初二英语复习资料寒假招生材料.docx

昊创教育--------承诺从这里开始

昊创教育 初二 年级 英语 学科期末复习资料
一、 课内识记部分
Chapter 1 Water
单词：
1. liquid液体
2. solid固体
3. gas气体
4. cover覆盖
5. freeze吓呆
6. waste浪费
7. sound听起来
8. obey服从
9. nod 点头
10. travel旅行
11. until…直到
12. owner主人
13. valuable有价值的
14. ordinary普通的
15. bath洗澡
16. pollute污染
17. customer客户
18. total总数
19. many/much许多

词组：
1、 clean up 打扫干净
2、 step-by-step循序渐进的
3、 pour into涌入…
4、 turn on/off打开/关闭
5、 pump into用…输入
6、 make a line graph
7、 a little/a few一些，一点儿
10. how many/ how much 多少
11. a few days/several days几天
12. look round=look around四处看
13. enough water足够的水
14. talk with sb.和…谁交谈
15. waste water浪费水
16. too many太多
17.make flow charts制作流程图

Chapter 2 School Newspaper
单词：
1. local 当地的
2. briefly简要地
3. free免费的
4. conclude结束
5. secretary秘书
6. march 齐步走，行进
7. praise表扬
8. deserve值得
9. shame遗憾的事
10. absent不在场的
11. match比赛
12. design设计
13. committee委员会
14. pleased高兴的
15. experience经验
16. publish=give out出版
17. term学期

词组：
1. decide to do sth.决定做某事
2. make a decision about sth.做…决定
3. chief editor主编
4. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
5. take charge of sth. 负责某事
6. be responsible for sth.=have duty for sth.负责某事
7. vote for sb. =elect sb. to be 投票选某人
8. ask for sth.要求，寻求
9. talk sth. over 商量
10. pay for sth. 付款
11. in one week’s time一周以后
12. hold a meeting 举行会议
13. consider doing sth.考虑做某事
14. be absent不在，缺席
15. in all=in total总共
16. take notes of sth.=write down写下
17. agree with sth. 同意某事
18. agree to do sth. 同意做某事
19. agree on sth. 就某事达成一致
20. no longer = not any longer不再
21. no more= not any more不再
22. ought to do/be 应该

Chapter 3 Detectives and Crimes
单词：
1. guilty有罪的
2. recent(recently)最近的
3. alone 独自
4. lock锁上
5. question质问
6. recognize v. 辨认出 (recognizable 可识别的)
7. own拥有
8. insurance保险
9. diamond钻石
10. separately分别地
11. crime犯罪行为
12. frightened受惊吓的

词组：
1. as well as 也，又
2. no longer不再
3. instead of (in place of) 代替
4. bump into 撞击
5. buy sth. for some money花…钱买某物
6. buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物
7. admit doing sth.承认做某事
8. deny doing sth否认做某事.
9. be guilty of犯…罪
10. a piece of 一件
11. be frightened受惊的

Chapter 4 Computer technology
单词：
1. distance 距离
2. speaker 扬声器
3. keyboard键盘
4. mouse鼠标
5. type打字，键入
6. control控制
7. hide隐藏
8. tiny极小的
9. realize觉察到
10. print打印
11. operate操作
12. railway铁路
13. judge法官，裁判员
14. raise提出
15. supply供应，提供
16. order订单
17. company公司
18. reference参考，参照
19. price价格
20. medium中等的
21. quantity数量
22. opinion意见
23. disagree不同意
24. hot辣的
25. smooth柔和的，悦耳的（反：rough 刺耳的）
26. speed速度
27. modern现代的

词组：
1. be unaware of 不知道
2. hardly ever几乎不
3. depend on（be dependent on）依赖于
4. for the time being暂时
5. in one’s opinion在某人看来
6. such as 比如
7. as…as possible尽可能…
8. pay attention to注意

Chapter 5 Historical stories
单词：
1. run 经营，管理
2. tale故事
3. rush 冲，迅速移动
4. cry叫，喊
5. main 主要的，重要的
6. wheel 轮，车轮
7. order 命令，要求
8. celebrate庆祝
9. joke 笑话
10. stupid 愚蠢的
11. square广场
12. army军队
13. enter进入
14. handsome好看的，英俊的
15. god上帝，神
16. golden金色的，金的
17. sail 旅行
18. arrow箭
19. paint绘画

词组：
1. succeed in 成功
2. except for除了
3. take turns轮流，依次
4. fairy tale童话
5. paint a picture画画

Chapter 6 Fish story
单词：
1. nest 窝，巢
2. widely 广泛的
3. lay 下（蛋），产（卵）
4. extremely非常，极其
5. creature生物
6. satisfied满意的
7. completely完全地
8. pleasure愉快，快乐
9. closely仔细地
10. excitedly激动地，兴奋地
11. value价值
12. tail尾巴
13. flat平坦的，平的
14. cap帽子
15. unusual不寻常的
16. apology道歉
17. awfully非常，极其
18. review评价，评论
19. rocket火箭
20. paints颜料
21. glue胶水
22. goldfish金鱼

词组：
1. in no time 立刻
2. sell out of卖完
3. leave for启程，出发
4. cross out删去，划去
5. on sale出售的，上市的
6. be satisfied with sth. 对…满意

Chapter 7 Traditional jobs
词组:
1. remove …from…将…从…移开
2. on the side of the river在河边
3. be good at=do well in擅长……
4. up to…直到……
5. set off出发
6. in the late afternoon黄昏时分
7. enable…to do 使……能够做
8. divide…between…把…在…之间进行分配
9. be interested in…对…感兴趣
10. no more=not…any longer不再
11. the rest of…其余的……
12. keep sb. warm使某人暖和
13. as soon as+句子（注：句子的时态不能用将来时）一…就
14. be famous for…=be well-known for…因……出名
15. be proud of…对…感到自豪
16. cool down冷却
17. be widely used被广泛应用
18. sb. be attracted by sth.被…吸引

二、 课外考点方法掌握
Chapter 1 Water
1． a little, much, no, too much, too little, not enough + 不可数名词
2． a few, many, no, too many, too few, not enough, many a + 可数名词
3． A lot of, lots of, some, no, not enough, a great deal of + 可数名词或不可数名词
4． A little = not much a few = not many
5． 经常在否定句中用" much", e.g. There is not much water.
6． 与There be 句型搭配： There are a lot of people in the swimming pool.
7． 用在特殊疑问句中：How much food is there? How many oranges are there?
8. " need"的用法， 两种词性：
A． 情态动词：need do sth./ needn't do sth.
B． 实意动词：need to do sth./ don't need to do sth./ need sb to do sth.
C． We need water for drinking (表示目的）
9. It be + （ very much, quite， rather， a little, ) 形容词 + for sb + to so sth. 对某人而言做某事比较···, e.g. It's very important for us to learn English well.
10. 由" If " 引导的状语从句：主句用将来时态，If从句用一般时态
A. 现在时态— We will be thirsty to death if there is no water.
B. 过去时态— We would have arrived at home if there was no traffic jam.
C. 将来时态— They will go to American if they get their passport and Visa.
11. 英语中分数词的表达法：
A. 用“基数词＋序数词”表示: 其中基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母, 分子除用one外，也可用a；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数形式。但是，1／2不能说a（one）second，而要说a（one）half。
E.g. one tenth, a tenth, two fifths, a half, three eighths, a quarter, three quarters, one fourth, three fourths,
B. 分数修饰名词时，若该名词是不可数名词只能用单数；若是可数名词，用单数或复数均可。但是，若它们在句子中作主语，则谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词，即与分数所修饰的名词保持一致。例如：
Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen．氧气只占空气的1／5。
About two thirds of the students attend the meeting．大约2／3的学生都参加了会议。
C. 用“基数词＋介词＋基数词”表示：借助介词表示分数，介词前的数词是分子，介词后的数词是分母，一般介词用" out of, of, in, to". 例如：．Ninety-nine people out of a hundred，if they were asked who first found America, would answer Clumbus．如果要问是谁首先发现美洲，一百个人中有九十九个（百分之九十九）将回答是哥伦布。
12. Until一词的用法：
A. 当谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定形式：You can wait here until help comes. (直到..才）
B. 当谓语动词时非延续性动词时，用否定形式：She didn't go to bed until her daughter came back. （直到她女儿回来了她才睡觉）
C. 是否用not要取决于动词时延续性还是非延续性的，即使动词用否定形式，在翻译成汉语的时候都要说成“直到...才...”。
D. " it was not until....that....", 强调句型。It was not until her daughter came back that she went to bed.
E. Not until放在句首，句子要倒装：Not until her daughter came back did she go to bed.

12. 常用短语：Believe it or not, flush the toilet, at least, pour into the sink, waste water, clean up, in the first place.

Chapter 2 School newspaper

1. " suggest"用法：建议，暗示，同义词" advise",
A. Suggest + doing sth. : She suggests going shopping at weekend.
B. Suggest + that ( should ) do sth. He suggested that school should hold a sports event.
2. Take charge of = be in charge of , 由...负责；be in the charge of ... 某物在某人的掌控之下
She takes charge of all books in the library.
She is in charge of all books in the library.
All books in the library is in the charge of her.

3. " ask"的用法： ask sb ( not ) to do sth. / ask for help, sth.../ ask ab about sth.
He asked me to fetch water
He asks me about the whether in England.
He asks for help.
4. " how often, 多久...'; How often do you take exercise ?
5. " agree "的用法：
A. agree with sb. 同义某人的观点，意见，想法，分析： In my opinion, we should not play computer games frequently. — Yes，I totally agree with you.
B. Agree to sth. 表示一方提出意见，观点，计划，另一方写作，We agree to their arrangement.
C. Agree on/ upon sth: 指双方通过协商而取得一致意见,We agree on the price.
D. Agree to do sth.= agree on doing sth. 同意某人做某事 They agree to conclude the meeting soon. (不能用 agree sb to do sth. )
6. In one week's time = one week later 表示在一星期之后，一般用于将来时。
7. " finish " 用法：finish doing sth./ finish sth 完成某事
8. " take part in " & " join in " & " join "的用法：
A. Take part in，常指参加某活动，聚会等：She took part in Helen's birthday party yesterday.
B. Join in, 常指参加某活动，聚会等: Would you like to join in the dancing with us ?
C. Join常指参加某团体，组织，军队等：Pupils are proud of joining Young Pioneer.

Should & ought to ：两者都“应该”，用法基本相同,区别在于：
（1） ought to比should 语气强, should 表示主观看法，一些建议，劝说时，译作“应当”。 ought to，直接接动词原形，更多反映客观情况，“有义务”或“必要”做某事，译为“应当，应该”
（2） （2）ought to的否定就表示做某事一定是错误的 而should的否定就表示某动作不一定要做。
A. I/You/He/She/We/They should + do sth = I/You/He/She/We/They ought to do sth
B. I/You/He/She/We/They should not + do sth = I/You/He/She/We/They ought not to do sth
C. I/You/He/She/We/They shouldn't do sth = I/You/He/She/We/They oughtn't to do sth
E.g She ought to take care of her sister. = She should take care of her sister.
You oughtn't to be late for school. You shouldn't be late for school.

1. 感叹句形式：
1. What a/an + 形容词 + 名词+ 主语+ 谓语
2. How + 形容词、副词 + 主语 + 谓语
E.g. What a beautiful girl she is! = How beautiful girl she is!
What an exciting new it is ! = How exciting the new is !
How quickly he ran !
11. Hundreds of , thousands of, millions of, billions of... 成百上千，成千上万，成万上亿...

12. 常用短语：hold a meeting, elect the chief editor, vote for (为..投票），take charge of =be in charge of , ask for, take notes （of ), be responsible for, take over, be free to readers, pay for sth., agree to do sth. Conclude the meeting， bring the meeting to the end, give out newspaper（出版），common sense, put a mark on, write down, at the New Year's Party, in all (总共），march around the street, take part in, at the end (of ), in the end, take place, be on fire（着火），be born in（出身于），science fiction film, adventure film, what a shame, congratulations! Well done, you deserve to win. Long time no see. I'm sorry but..., find out.

Chapter 3 Detectives and Crimes
1. The + adj.：表示一类人，the old 老人， the young 年轻人， the guilty 有罪之人，当这类词做主语时，谓语动词要用三人称单数形式：e.g. The old always needs to be taken care of.
2. " protect"用法：protect sb from doing sth, 保护某人....不受影响, 相当于" prevent from".阻止某人受...影响。
The government tried best to protect local villagers from being threatened by the flood.
The government tried best to prevent local villagers from being threatened by the flood.
3. "deny"用法：deny doing sth. E.g. He denied stealing Li's bag.
4. " admit"用法：admit doing sth. 承认做某事。She admitted taking away her roommate's camera.
5. 非谓语动词（infinitives）：to do & doing两种形式
A. refuse, offer , decide, fail, pretend, agree, promise + to do sth.(只能加不定式）
B. 区别remember to do sth. / doing sth. , Stop to do sth./ stop doing sth., forget to do sth./ forget doing sth., like to do/ like doing, try to do sth/ try doing sth, go on to do sth/ go on doing sth, mean to do sth./ mean doing sth.
C. Enjoy, practice, finish, admit, suggest,avoid, deny, forgive, + doing sth.（只能加动名词）
D. Begin/start/learn + to do sth = doing sth. 加动名词和不定式意思相近。
6. "On + 具体时间", He went to hospital on May 8th, 2011.
7. " knock at one's door " 敲某人的人···
8. 常用短语：protect the innocent, as well as, find the guilty, alone, lock sth in the safe, report the theft, look for clues, the same as, no longer, not at all, break into one's house (破门而入），go to jail/ go to prison, behind bar (在监狱中），fake money (假钱），in the case of..., instead of, short of sth. (缺少东西），play games with sb., share information, bump into.

Chapter 4 Computer Technology

1. 形容词的比较级与最高级：
形容词有三种等级：原级、比较级、最高级。
A. 原级：句中只有一者时用原级，其标志词是very, so, too, quite，rather等修饰。
e.g. His handwriting is very good.他的书法很好。 （一个人不作比较。）
B. 比较级和最高级构成：
1）单音节或少数双音节词一般在原级后加er 构成比较级，加est构成最高级。
e.g. small —smaller —smallest
young —younger —youngest
2）以不发音的字母e 结尾的形容词，直接加r 或st 构成比较级和最高级。
e.g. Nice— nicer— nicest
late —later —latest
3）以辅音字母+y 结尾的形容词，变y为i ，再加er 或est, 构成比较级和最高级。
e.g. Busy — busier — busiest
heavy — heavier — heaviest
4）在重读闭音节中，末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，要先双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est， 构成比较级和最高级。
e.g. hot —hotter— hottest
big —bigger— biggest
A． 多音节词前加“more”构成比较级，加“most”构成最高级，形容词的最高级前要加the, 副词的最高级前面可省略the。
B． 有些词语没有最高级，因为它本身就是最高级，例如：favorate/ favourate.
7）个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化，需个别记忆。
e.g. good (well)— better — best
bad (badly, ill)— worse —worst
many(much) —more— most
Little— less —least
Far— father ——farthest 或 further — furthest

C. 形容词各级用法归纳:

1) 原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as…
We’ll give you as much help as we can.
She isn’t as(so) active in sports as before.
2) 比较级：表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰：
He made fewer mistakes than I did.
He is even richer than I.
3) 最高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……， in……短语表示范围：
It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.
He is the tallest of the three.
4）如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：
John is the clever of the two boys.
Of the two boys, John is the clever.
5） 表示是最··中的一个用“ one of the most.../形容词的最高级”句型。
Yangtz river is one of the longest river all over the world.
18. 表示“第几...”用 “ the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词单数”：
The Yellow river is the second longest river in the world.
19. " the more..., the better " 句型：越...越...
The more exercise you have taken, the healthier you will be.
20. 比较级+ and + 比较级，表示“越来越...”，
Drinking water will make you look more and more beautiful.

1. " prefer" 的用法：
A． 后接不定式时与rather than 或instead of连用：
He preferred to die rather than (to) steal. / He perferred to die instead of stealing. 他宁死也不去偷窃。
2）注意介词搭配，如： I prefer swimming to skating. (I like swimming better than skating.)我喜欢游泳胜过滑冰。prefer 因其本身含有比较之意，而不可再与more 或most连用。
3）prefer＋名词或动名词“宁愿”，“更喜欢”：
He comes from Shanghai, so he prefers rice. 他是上海人，因此更喜欢吃米饭。
I prefer going by bike.我宁愿骑单车去。
I prefer the white one.我喜欢那个白的。
4）prefer to do “愿意做”。
I prefer to go at once.我愿意马上就走。
5）prefer sb. to do “愿意某人做”
I prefer you to go out at once.我倒希望你马上就走。
6）prefer sth to sth./ prefer doing sth. to doing sth.“宁愿做...而不做...”.
I prefer tea to milk.我宁愿喝茶也不喝牛奶。I prefer watching TV to going out. 我宁愿看电视也不出去。
7) prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做...而不做...” ,但是不能说prefer sth rather than sth
I prefer to watch TV rather than go out.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去。
7、 prefer＋ that从句“宁愿”（从句一般用虚拟语气）
I prefer that you should do it.我宁愿你做这件事。

3. In the 1960s, 意为“在20世纪60年代”
4. "way"的用法：
一． " the way to do sth." 表示做某事的方法：
There are many ways to learn a foreign language well.
2) " the way of doing sth." 表示做某事的方法：
There are many ways of learning a foreign language well.
3) " on one's way to +地名", 在某人去某地的路上;也可以引申为“在某人做某事，成为。。。的路上”
She was on her way to school when I came across her this afternoon.
He has been on his way to a scientist with his diligence and study.
4) " the way "引导定语从句时，一般用“ that, in which,或者省略"
I really appreciate the way that you teach me to swim.
= I really appreciate the way in which you teach me to swim.
= I really appreciate you teach me to swim.

1. 常用短语：
be unaware of sth, dependent on sth, the answer to the question, for the time being (暂时），have understanding of sth, be good at doing sth, raise questions ( 引发问题）, in one's opinion, in reply to the question at the end, link sth together, all over the world, a wide range of, come into existence. Hardly ever ( 难得，几乎不），

Chapter