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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢,汉字,英文,地理学,统一地理学,普通地理学,系统地理学,区域地理学,理论地理学,应用地理学,元地理学,地文学,地质学,古地理学,地理学体系,地理环境,geography,unified geography,general geography,systematic geography,regional geography,theoretical geography,applied geography,metageography,physiography,chorography,paleogeogpraphy,geographical system,geographical environment,01 地 理 学 总 论,第1页,汉字,英文,地理因子,地理过程,地理分布,地理界限,地理综合,地理考查,综合考查,区域分析,区域分异,生存空间,生存承载能力,环境决定论,灾变论,地球,地球表面,geographical factors,geographical process,geographical distribution,geographical boundary,geographical synthesis,geographical survey,integrated survey,regional analysis,regional differentiation,living space,life-carrying capacity,environmental determinism,catastrophe theory,earth,earth surface,第2页,汉字,英文,地球表层,地理系统,地理圈,景观圈,岩石圈,水圈,大气圈,土壤圈,生物圈,地圈,智能圈,技术圈,北半球,南半球,地球体,epigeosphere,geosystem,geographical sphere,landscape sphere,lithosphere,hydrosphere,atmosphere,pedosphere,biosphere,geosphere,noonsphere,technosphere,northern 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belt,subnival belt,alpine,subalpine,mountains,第7页,汉字,英文,荒漠,荒漠化,沙漠,岩漠,砾漠,泥漠,盐漠,戈壁,绿洲,景观学,景观,相,自然景观,土地,desert,desertification,sandy desert,rocky desert,gravel desert,argillaceous desert,salt desert,gobi,oasis,landscape science,landscape,facies,natural landscape,land,第8页,汉字,英文,土地系统,土地分类,土地类型,土地单元,土地要素,土地刻面,刻面联合体,土地属性,生态地理学,地生态学,景观生态学,生态系统,生态平衡,生态区域,生态小区,land system,land classification,land type,land unit,land element,land facet,facet combination,terrain characteristics,ecogeography,geoecology,landscape ecology,ecosystem,ecological balance,ecoregion,ecodistict,第9页,汉字,英文,生态地段,生态区,生态点,自然资源,可再生资源,非可再生资源,灾害地理学,自然灾害,ecosection,ecotope,ecosite,natural resources,renewable resources,nonrenewable resources,hazard geography,natural hazard,第10页,汉字,英文,地貌学,地貌,地貌年代学,地貌成因,地貌形成作用,气候地貌学,动力地貌学,地貌量计学,人工地貌,平原,低地,高地,丘陵,geomorphology,landform,geomorphochronology,geomorphogenesis,landform genesis,landform forming process,climatic geomorphology,dynamic geomorphology,geomorphometry,anthropogenic landforms,plain,lowland,highland,hill,03 地 貌 学,第11页,汉字,英文,山,山脉,岭,峰,山麓,半岛,岛屿,群岛,海峡,地峡,海拔（高度）,相对高度,山嘴,盆地,山间盆地,mountain,mountain range,mountain chain,range,ridge,peak,mount,piedmont,peninsula,island,archipelago,strait,isthmus,altitude,height above sea level,relative height,mountain spur,basin,intermountain basin,第12页,汉字,英文,山间盆地,山峰,崖,山麓平原,高原,峡谷,谷,沟谷,冲沟,山形,山志,阶地,台地,洼地,坡地,intermountain basin,mountain peak,cliff,scarp,piedmont plain,plateau,gorge,canyon,valley,ravine,gully,mountain forms,orography,terrace,tableland,platform,depression,slope,第13页,汉字,英文,坡度,基岩,地貌过程,侵蚀作用,雨滴侵蚀,剥蚀作用,刻蚀,溶蚀,冲刷,片蚀,溯源侵蚀,下切侵蚀,侧向侵,slope,gradient,bedrock,geomorphological process,erosion,raindrop erosion,denudation,corrasion,corrosion,wash,erosion,sheet erosion,headward erosion,downcutting,incision,vertical erosion,lateral erosion,第14页,汉字,英文,掏蚀,侵蚀基准面,总侵蚀基准面,局部侵蚀基准面,裂点,沉积作用,堆积作用,堆积物,加积作用,沉积相,地貌世代,地貌序列,地形基面,地貌组合,正地貌,undercutting,base level of erosion,general base level,local base level,knick point,sedimentation,deposition,deposition,accumulation,deposit,aggradation,sedimentary facies,generation of landforms,landforms series,base level,landform assemblage,positive landform,第15页,汉字,英文,负地貌,正常地貌,倒置地貌,地貌倒置,刻蚀地貌,夷平作用,夷平面,准平面,剥蚀面,山麓侵蚀面,山麓侵蚀平面,山顶面,侵蚀循环,回春作用,negative landform,normal landform,inverted landform,inversion of landform,erosional landform,planation surface,peneplain,denudation suface,erosion surface,pediment,pediplain,summit plane,erosion cycle,rejuvenation,第16页,汉字,英文,相关沉积,地壳均衡,新结构运动,结构地貌学,丹霞地貌,结构高原,结构阶地,单面山,方山,猪背脊,线形现象,断层崖,断层线崖,断层三角面,correlated sediments,isostasy,neotectonic movement,structural geomorphology,tectonic geomorphology,“Danxia”landform,structural plateau,structural terrace,cuesta(西）,mesa,hogback ridge,lineament,fault scarp,fault-line scarp,triangular facet,第17页,汉字,英文,断层谷,断块山,火山,火山作用,风化作用,物理风化作用,化学风化作用,生物风化作用,机械风化作用,差异风化作用,风化层,残积土,残积物,残积层,风化壳,triangular facet,fault valley,block mountain,volcano,weathering,physical weathering,chemical weathering,biological weathering,mechanical weathering,differential weathering,regolith,residual soil,eluvium,eluvium,weathered crust,第18页,汉字,英文,正残积风化壳,碎屑型风化壳,硅铝粘土型风化壳,硅铝碳酸盐型风化壳,硅铝氧化物硫酸盐风化壳,硅铝铁质和富铝型风化壳,剥落,页状剥落,块状崩落,结壳作用,块状崩落,结壳作用,盐屑堆,盐屑锥,orthoeluvial weathered crust,clastic weathered crust,siallite-clay weathered crust,siallite-carbonate weathered crust,siallite-chloride-sulphate wea-thered crust,siallite-ferrite and allite wea-thered crust,exfoliation,desquamation,exfoliation,crumbling,incrustation,crumbling,incrustation,talus,talus cone,第19页,汉字,英文,山麓堆积,坡积物,坡水堆积物,土体蠕动,滑塌,滑坡,泥石流,泥流,岩崩,流水地貌学,流水地貌,冲积物,冲积层,冲积锥,冲积扇,talus,slope deposit,deluvium,soil creep,collapse,landslide,landslip,debris flow,mudflow,rock fall,fluvial geomorphology,fluvial landform,alluvium，alluvial deposit,alluvium,alluvial cone,alluvial fan,第20页,汉字,英文,洪积物,洪积层,洪积扇,河床,河漫滩,汇水区,流域,分水岭,辫状河,曲流,天然堤,滨河床沙坝,凸岸坝,牛轭湖,离堆山,proluvium，proluvial deposit,proluvium,proluvial fan,river bed,floodplain,catchment area,drainage area，basin,waterdivide，divide，watershed,braided stream,meander,natural levee,channel bar，sand bar,point bar,ox-bow lake,meander core，meander spur,第21页,汉字,英文,河流阶地,河流袭夺,河流错位,河流偏移,风口,纵谷,横谷,风蚀,吹蚀,沙丘,新月形沙丘,流动沙丘,固定沙丘,半固定沙丘,纵向沙丘,river terrace,river capture,river offset,river deflection,wind gap,longitudinal valley,transverse valley,wind erosion,deflation,sand dune,crescent dune,mobile dune，wandering dune,fixed dune,semifixied dune,longitudinal dune,第22页,汉字,英文,横向沙丘,抛物线沙丘,蜂窝状沙丘,沙垅,风棱石,风蚀脊,沙暴,风蚀坑,风蚀洼地,干盐湖,基岩扇,岛山,漠漆,岩漆,漠盖层,transverse dune,parabolic dune,honeycomb dunes,sand ridge,wind-faceted stones，ventifact,yardang,sandstorm,blowout pit,deflation hollow,playa,rock fan,inselberg,desert varnish,rock varnish,desert pavement,第23页,汉字,英文,黄土,黄土地貌,黄土塬,黄土梁,黄土峁,劣地,咯斯特,咯斯特地貌学,咯斯特地貌,咯斯特化,溶斗,溶蚀谷,溶蚀盆,落水洞,溶沟,loess,loess landform,“yuan”，loess tableland,“liang”，loess ridge,“mao”，loess hill,badland,karst,karst geomorphology,karst landform,karstification,doline,polje,uvala,sinkhole,karren,第24页,汉字,英文,干谷,竖井,潜蚀作用,洞穴堆积,咯斯特平原,峰林,石林,洞穴学,假咯斯特,类咯斯特,泉华沉积,石灰华,海岸,滨,海岸地貌学,dry valley,shaft,underground erosion,cave deposit,karst plain,peak forest,stone pinacles,speleology,pseudokarst,parakarst,sinter deposition,tufa,sea coast,shore,coastal geomorphology,第25页,汉字,英文,海蚀作用,海蚀龛,海蚀洞,海蚀台,海蚀崖,海蚀柱,岬角,岩滩,潮滩,潮汐通道,潮沟,舄湖,三角洲,河口湾,海滩,marine erosion,wave-cut notch,sea cave,abrasion platform,sea cliff,sea stack,cape,bench,tidal flat,tidal channel，tidal inlet,tidal creek,lagoon,delta,estuary,coastal beach,第26页,汉字,英文,滩脊,滩脊型潮滩,滩脊型潮滩平原,沙嘴,障壁坝,滨外坝,尖形滩,尖形坝,连岛坝,陆连岛,沿滨泥沙流,海岸阶地,全球性海面升降,珊瑚礁,岸礁,beach ridge,chenier,chenier plain,sand spit,barrier,off-shore bar,cuspate foreland,tuspate bar,tombolo,tombolo island,longshore drift,coastal terrace，marine terrace,eustatic movement,coral reef,fringing reef,第27页,汉字,英文,堡礁,环礁,大陆架,大陆坡,洋盆,海隆,海岭,平顶海山,海沟,海渊,barrier reef,atoll,continental shelf,continental slope,oceanic basin,rise,oceanic ridge,guyot,trench,abyssal deep,第28页,汉字,英文,气候学,气候,气候资源,太阳辐射,反照射,积温,无霜期,降水,蒸发,干燥度,热水平衡,风向,风速,气候灾害,climatology,climate,climate resources,solar radiation,albedo,accumulated temperature,frost-free period,precipitation,evaporation,aridity,heat-water balance,wind direction,wind speed,climate damage，climatic hazard,04 气 候 学,第29页,汉字,英文,旱灾,水灾,风灾,雹灾,湿害,热害,冻害,冷害,气候分类,气候区划,气候带,气候区,气候型,赤道带,热带,drought damage,flood damage,wind damage,hail damage,wet damage,heat damage,freezing damage,cold damage,climatic classification,climatic regionalization,climatic zone,climatic region,climatic type,equatorial zone,tropical zone,第30页,汉字,英文,亚热带,温带,寒带,湿润气候,干燥气候,热带雨林气候,萨瓦纳气候,森林气候,草原气候,荒漠气候,苔原气候,极地气候,高原气候,山地气候,大陆度,subtropical zone,temperate zone,cold zone,humid climate,arid climate,tropical rainforest climate,savanna climate,forest climate,steppe climate,desert climate,tundra climate,polar climate,plateau climate,mountain climate,continentality,第31页,汉字,英文,大陆性气候,海洋性气候,地中海气候,地形气候学,区域气候,地方气候,小气候,气候系统,行星风系,信风,季风,梅雨,台风,寒潮,海陆风,continental climate,maritime climate,Mediterranean climate,topoclimatology,regional climate,local climate,microclimate,climatic system,planetary wind system,trade wind，trades,monsoon,Meiyu,，plum rain,typhoon,cold wave,sea-land breeze,第32页,汉字,英文,山谷风,干热风,焚风,雨影,气候变迁,古气候,历史气候,年轮气候学,物候学,自然历,城市气候,城市热岛,气候志,mountain-valley breeze,dry-hot wind,foehn,rain shadow,climatic change,palaeoclimate,historical climate,dendroclimatology,phenology,natural calendar,urban climate,urban heat island,climatography,第33页,汉字,英文,水文地理学,水文学,水体,水团,河流学,水利学,水利经济学,水化学,森林水文学,城市水文学,水文物理学,古水文学,土壤水文学,hydrogeography,hydrology,water body,water mass,potamology,hydraulics,hydroeconomics,hydrochemistry,forest hydrology,urban hydrology,hydrophysics,palaeohydrology,pedohydrology,05 水 文 地 理 学,第34页,汉字,英文,水文情势,水文过程,水文测验,流域形态,流域分水线,河道坡降,河道等级,闭合盆地,河网密度,总蒸发,水平衡,陆面蒸发,水面蒸发,分岔系数,河源,hydrological regime,hydrological process,hydrometry,watershed morphology,basin divide,channel gradient,channel order,closed basin,drainage density,evapotranspiration,water budget，water balance,land evaporation,water surface evaporation,fork factor,headwaters,第35页,汉字,英文,水道网,支流,过程线,流量过程线分割,瀑布,水平降水,水循环,水量交换,径流,径流系数,年正常径流量,基流,河床变形,河流补给,暴发洪水,hydrographic net,tributary,hydrograph,separation of hydrograph,waterfall,horizontal precipitation,water cycle,water exchange,runoff,runoff coefficient,annual normal runoff,base flow,river bed deformation,river feeding,flash flood,第36页,汉字,英文,洪水,流水过程,层间流,壤中流,河流数目定律,叠加定律,流量,坡面流,洪峰流量,产流,汇流,产沙率,退水曲线,径流模数,产水量,flood,fluvial processes,interaquifer flow,interflow,law of stream numbers,law of superposition,discharge,overland flow,peak discharge,runoff generation,flow concentration,rate of sediment production,recession curve,runoff modulus,water yield,第37页,汉字,英文,悬移质,泥沙运动,产沙量,水位,洪水位,警戒水位,水土流失,水土保持,涝,暴雨径流,输沙能力,径流变率,地下水文学,承压地下水,水力传导度,suspended load,sediment movement,sediment yield,water stage,flood level,warning stage,water and soil loss,water and soil conservation,waterlogging,storm flow,transportability of sediments,variability of runoff,groundwater hydrology,confined groundwater,hydraulic conductivity,第38页,汉字,英文,入渗,土壤水,含水层,自流水盆地,深层地下水,裂隙水,地下水位,矿泉,地下河,饱和带,湖沼学,湖泊水文学,湖流,水质,湖泊富营养化,infiltration,soil water,aquifer,artesian basin,deep phreatic water,fissured water,water table,mineral spring,underground river,saturation zone,limnology,lake hydrology,lake current,water quality,lake eutrophication,第39页,汉字,英文,人工湖,盐湖,咸水湖,淡水湖,结构湖,层结湖,季节性湖泊,火山湖,高山湖,游移湖,热湖,微咸湖,干涸湖,完全混和湖,湖盆,man-made lake,salt lake,salt-water lake,fresh water lake,tectonic lake，structural lake,stratified lake,seasonal lake,volcanic lake,alpine lake,wandering lake,warm lake,brackish-water lake,extinct lake,holomixed lake,lake circulation,第40页,汉字,英文,湖水环流,湖泊蓄水量,冰川补给,积雪水文学,融雪水文学,融雪径流,有潮河口,无潮海,波浪侵蚀,地下水库,水资源,供水,水能,lake circulation,lake storage,alimentation of glacier,alimentation of glacier,snow hydrology,snow runoff,tidal estuary,tideless sea,wave erosion,groundwater reservoir,water resources,Water supply,hydropower,第41页,汉字,英文,生物地理学,生物分布学,生物分布,分布区,分布区中心,分布区间断,分布区型,扩散中心,残遗种区,种群,生物群,生物地理群落,生境,biogeography,chorology,biochores,areal,areak center,areal disjunction,areal type,dispersal center,refugium,population,biota,biogeocoenosis,habitat,06 生 物 地 理 学,第42页,汉字,英文,小生境,群落生境,植物地理学,植物区系,生活型,生活型谱,水生植物,湿生植物,中生植物,旱生植物,指示植物,指示群落,植被,植物群落,群丛,niche，microhabitat,biotope,phytogeography,flora,life form,life form spectrum,hydrophyte,hygrophyte,mesophyte,xerophyte,indicator plant,indicator community,vegetation,plant community,association,第43页,汉字,英文,群系,植被型,顶级群落,演替,针叶林,泰加林,落叶林,常绿阔叶林,硬叶林,照叶林,季风雨林,雨林,红树林,苔原,森林草原,formation,vegetation type,climax,succession,coniferous forest,taiga,deciduous forest,evergreen broad-leaved forest,sclerophyllous forest,laurel forest,monsoon forest,rainforest,mangrove,tundra,forest steppe,第44页,汉字,英文,草原,高草草原,萨瓦纳,普那高原,草甸,高山矮曲林,森林上限,树线,动物地理学,动物区系,地理阻障,动物传布,华莱士线,动物群落,泛北极,steppe,prairie,savanna,puna,meadow,alpine krummholz,upper forest limit,timberline,zoogeography,fauna,geographical barriers,synzoochory,wallaces line,animal community,Holarctic,第45页,汉字,英文,古北界,新北界,旧热带界,新热带界,东洋界,澳洲界,Palaearctic,Neoarctic,Palaeotropic,Neotropic,Oriental,Australasian,第46页,汉字,英文,土壤地理学,土被,土链,土壤组合,土壤复区,土壤气候,土壤资源,土壤退化,土壤侵蚀,古土壤,森林土壤,草原土壤,荒漠土壤,pedogeography,soil mantle,soil catena,soil association,soil complex,soil climate,soil resources,soil degradation,soil erosion,paleosoil,forest soil,desert soil,desert soil,07 土 壤 地 理 学,第47页,汉字,英文,高山土壤,幼年土壤,成熟土壤,顶级土壤,灰化土,棕壤,褐土,黄壤,红壤,砖红壤,黑钙土,栗钙土,棕钙土,灰漠土,棕漠土,high mountain soil,young soil,mature soil,climax soil,podzolic soil,brown earth,cinnamon soil,yellow earth,red earth,laterite,chernozem,chestnut soil,brown soil,gray desert soil,brown desert soil,第48页,汉字,英文,盐土,碱土,solonchak,solonertz,汉字,英文,化学地理学,景观地球化学,地球化学景观,自成景观,隶属景观,残积景观,水上景观,水下景观,chemical geography,landscape geochemistry,geochemical landscape,autonomic landscape,auxiliary landscape,eluvial landscape,superaqual landscape,subaqual landscape,08 化 学 地 理 学,第49页,汉字,英文,水成景观,单元景观,生源景观,非生源景观,大气迁移,水迁移,生物迁移,机械迁移,化学迁移,标型元素,标型化合物,标型离子,化学剥蚀,aqueous landscape，aqual landscape,elementary landscape,biogenic landscape,abiogenic landscape,aerial migration,aqueous migration,biological migration,mechanical migration,chemical migration，physico-chemical migration,typomorphic element,typomorphic compound,typomorphic ion,chemical denudation,第50页,汉字,英文,医学地理学,地方病,自然疫源地,高山病,克山病,大骨节病,medical geography,endemic disease,natural epidemic focus,mountain sickness,Keshan disease,Kaschin-Beck disease,09 医 学 地 理 学,第51页,汉字,英文,环境地理学,环境地球化学,自然环境,社会环境,区域环境,海洋环境,环境系统,环境结构,环境要素,环境演化,环境背景值,环境异常,环境自净,environmental geography,environmental geochemistry,natural environment,social environment,regional environment,marine environment,environmental system,environmental structure,environmental element,environmental evolution,environmental background value,environmental abnormality,environmental self-purification,10 环 境 地 理 学,第52页,汉字,英文,环境容量,景观损害,环境退化,环境效应,环境污染,大气污染,水污染,土壤污染,海洋污染,环境经济,环境管理,环境标准,environmental capacity,landscape damage,environmental degradation,environmental effect,environmental pollution,atmospheric pollution,water pollution,soil pollution,marine pollution,environmental economy,environmental management,environmental standard,第53页,汉字,英文,环境质量,环境质量参数,环境质量指数,环境质量评价,环境影响评价,环境质量综合评价,环境保护,环境规划,
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