高考英语词组正反超强背诵冲刺(完全修改版).doc

高考英语词组正反超强背诵冲刺一、 按大词（动词、名词）记忆look 的常用短语： look up in查找 look sb. up and down 上下打量 look back to/ upon回顾 look uponas把 看作 look forward to期待 look through浏览; 看穿 look around 环顾四周look into 调查 look over 检查 take a new look呈现新面貌fear的常用短语： in fear害怕地 (be) in fear of 害怕 for fear of/ that担心；生怕concentrate 的常用短语： concentrate on 专心 concentrate ones mind on 专心于 类似的短语： fix ones mind upon focus on put ones heart into focus ones mind onsurprise常用短语： in surprise惊讶地 to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是 be surprise at/to do/that对某事感到惊讶表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语 1表示动作的有： pull on put on dress sb 2. 表示状态的有： wear be in be dressed in have on常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词 like care for be keen on be fond of take delight in trouble的常用短语： have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在有/没有困难 take great trouble to do不辞辛劳做某事 put sb to the trouble of doing 为难某人做某事 make trouble捣乱 be in (great) trouble 惹麻烦；处在困境中 help sb. out of trouble 帮某人摆脱困境end的常用短语： come to an end结束 put an end to 结束 on end竖起, 连续 in the end终于; 最后 end up (by) doing以结束 make both ends meet收支相抵表示“导致”、“由引起”的短语： 1. 导致 cause sth. (to do) result in lead to 2. 由引起 be caused by result from grow out of lie in表“全力以赴”的短语： do / try ones best spare no efforts to do take great pains to do go all out to do do what somebody can (do) to do do all somebody can (do) to do direction常用短语： in (the ) direction of.朝方向 under the direction of .在的指导下 follow the directions照说明去做far常用短语： far from (being)离要求相差很远 far from +(a place)距离某地很远 far away遥远 so far 到目前为止; 那么远 as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知 by far (最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用distance常用短语： in the distance在远处 from/ at a distance从远处 keep sb. at a distance 于某人保持一定距离 It is no distance at all.不远use常用短语： used to do过去曾经、常做 be used to doing 习惯于 be used to do=be used for doing被用来做 make good/ full use of充分利用 come into use开始使用 it is no use doing 干没有用“出了什么事”的几种不同表达 Whats wrong with.? Whats the matter with? Whats the trouble with? What happened (to sb.) ?“众所周知”常用表达法： It is known to all that主语从句，that不能省 As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首 We all know (that)后接宾语从句 Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句 , which is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末表“同意某人意见”的常用短语： agree with sb. /what sb. said agree to sth. approve (of) sth. in favour of sth. be agreeable to sth. be for sth. “不同意” disagree with sb./ what sb. said object to sth. disapprove (of) sth. be against sth. sign的常用短语： sign ones name签名 sign to sb (not) to do sth. 示意某人(不)做某事 signs of 的迹象trap常用短语 be caught in a trap落入圈套 be led into a trap中圈套 set a trap to do sth.设圈套 be trapped in sth.被.所围困would rather 与 prefer 的区别1宁愿做而不做 would rather do A than do B prefer A to B prefer to do A rather than do B2. would rather 主语 + 过去式，表示“宁愿” eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today. should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语 + 过去式，表示“比较喜欢” eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone. OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.grow常用短语 in the grow of在.成长中 grow up长大; 成长 grow rich on靠. 变富 grow into长成 grow out of由.引起/滋生出make常用短语 be made up of =consist of 由组成 make up for弥补 be made from/ of由造成 make up编造;组成;化妆 be made into制成 make fun of取笑; 嘲弄 make a living 谋生supply, provide, offer 的区别： 1表示“向某人提供某物” supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb. supply sth. to sb. offer sb. sth. 2. 表示“主动提出做某事” offer to do sth. 3. 表示“倘使”、“假如” provided / providing that = on condition that=only if 4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.supply的常用短语 in short supply 缺乏，不足 medical/military supply医疗/军用品 supplies of许多reach 常用短语 reach an agreement达成协议 reach for伸手去拿/够 within / out of reach够得到/够不着 reach sbs understanding 使某人明白lack的常用短语 be lacking in sth. 在不足 make up for the lack of 弥补的不足 for/by/from/through lack of由于不足,缺乏 have no lack of不缺damage的常用短语 do damage/harm to 对有害 cause damage to 对造成损害 ask for damage要求赔偿die of 与die from 的区别 die of 表示“死于病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。 die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold die from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如： die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrustdie常用短语 die for ones country为国捐躯 die down熄灭、平息 die off绝种、枯死 die away消逝、静下来 die a heroic death英勇牺牲 threaten常用短语 threaten sb. with sth.用威胁某人 threaten to do威胁做 under the threat of在的威胁下 speed常用短语 speed up加速 at the speed of以.的速度 with great speed迅速aim常用短语 take aim at瞄准 reach an aim达到目的 aim at瞄准、针对permit与allow 的区别 表“允许做某事”“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。 permit/allow doing sth. permit/allow sb. to do sth. permit /allow of sth 一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”，多用permit Time/Weather permitting, Ill drop in on her. allow 还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如： 1. We allow him to be wronged. 2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays.means常用短语 by means of通过., 靠 by this means/ in this way用这种方法 by no means/in no case决不 by all means用一切办法keep常用短语 keep up with紧跟. keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做 keep sb. from doing sth.阻止.做 keep off the grass勿踏草地 keep to the point紧扣主题 keep in touch with与保持联系mark常用短语 make ones mark成功、出名 be marked with标明 gain/get full marks for 得满分seat常用短语 take ones seat坐下 have a seat请坐 see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人坐在. be seated就座, 坐着 seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在 部分 动词+ to + doing 的用法 look forward to get down to object to devote to pay attention to prefertogive常用短语 give up放弃 give in让步屈服 give off 散发出 give away赠送、泄漏 give rise to 引起 give out 疲劳、用完、散发出fit常用短语 be fit for适合 keep fit/keep healthy保持健康 be fit to do 适合于. fit in with适应 a nice fit合身的衣服 fit sb.某人穿. 合身feed常用短语 feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用喂养 be fed up of/ be tired of/ be bored with 对感到厌倦 feed on以为食pain 常用短语 take great pains to do 努力做某事 spare no pains to do 全力以赴做某事mercy常用短语 without mercy残忍地 have mercy on /upon 对表示怜悯 at the mercy of任凭摆布 beg for mercy 乞求饶恕exist常用短语 exist in/lie in/consist in存在于 in existence 现存的 come into existence/ come into being 形成opinion常用短语 in ones opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看来 have a high/ low opinion of 对评价高/低 give ones opinion on 对谈自己的看法persuade常用短语persuade sb. to do = persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做某事 try to persuade sb. to do 试图说服某人做某事 persuade sb. to sth. 说服某人同意某事engage 常用短语 be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚be engaged in sth. = be engaged doing sth. 忙于, 从事某事wide 与broad 的区别 它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的” a river 50 feet wide/ broad 指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用broad, 表示 “睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。 broad shoulders/ back with wide eyes open ones mouth wide wide 还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大地” be wide awake be wide opensure常用短语 be sure of/about 对由把握 be sure to do sth. 肯定会 make sure + that-clause 务必,一定要 make sure of 弄清楚experience 常用短语 have experience in 在有经验 be experienced in 在有经验stick 常用短语 stick to sth. 坚持 stick on 粘贴 be stuck in 陷进 stick no bills 请勿张贴spare 常用短语 spare money/time for 省出钱，腾出时间 in ones spare time 在某人业余时间 spare no efforts to do 不遗余力去做 dont spare the opinions 不要保留意见put down的不同含义 put down (ones knife and fork) 放下 put down the rebellion 镇压 put down （what sb. says） 记下，写下take up 的不同含义 take up a hobby 培养 take up football 开始 take up the work 继续 take uptime/space 消耗,占据 take up a post 就职 take up a song/ cry 跟着一起habit 常用短语form/get the habit of 养成习惯be in/have the habit of 有.习惯get into the habit of 沾染了恶习get rid of /grow out of the habit= break away from the habit 改掉了习惯二、小词（介词、副词）记忆l动词+aboutspeaktalk about 谈论 think about 思考care about 关心，对有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生set about 着手，开始 come about 发生hear about 听说 worry about 为担心2. 动词+downburn down 烧毁 break down 坏了，垮了，分解take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝cut down 削减，砍倒 slow down 慢下来pass down 传下来 put down 记下，写下，镇压calm down 平静下来 bring down 使降低，使倒下settle down 安家 come down 下落，传下tear down 拆毁，拆除3动词+backkeep back 隐瞒，忍住 look back(on) 回顾hold back 控制住 give back 归还call back 回电话 take back 拿回，收回4动词+forrun for 竞选 ask for 要求得到wait for 等候stand for 代表，表示long for 渴望 hope/wish for 希望得到care for 关心，喜欢 beg for 乞求search for 查找 look for 寻找call for 需要，要求 hunt for 寻找changefor 用换 chargefor 收费，要价apply for 申请 takefor 误以为是seek for 寻找 come for 来拿，来取5动词+awaythrow away 扔掉 blow away 吹走carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散die away 逐渐消失,减弱 pass away 去世wash away 冲走take away 拿走，使消失put away 收拾起来，存起来 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送wear away 磨掉，消耗 break away 摆脱send away 让走开 turn away 把打发走6动词+atcome at 向袭击 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷run at 冲向，向攻击 work at 干活动(研究)tear at 用力撕 look at 看，注视stare at 凝视 glare at 怒视glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑knock at 敲(门、窗等) point at 指向mile at 冲(某人)笑 strike at 向打击aim at 向瞄准 shoot at 向射击wonder at 惊讶 call at 拜访(地点)7动词+fromdiffer from 与不同 suffer from 受苦hear from 收到来信 die from 因而死keepstoppreventfrom不让做learn from 向学习 result from 由于 date from 始于时期 separatefrom 把分离开8动词+ofthink of 想到 dream of 梦到consist of 由组成 speak of 谈到approve of 赞成 die of 死于talk of 谈到 hear of 听说complain of 抱怨 become of 发生情况，怎么啦9动词+offstart off 出发 set off 出发leave off 中断 show off 炫耀get off 下车 take off 脱下，起飞see off 送行 ring off 挂断电话put off 延期，推迟 come off 脱落，褪色cut off 切断，断绝 fall off 跌落，掉下keep off 避开，勿走近 go off 走开；消失；坏了,爆炸，不喜欢knockoff 把撞落 break off 打断pay off 还清 carry off 携走带走，赢得get off 脱下(衣服等) give off 散发出turn(switch) off 关掉10动词+ondepend on 依靠 rely on 依靠insist on 坚持 carry on 继续，进行keepgo on 继续 spendon 在花钱put on 穿上，戴上，上演 call on 拜访move on 继续移动，往前走 live on 以为生feed on 以为生 bring on 使发展take on 雇用，呈现(新面貌等) try on 试穿have on 穿着 pass on 传授，传递look on 旁观 turn(switch) on 打开11动词+outbreak out 爆发 point out 指出pick out 选出 figure out 算出，理解burst out 进发 bring out 阐明，使表现出carry out 执行，进行 help out 救助hold out 坚持下去 set out 出发，着手，摆放wear out 穿破，使疲劳 turn out 结果是，生产，培养make out 理解，看清楚 come out 出版，出来cross out 划掉 leave out 省略，删掉keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住 work out 算出，想出办法等find out 查出，弄明白 give out 散发，分发，用完try out 试用，试验 look out 当心，提防put out 扑灭 speak out 大胆讲出hand out 散发 send out 发出，派遣run out 用完 go out 熄灭let out 泄漏，发出(声音)，出租 die out 灭绝12动词十ingive in 让步 hand in 上交bring in 引进，使得到收入 drop in 拜访result in 导致 succeed in 在获成功join in 参加 take in 接纳，吸收，改小get in 收获，进入 break in 强制进入，插话fill in 填写 call in 召集，来访cut in 插入 persist in 坚持look in 来访，参观13动词十intolook into 研究，调查 turn into 变成burst into 闯入，进发 divideinto 把分成changeinto 把变成 puttranslateinto 把译成run into碰到 send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态14动词+overturn over 翻倒，细想 think over 仔细考虑go over 审阅，检查，研究 look over 翻阅，检查get over 克服 run over 压死，看一遍take over 接管，接替 watch over 看守，照看fall over 跌倒，摔倒 roll over 翻滚15动词十tobelong to 属于 object to 反对refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅 point to 指向turn to 向求助，查阅 stickholdkeep to 坚持，忠于see to 处理，料理 come to 共计，苏醒reply to 答复 get to 到达bring to 使苏醒把比作 compareto 与相比;把比作agree to 同意 write to 写信给supplyto 为提供 lead to 导致，通向add to 增添 attend to 处理,专心，照料devoteto 贡献给16动词+upgrow up 成长，长大 give up 放弃，献出build up 建立 set up 架起、建立put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起 do up 整理，包装，打扮 go up 增长，上涨get up 起床，站起 pick up 拾起，学会，用车，来接，收听到bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出 出现 turn up 开大(音量等)，出席stay up 挺住，熬夜 take up 开始学，从事，占据sit up 熬夜 eat up 吃完use up 用完 tear up 撕碎lay up 储存 make up构成，组成 编造 弥补cut up 切碎 join up 联结起来，参军end up 总结 come up 上来，长出，出现speed up 加快速度 throw up 呕吐clear up 整理，收拾，放晴 look up 查找，找出bum up 烧毁 catch up 赶上hurry up 赶快 fix up 修理，安排，装置keep up 保持 hold up 耽搁，使停顿send up 发射 ring up 打电话open up 开创，开辟 divide up 分配 break up 分解17动词十throughget through 通过，干完，接通电话 look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看go through 审阅，检查，学习 putthrough 接通电话see through 识破 check through 核对pull through 渡过危机，康复18动词+withdeal with 处理，对付 do with 处理，需要meet with 遇到，遭受 talk with 同交谈agree with 同意，与一致 compare with 与相比combine with 与相联合 equipwith 以装备coverwith 用覆盖 begin with 以开始end upwith 以结束 supplywith 以供给providewith 以供给