或介词短语置于句首，用来强调表语，或保持句子结构平衡时。Present at/ Attending the meeting yesterday were Professor White and many other guests. 怀特教授和很多其他客人昨天出席了会议。Gone are the days when my heart was young and gay.快乐童年一去不复返。Among the goods are flowers and toys. 货物中有花和玩具。4. such置于句首时，系动词be要和其后的主语保持一致。Such is the fact. 事实就是如此。Such are the results. 结果就是如此。二部分倒装部分倒装就是只将谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词、be动词放在主语之前，主要用于以下几种情况：1.“only+状语（副词、介词短语、或从句）”置于句首时。注意：状语从句中不用倒装。only+主语置于句首时不用倒装。Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有用这种方法，我们才能学好英语。Only when he returned did we find out the truth. 只有当他回来时，我们才能查明事实真相。Only a doctor can save his life. 只有医生能救他的命。2. 表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时。常见的有：not, never, hardly, seldom, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way, no soonerthan, hardlywhen等。注意：hardlywhen, no soonerthan, not onlybut also引导两个分句时，如把hardly, no sooner或not only放在句首时，前一个分句中用倒装，后一个分句则不用倒装。neithernor引导两个分句时，这两个分句都要倒装。Never before have I seen such a moving film. 我以前从未看过如此感人的一部影片。Seldom dowegetup atfourinthe morning.我们很少四点钟起床。At no time / By no means / In no way will China be the first to use nuclear weapon.中国决不会第一个使用核武器。Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him. 他刚一开始说话他父亲就制止了他。Nosooner hadIgothomethanitbegantorain.我刚到家就下起了雨。Neither do I know, nor does she. 我不知道，她也不知道。3. so/ suchthat句型中，将“so/ such+所修饰的成分”提到句首时。Sodarkwastheroom thatIcouldhardlyseeanything.屋子如此黑我什么也看不见。So loudly did they speak that people could hear them in the next room. 他们说话的声音很大，隔壁房间的人都听到了。Such a good teacher /So good a teacher is he that we all like him. 他是如此好的老师，我们都喜欢他。4. so/ neither/ nor置于句首，表示前面所说的情况也适合用于另一个人或事物时。前者是肯定时，用so，表示“也如此”；前者是否定时，用neither/ nor，表示“也不”。注意：如果so表示“的确如此”，则不用倒装。如果前面所说的是两种或两种以上不同的情况，则用Its the same with或So it is with。Mary likes singing, so does Lucy. 玛丽喜欢唱歌，露西也喜欢。Mary doesnt like singing, neither/ nor does Lucy. 玛丽不喜欢唱歌，露西也不喜欢。It was cold yesterday. 昨天很冷。So it was. 的确如此。Mary likes singing but doesnt like dancing. 玛丽喜欢唱歌，但不喜欢跳舞。It is the same with Lucy./ So it is with Lucy. 露西也是如此。5省略if的虚拟条件从句中。当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有助动词had, were或should时，可将if省略，将had, were或should放到主语前，构成倒装。Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.他们要是在这儿，会帮助我们的。(=if they were here)Hadyoucomehere,youwouldhavemetthefilmstar.你要是来了的话就能见到那位电影明星了。(=if you had come here)Should it not rain tomorrow , we would go for a picnic . 要是明天不下雨，我们就可以去野餐了。(=if it should not rain tomorrow)三.注意几种特殊形式的倒装（只是句式结构的倒装，而不是谓语动词的倒装）1.as/ though引导的让步状语从句中。“系动词+形容词/名词”，将形容词/名词提到从句的句首（名词之前不加冠词）“情态动词+动词原形”，将动词原形提到从句句首。“动词+副词”，将副词提到从句的句首。（注意：as引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装语序，though引导的从句可以用倒装语序也可以不用，但是although引导的从句不用倒装语序。）Unsatisfied as/though he was with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.尽管对报酬不满意，但为了得到一些工作经验，他还是接受了那份工作。Child as/though he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，但懂得很多。Try as/though she might, she couldnt get the door open. 尽管她尝试了，但她还是不能把门打开。Much as/though I admire him, I dont envy him. 我虽然羡慕他，但不嫉妒他。2.“the+比较级，the +比较级”句型。the+形容词/ 副词比较级放在句首，表示“越就越”，这也是一种形式的倒装。The higher the temperature is, the faster water turns into steam. 水温越高，水就越快变成水蒸气。I believe that the more carefully you do it, the better result youll get. 我认为你做得越细心，得到的结果会越好。4