八种常用时态语态.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,时态语态,复习情态动词用法,can/could,may/might,will/would,shall/should,must,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,八种常用时态,He,works,here.,He,worked,here two years ago.,He,will work,here tomorrow.,He said he,would work,there the next day.,He,is working,here.,He,was working,here at this time yesterday.,He,has worked,here for two years.,He,had worked,here before she left.,一般现在时,He usually,goes,to work at 7 oclock.,She often,studies,English,on Sunday.,He,loves,sports.,She,has,blue eyes.,The earth,goes,round the sun.,Water,boils,at 100 centigrade degrees.,Ill write to you as soon as I,get,to Shanghai.,Well not go to the park if it,rains,tomorrow.,The train,leaves,at 7 oclock.,The class,begins,at 8 oclock.,Here,comes,the bus.,There,goes,the bell.,表示经常性，习惯性。,often,usually,always,sometimes,（例句,1,，,2,）,表性格，特征,（例句,3,，,4,）,普遍真理，科学事实,（例句,5,，,6,）,时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在表将来,（例句,7,，,8,）,按计划，日程表进行,（例句,9,，,10,）,在倒装句中，有,here,there,（例句,11,，,12,）,一般现在时,一般现在时,构成：主语,V(,动词,),s,V(,动词,),es,V(,动词以,y,结尾,),变,y i,es,V(,动词,),原形,He often,read,s,English.,He,teach,es,English.,He sometimes,stud,ies,English.,I,study,English.,见课本,p48,（,2,）,一般过去时,1.I,saw,Tom in the street,yesterday,.,2.I,bought,this TV set in Beijing,last year,.,3.,When,I,was,a child,I often,played,football in the street.,4.He,used,to act like that.,5.If I,were,a bird,I,would,fly to Beijing.,6.If he,were,here now,we,could,turn to him for help.,一般过去时,1.,过去时间里所发生,(,有过去时间状语,),(,例句,1,，,2),2.,过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性,(,例句,3,，,4),3.,条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气,(,例句,5,，,6),一般过去时,构成：主语,V(,动词,),过去式,1.Tom,borrow,ed,a book yesterday.,2.I,hope,d,to help you.,3.They,pla,nned,to go shopping.,4.She,stud,ied,English last night.,5.We,did,some reading yesterday.,见课本,p50,（,2,）,一般将来时,1.,Ill,go to my hometown in a week.,2.,Well(will/shall),die without air or water.,3.,Hes going to,spend his holiday in Guilin.,4.,Im to,see Mr.Brown off this afternoon.,5.The plane,leaves,at six.,6.He,is coming to,see me on Tuesday.,1.,在将来时间发生的动作（接将来时间,）,（例句,1,）,2.be going to+,不定式，表示将来,（例句,3,）,3.be+,不定式（,to do,）表将来，按计划或安排,（例句,4,）,4.,某些动词,(come/go/leave,等,),可用一般现在时表将来,（例句,5,）,5.,某些动词,(come/arrive/go,等,),可用现在进行时表将来,（例句,6,）,一般将来时,一般将来时,构成：,主语,+will/shall+V(,动词,),原形,I,will,go,to my hometown in a week.,We,shall,come,to see you every Sunday.,I,ll,be,20 years old next year.,We,shant,be,free tonight.,We,ll,be,free tonight.,过去将来时,概念：过去某时间来看将要发生的动作。,构成：,主语,+would/should+V(,动词,),原形,He said he,would,go to Shanghai for the holiday.,He said he,was going to,cry.,We,were to,finish the job in three hours.,现在进行时,1.We,are waiting for,you now.,2.Mr.Green,is writing,another novel.,3.What,are you doing,here in Beijing?,4.He,is leaving for,Beijing this evening.,5.I,am liking,you.,错误,现在进行时,1.,表说话时正在进行。,（例句,1,）,2.,现阶段正在进行。,（例句,2,3,）,3.,现在进行时表将来。,（例句,4,）,4.,表感觉，感情等的词不用进行时。,（例句,5,）,现在进行时,构成：主语,+am/is/are+V,ing,1.They,are study,ing,English.,2.She,is hav,ing,a holiday.,3.He,is plan,ning,a trip to England.,过去进行时,构成：,主语,+was/were+V-,ing,1.They,were study,ing,English at this time yesterday.,2.She,was hav,ing,a holiday when I went to visit her.,3.He,was plan,ning,a trip to England when I met him.,概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。,构成：,主语,助动词,have(has)+V-,ed,(,动词的过去分词,),注：,has,用于第三人称单数，,have,用于其他所有人称。,现在完成时,I have,never,heard of that,before,.,Have you,ever,ridden a horse?,She has,already,finished the work.,Have you milked the cow,yet,?Yes,I have done that,already,.,Ive,just,lost my science book.,有时没有时间状语；多是一般疑问句。,现在完成时,I havent seen her,these days,.,She has learnt English,for 3 years,.,They have lived here,since 1990,.,What has happened to the USA,in the last 350 years,?,现在完成时,用法：,（,1,）现在完成时,表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,。通常与时间副词,just,，,already,before,yet,never,ever,等状语连用。,(2),现在完成时表示,过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态,。如：,for,和,since,，以及,so far,now,today,this week(month,year),等。,现在完成时,概念：表示过去的过去,1.By the end of last year,we,had built,five new houses.,2.I,had learnt,5000 words,before I entered,the university.,3.She,said,(that)she,had never been,to Paris.,4.By the time he was twelve,Edison,had began,to make a living by himself.,过去完成时,-|-|-|-,那时以前 那时 现在,其结构是：,had+,过去分词,一般过去时与现在完成时之比较,1.I,saw,this film yesterday.,（强调看的动作发生过了。）,I,have seen,this film.,（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）,2.She,has returned,from Paris.,（她已从巴黎回来了。）,She,returned,yesterday.,（她是昨天回来了。）,3.He,has been,in the League for three years.,(,在团内的状态可延续,),He,joined,the League three years ago.,(,三年前入团，,joined,为短暂行为。,),注意：,句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如,yesterday,last week,in 1960,）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：,（错）,Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.,（对）,Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.,被动语态,1.Many people speak English.,English,is spoken,by many people.,2.A forefinger made a speech.,The speech,was made,by a foreigner.,3.They will build a new school in that village soon.,A new school,will be built,in that village soon.,4.They have set up a lot of buildings in the last few years.,A lot of new buildings,have been set up,in the last few years.,5.He can repair the lock in three day.,The lock,can be repaired,in three days.,1.,表示感觉、变化或保持等意义的系动词,feel,look,smell,taste,sound,turn,prove,stay,，,get,等用主动形式表被动意义。,The water felt cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.,二、关于被动语态的几种特殊用法,疑难点拨,2.,由“,get+,过去分词”构成的被动语态,被动语态除由“,be+,过去分词”构成以外，也可由“,get+,过去分词”构成，表示：,（,1,）,给自己做事（,get dressed,）；,（,2,）,设法做到自己称心的事,(get elected),；,（,3,）,由于客观原因遇到不称心的事,(get burned),；,（,4,）,表示命令（,Get washed!,去洗吧！）。,二、关于被动语态的几种特殊用法,疑难点拨,典型例题,1)Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.,A.made,B.is making,C.was making,D.makes,答案,C.,割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，,when,表时间的同时性，,玛丽在做衣服时,提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。,2)As she _ the newspaper,Granny _ asleep.,A.read;was falling,B.was reading;fell,C.was reading;was falling,D.read;fell,答案,B.,句中的,as=when,while,，意为“当,之时”。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长时动作发生的时候，另一个短时动作发生。句意为,在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。,句中的,fell(fall,的过去时,),，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：,fall sick,。,1.Look!How wonderful my car is!Oh,Jack.What are you thinking about?Dont you like it?,Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time.I certainly think its smart.,A.wasnt making B.dont make,C.wont makeD.didnt make,2.To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years.,A.is changingB.has changed,C.will have changedD.will change,3.He _ quite well,but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer.,A.will swim B.have swumC.swam D.swims,4.Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up,but he _by now.,A.hasnt turned up B.doesnt turn up,C.wont turn up D.hadnt turned up,5.Im terribly sorry for being late,but I _ the wrong bus.,A.catch B.had caughtC.caughtD.catching,7.The truth,sir,is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.,A.was to walk B.had been walking,C.walked D.was walking,8.I really dont think Rose will be upset,but I will go and see her in case she _.,A.is B.does C.will beD.has been,9.The computers made by our company sell best,but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _.,A.were playingB.were to play,C.had played D.played,10.Kate is in hospital.,Oh,really?I _._ visit her.,A.didnt know;Ill go andB.dont know;Ill go and,C.dont know;Im going toD.didnt know;Im going to,11.Where _ the guidebook?I cant see it anywhere.,I _ it right here,but now its gone.,A.did you put;have putB.had you put;have put,C.have you put;putD.were you putting;put,14.Do you live in this city?,No,we _ it for holidays.,A.just visit B.just visited C.are just visiting D.have visited,15.How is the old man now?,Sorry,he _ though they did all they could to save him.,A.was deadB.had died C.has been dead D.died,16.The lake will be further polluted unless some measures _.,A.will be taken B.are takenC.were taken D.had been taken,17.Im afraid it will be two months _.,A.when I come back B.when Ill come back,C.before I come backD.before Ill come back,18.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in the office.,A.had worked,had left B.were working;had left,C.working;had leftD.had worked;left,21.The notice _“No smoking”.,A.is told B.readsC.tells D.is read,1.The old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital.,A.died B.would die C.had died D.has died,2.Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while,but soon _ to his old ways.,A.returned B.returns C.was returning D.had returned,3.I _ my son _ a doctor,but he wasnt good enough at science.,A.hoped;would become B.had hoped;would become,C.had hoped;will become D.hope;will become,4.I _ to take a good holiday this year,but I wasnt able to get away.,A.hope B.have hoped C.had hoped D.hoped,5.Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.,A.has left;comes B.left;had come,C.had left;came D.had left;would come,1.He stepped into the office,_ down and began to fill in the forms.,A.sitting B.to sit C.sat D.having it,2.She said she would telephone but we _from her so far.,A.havent heard B.didnt hear C.hadnt heard D.wont hear,3.When I got to the cinema,the film_for ten minutes.,A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was,4.Ill go with you as soon as I_my homework.,A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing D.finished,5.If it_tomorrow,I wont go to the cinema.,A.will rain B.rains C.is raining D.rained,6.She is going to be a nurse when she_up.,A.is going to grow B.grows C.growing D.grew,7.“,这本书我已经买了三个月了。”，下列哪一句不对？,A.I have had this book for three months.,B.I have bought this book for three months.,C.I bought this book three months ago.,D.It is three months since I bought this book.,8.Come in,Peter,I want to show you something.,Oh,how nice of you!I _ you _ to bring me a gift.,A.never think;are going B.never thought;were going,C.didnt think;were going D.hadt thought;were going,9.When I was at college I _ three foreign languages,but I _ all except for a few words of each.,A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten,C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten,10.The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _.,A.has broken into;has been stolen,B.had broken into;had been stolen,C.has been broken into;stolen,D.had been broken into;stolen,11.The volleyball match will be put off if it_.,A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is raining,12.Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.,A.made B.is making C.was making D.makes,13.The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office.,A.had written;left B.were writing;has left,C.had written;had left D.were writing;had left,14.Have you moved into the new house?,No yet,the rooms _,A.are being painted B.are painting,C.are painted D.are being painting,15.We havent heard from Jane for a long time.,What do you suppose _ to her?,A.was happening B.to happen,C.has happened D.having happened,16.Do you know our town at all?,No,this is the first time I _ here.,A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming,17.We could have walked to the station.It was so near.,Yes,A taxi _ at all necessary.,A.wasnt B.hadnt been C.wouldnt be D.wont be,18.If city noises _ from increasing,people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.,A.are not kept;will have to B.are not kept;have to,C.do not keep;will have to D.do not keep;have to,19.Tom _ into the house when no one _.,A.slipped;was looking B.had slipped;looked,C.slipped;had looked D.was slippping;looked,20.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields.,A.had seen;was picking B.saw;picking,C.had seen;picked D.saw;was picking,thank you for your listening,