答案全-高二上学期寒假作业.doc

高二上学期英语寒假作业Task 1
高二上学期英语寒假作业
姓名：__________________
Refer to English-English dictionary and write down the English explanation(s) of the following words or phrases.
abolish vt. to officially get rid of a law, system, practice etc
advantage n. something that makes one person or thing more likely to succeed than others; benefit
analyse vt. to examine something to understand or explain it
analyst n. one whose job is to examine a situation event etc to provide others with information
application n. a formal request for permission to do or have something
apply vt. to make a formal request for permission to do or have something
attempt v. to make an effort or try to do something
n. an effort or a try to do something
available adj. able to be attained, taken or used
background n. the type of family, social position, or culture that someone comes from
celebrate v. to do something enjoyable in order to show that an occasion or event is special
combine v. to bring or put something together
compare v. 1) to consider how people are different and how they are similar
2) to say that one thing or person is similar to another
condition n. the physical state of something
confiscate vt. to officially remove someone’s possessions for legal reasons or as a punishment
confusing adj. difficult to understand
contract n. a written legal agreement between two people or businesses that says what each must do for the other or give to the other
crawl vi. to move slowly on the hands and knees along the ground
create vt. to make something new or original that did not exist before
criticize vt. to say what you think is wrong or bad about something
curious adj. wanting to know about something; inquisitive
declare v. to make known formally or officially
demand n. a firm statement that you want something
v. to say in a very firm way that you want something
determined adj. not willing to let anything prevent you from doing what you have decided to do
disturb vt. to interrupt and stop them from continuing what they were doing; to upset and worry someone a lot
double vi. to make twice as big, much or as many
earn vt. to receive money from work you do
elegant adj. graceful and attractive
encounter n. a meeting, especially one that is unplanned, unexpected
v. to meet, especially unexpectedly
endanger vt. to expose to harm or danger
establish vt. to set up; found
exception n. someone or something that is different from other people or things and so can’t be included in a group
extend vt. to continue fro a particular distance or in a particular direction; to increase the size or length of something
extinct adj. no longer existing or living
force vt. to make somebody do something that they do not want to do, especially by threatening them
P1
freedom n. the right to do what you want, make your own decisions and express your own opinions
freeze vi. to become ice from cold
fright n. sudden, intense fear, scare
guarantee vt. to make it certain that something will certainly happen or be done
habitat n. the natural home of a plant or animal
ideal adj. of the best or suitable type; as good as you can imagine
import vt. to bring or carry in from a foreign country for trade or sale.
intellectual adj. relating to the ability to think in an intelligent way to understand things; well educated and interested in art, science, literature etc at an advanced level
involve vt. to contain as a part; include
lay vt. 1) to put something or someone down in a careful way
2) to produces the egg by pushing it from its body
3) to prepare a table for a meal by putting forks, knives, spoons, dishes etc on it
linguist n. someone who studies and speaks a lot of languages; someone who teaches or studies linguistics
lie vi. to be in a position in which your body is flat on a surface; to deliberately say something that is not true
make a difference: to have an effect on
make up 1）to invent an explanation for something to avoid being punished or embarrassed
2）to invent a story, poem etc
3）to put powder, lipstick, etc. on sb.’s face to make it more attractive
memory n. something that you remember
mission n. an aim that is very important to a person or organization
monitor vt. to regularly check something or watch somebody to find out what is happening
murderer n. a person who has killed sb. deliberately or illegally
offer vi. to let someone know that you will give them something if they want it; to provide something
omit vt. to fail to include someone or something
origin n. the place or moment where something begins to exist
outline n. an explanation that includes the general points about something, but not the details
panic vt. to have a sudden, strong feeling of fear or worry that makes you unable to think clearly or calmly
n. a sudden, strong feeling of fear or worry that makes you unable to think clearly or calmly
parade n. a public celebration in which a large group of people move throug an area
perform vi. to complete an action or activity ; to play a role or show a skill before an audience
permanent adj. Happening or existing for a long time or for all time in the future
poacher n. one who illegally catches or kills animals, birds, or fish on the property of another
pour vi. to rain hard or heavily
present vt. 1）to give something to someone officially
2）to show or display in a particular way so that people have a particular opinion about them
3）to offer something for people to consider or judge
adj. existing or happening now
pretend vi. to behave in a particular way to let someone believe that something is true when it is not true
protect vt. to keep from harm, injury, damage or loss
protest vi. to disagree strongly
purchase vt. buy.
P2

qualified adj. able to do something because you have the knowledge, skill, or experience that is needed
queue vi. to wait in a queue/ a line
raid n. a sudden surprise attack
vt.to use force to enter a place in order to search for something
remark n. a few words that give the facts or your opinion about something
require vt. to need someone or something
resemble vt. to be similar to someone or something, especially in appearance [never passive]
reserve n. an area of land where wild animal or plants are officially protected
vt. to keep something for future use; to keep something for a particular person; to make an arrangement for a room in a hotel or a seat in a theatre
respect vt. to feel admiration for someone because of their personalities, achievements, or status
n. an feeling of admiration for someone because of their personalities, achievements, or status
salary n. a fixed amount of money that you earn each month or year for your job
score v to get a point in a game or sport; to achieve a particular amount, level in a test
sheer adj. very steep
shelter n. something that provides cover or protection
sign vt. to write your name on something to show your agreement
simplify vt. to make less complicated or easier
solve vt. to find a solution/ way to something
specific adj. exact and detailed
staff n. the people who work for a particular company, organization or situation
standard adj. made or done according to accepted or approved principles of quality or good behaviour
steadily adv. Gradually developing, not changing, reliable/ sensible; lasting a long time
struggle n. an attempt to do something that takes a lot of effort over a period of time
vi. to try hard to do something that you find very difficult
suffer vi. to feel pain; to experience something very unpleasant or painful; to become worse or less successful
take…for granted: to expect something always to happen or exist or someone to do something naturally without feeling grateful
transport vt. to move people or things from one place to another, usually in a vehicle
ultimate adj. happening at the end of a process: eventual; as good or as bad as possible
unite vt. to join and work together to achieve a particular goal
variety n. a collection or number of people, things, ideas etc that are all different from one another; a type of plant
vertical adj. upright, straight up
volunteer n. someone who is not paid for the work that they do
wander vi. to move or travel about without purpose or destination
whistle n. to make a tune or musical notes by forcing air through your mouth
wildlife n. [U] animals, birds and plants that live in natural conditions
worth adj. valuable in money; good enough to do something
P3

Book 6
abandon v. leave behind
absence n. the state of being away
absorb vt. to take in a gas, a liquid or other substance; to learn and understand new facts
accompany vt. to go with someone to a place or event
accumulate v. to get more and more of something over a period of time
acute adj. very serious or severe
adjust v. to change something slightly to make it better, more accurate, or more effective
advance adj. done, obtained or announced before a particular time or event
alarm n. fear or alarm that something unpleasant or dangerous might happen
alien adj. completely different from what you usually do; from a different country, race or culture
ambition n. strong desire for success, or achievement
anniversary n. the date when you celebrate something that happens in some previous year that is important for you
apologise v. to tell someone that you are sorry for doing something wrong or causing a problem
apology n. a statement to tell someone that you are sorry for doing something wrong or causing a problem
appeal n. a quality that something has that makes people like it or want it
attain v. to achieve or accomplish (a task, goal, aim, etc)
awake adj. not sleeping
awkward adj. difficult to deal with and embarrassing; not comfortable, relaxed or confident
behave v. to do something in a particular way; to be polite and not be rude or cause trouble
belong to to be owned by someone; to be a member of an organization or club
bend v. to be curved or folded and not straight
beneficial adj. causing a good result or having a good effect; advantageous
betray v. to aid an enemy of (one's nation, friend, etc);
be allergic to: to be sick or your skin becomes red or swollen because you eat something or touch something
be ashamed of: to feel guilty, disappointed, upset or embarrassed because you have done something wrong
be aware of: to know about or notice a situation or a fact;
be blessed with: to be lucky with
be identical to: to be exactly the same
be nervous about: to feel excited and worried, slightly afraid
be nostalgic for: to feel a little sad about the good old days
be on good terms with: get along well with
be restricted to: limited or controled
bite v. to use teech to cut or break something
break down 1) to stop working;
2) to stop being successful
3) to lose control of one’s feeling especially in public
breathe v. to take air into your lungs through your nose or mouth and let it out again
brunch n. a meal eaten late in the morning, combining breakfast with lunch
cautious adj. careful to avoid danger or problems
chaos n. a situation in which everything is confused and in a mess
P4

characteristic n. particular quality or feature that is typical of someone or something
charm v. to give someone pleasure or enjoyment; to deliberately make someone like you
chase v. to quickly follow someone or something in order to catch them: pursue
cheer up: to make someone feel happier or less sad
circumstance n. [C usually plural]: the facts or conditions that affects a situation
civilian n. anyone who is not a member of the army, navy, air force, or police
coincidence n. a surprising and unexpected situation in which separate things happen at the same time
combine v. put or add together
compulsory adj. required by a rule or law
condemn v. to say publicly that you think someone or something is wrong
confidential adj. being kept secret
confront v. to deal with a difficult situation
considerate adj. thinking about the needs and feelings of other people
contrast v. to compare two things in order to show how they are different
controversial adj. causing a lot of disagreement or disapproval
courage n. the ability that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear
cure v. to provide a cure for, make healthy again
curriculum n. the subjects that students study at a particular school or college
define v. to describe clearly and exactly what something is
deposit n. an amount of money that is paid into a bank account
depress v. to make someone feel unhappy and disappointed and want to stop trying to achieve things
despite prep. used for saying that something happens even though something might have prevented it; in spite of
disgust v. to make you feel angry and upset or physically ill
distribute v. to give something such as food, clothes, or money to a group of people
divorce n. the legal way of ending of a marriage
v. to take legal action to end a marriage
doubt n. a feeling of not being certain of something
v. to think that something is probably not true or does not exist
drown v. to sink under water and die
eccentric adj. behaving in slightly strange or unusual ways
echo v. if a noise echoes, it is repeated because the sound hits a surface and returns
embassy n. the building where the officials who represent their government in a foreign country
encourage v. to give someone courage, confidence and hope to do something
entice v. to persuade someone to do something by offering them an advantage or reward
exclaim v. to say something suddenly and loudly, especially because you are surprised, impressed or in pain
exhaustion n. a feeling of being extremely tired and without energy
fiancée n. the woman you are engaged to and are going to get married to
flee v. to run away or escape from a dangerous situation or place quickly
flesh n. the soft part of the body of a person or animal that is between the skin and bones
flexible adj. able to make changes or deal with a situation that is changing
forgive v. to decide that you will not be angry with someone who has done something wrong
function n. the purpose that something is made for, or the job that someone does
fundamental adj. essential to the existence, development or success of something
P5

function n. the purpose that something is made for, or the job that someone does
fundamental adj. very necessary and important as a part of something
genetic adj. of or relating to or produced by or being a gene
genuine adj. not fake, real; sincere
handy adj. easy to use
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