unit5AfricanAmericans公开课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Unit 5,The African Americans,第1页,Section C,Post-reading Questions:,How much do you know about the African Americans in different fields of American society?,e.g.political,sports,literature,entertainment,etc.,第2页,Toni Morrison,(1931-),an American novelist,editor,and professor.,Her novels are known for their epic themes,vivid dialogue,and richly detailed characters.,Her themes:,The terror and trauma of racial oppression,The plex behavior of living under gender and racial conflicts,The psychology of survival,Nobel Prize in Literature 1993,(the first black woman to win it),Magic Realism,第3页,Novels,The Bluest Eye,(1970),Sula,(1973),Song of Solomon,(1977),National Book Critics Circle Award,Tar Baby,(1981),Beloved,(1987),Pulitzer Prize&American Book Award,Jazz,(1992),Paradise,(1997),Love,(),A Mercy,(),Home,(),God Help the Child,(),第4页,The Bluest Eye,(1970),It is Morrisons first novel and was written while she was teaching at Howard University and raising her two sons on her own.,The story is about a year in the life of a young black girl named Pecola who develops an inferiority plex due to her eye color and skin appearance.,第5页,It takes place against the backdrop of Americas Midwest as well as in the years following,the Great Depression,.,The Bluest Eye,is told,from the perspective,of Claudia MacTeer as a child and an adult,as well as from a,third person omniscient viewpoint,.,Because of the controversial nature of the book,which deals with,racism,incest,and,child molestation,there have been numerous attempts to,ban,it from schools and libraries.,第6页,Claudia and Frieda MacTeer live in Ohio with their parents.The MacTeer family takes two other people into their home,Mr.Henry and Pecola.,Pecola,is a troubled young girl with a hard life.Her parents are constantly fighting,both physically and,verbally,.,Pecola is continually being told and reminded of what an,“,ugly”girl she is,thus,fuel,ing her desire to be a girl with,blue eyes,.,Throughout the novel it is revealed that not only has Pecola had a life full of hatred and hardships,but her parents have as well.,第7页,Pecolas mother,Pauline only feels alive and happy when she is working for a rich white family.,Her father,Cholly,is a drunk who was left with his aunt when he was young and ran away to find his father,who wanted nothing to do with him.,Both Pauline and Cholly eventually lost the love they once had for one another.,While Pecola is doing dishes,her father rapes her.His motives are unclear and confusing,seemingly a bination of both love and hate,第8页,Cholly,flee,s after the second time he rapes Pecola,leaving her,pregnant,.,In the end Pecolas child is born,prematurely,and dies.,Claudia and Frieda give up the money they had been saving and plant flower seeds in hopes that if the flowers,bloom,Pecolas baby will live;the,marigold,s,never bloom,.,The,title,The Bluest Eye,is based on Pecolas,fervent,wishes for beautiful blue eyes.,Her,insanity,at the end of the novel is her only way to,escape,the world where she cannot be beautiful and to get the blue eyes she desires from the beginning of the novel.,第9页,Song of Solomon,(1977),This book won the National Books Critics Award,was chosen for,Oprah Winfreys,popular book club,and was cited by the Swedish Academy in awarding Morrison the 1993 Nobel Prize in literature.,In 1998,the Radcliffe Publishing Course named it the,25th best English-language novel of the 20th century.,第10页,It follows the life of Macon Milkman Dead III,an African-American male living in Michigan,from birth to adulthood.,Born in Michigan in 1931 by miraculous means,Milkman is a gifted child until he learns at the age of four that humans cannot fly.,Changed by this revelation,he grows up a spoiled,self-centered child.,Torn between the magical,spiritual world of his fathers sister,Pilate,and that of his greedy property-owning father Macon Dead,Milkman follows in the footsteps of his father and be es Macons assistant.,Burdened by his parents unspeakable confidences and troubled by his loveless household,he seeks solace at his Aunt Pilates and by spending time with his best friend,Guitar Bains.,第11页,Living a spoiled,infantile existence until the age of 31,Milkmans sole reason for being is to seek pleasure.,After a 14-year relationship with Pilates granddaughter,Hagar,Milkman decides to end it.Hagar repeatedly tries to kill him.,Guitar further plicates Milkmans life when he confesses to Milkman that he is a member of a radical organization,theSeven Days,that avenges the deaths of innocent blacks by randomly killing whites.,Lacking a social consciousness and fed up with the seriousness of life,Milkman decides he needs to separate himself from his oppressive world by traveling.,When Macon suggests that Milkman steal a sack of gold from Pilates house,Milkman sees the gold as a way to finance his trip and finally be independent.,第12页,Macon tells Milkman that the gold is discovered from a cave where he and Pilate lived in the cave for several days after their father was murdered by a white family who wanted the Dead property.,Pilate argued it was morally wrong to keep it.But Macon believes Pilate went back to the cave to,retrieve,the gold.,Without expressing any concern for the morality of his actions,Milkman agrees to steal the gold with the help of Guitar,who wants the money to finance his organization.,第13页,After stealing the sack,they discovered there is no gold,only the bones of the white man Macon killed in the cave,the bones that the ghost of Macon Dead I told Pilate to go back and retrieve because“You just cant fly on off and leave a body.”,Macon suggests that the gold must still be in the cave and Milkman agrees to search the cave for the gold.,Later he concludes that the bones in Pilates sack must be those of Pilates father.,第14页,Less interested in his family history then in finding the gold,Milkman proceeds to the birthplace of his,paternal,grandparents.,In the all-black town,he finds the men,hostile,toward his urban manners,Milkman,reflects on,his,mistreatment,of his family,and of Pilate and Hagar,and develops a social,consciousness,.,While in the woods,Guitar,who believes Milkman has kept the gold for himself,unsuccessfully tries to kill Milkman.,第15页,No longer interested in gold,Milkman,resolves,to search for his family name and history.,Ultimately,Milkman realizes the Solomon that the children sing in their song is Milkmans paternal great-grandfather,he returns home to Michigan to share the information with his family.,Upon Milkmans arrival,he discovers that Hagar has killed herself.,Remorseful,and taking responsibility for something for the first time in his life,Milkman takes a,grieving,Pilate to bury her fathers bones at Solomons Leap,near his birthplace.,After the,burial,Guitar appears,and in the darkness accidently shoots Pilate dead.,As Milkman makes out Guitars,figure,on a distant rock,he leaps from the cliff he is standing on and flies into the air toward Guitars arms.,第16页,Beloved,(1987),Pulitzer Prize for Fiction1988,National Book Award 1987,The New York Times:,the best work of American fiction from 1981 to,Time,Magazine:,TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to,第17页,Set after the American Civil War,it is inspired by the story of an African-American slave,Margaret Garner,who temporarily escaped slavery during 1856 in Kentucky by,flee,ing to Ohio,a free state.,A,posse,arrived to retrieve her and her children under the,Fugitive,Slave,Act,of 1850,which gave slave owners the right to,pursue,slaves across state borders.,Margaret killed her two-year-old daughter rather than allow her to be,recapture,d.,第18页,Beloveds,main character,Sethe,/s/,kills her daughter and tries to kill her other three children when a posse arrives in Ohio to return them to Sweet Home,the Kentucky,plantation,from which Sethe recently,fled,.,A woman,presumed,to be her daughter,called Beloved,returns years later to,haunt,Sethes home.,The books,dedication,reads Sixty Million and more,dedicated to the Africans and their,descendant,s who died as a result of the Atlantic slave trade.,第19页,Shirley Temple,(1928-),an American film and television actress,singer,dancer and,public servant,most famous as Hollywoods number,one,box-office,star from 1935 through 1938.,As an adult,she entered politics and became a,diplomat,serving as United States,Ambassador,to Ghana and later to Czechoslovakia(捷克),and as,Chief of Protocol,of the United States.,第20页,Temple began her film career in 1932 at the age of three.,In 1934,she founded international fame inBright Eyes,a feature film designed specifically for her talents.,She received a specialJuvenile Academy Awardin 1935 for her outstanding contribution as a juvenile performer to motion pictures during 1934,and film hits such asCurly TopandHeidifollowed year after year during the mid-to-late 1930s.,Licensed merchandise that capitalized on her wholesome image included dolls,dishes and clothing.,She retired pletely from films in 1950 at the age of 22.,She was the top box-office draw in Hollywood for four years in a row(193538)in aMotion Picture Heraldpoll.,第21页,Section A,Post-reading Questions:,1.Name the events the African Americans experienced leading to the inauguration of Barack Obama as the President of USA?,2.Name some events in American history setback the progress of the African Americans?,3.Name the stylist characteristics of this essay?,第22页,Barack Obama,(1961-),第23页,Born Barack Hussein Obama II,August 4,1961 Honolulu,Hawaii,Political party Democratic,SpouseMichelle Robinson(m.1992present),ChildrenMalia Obama(daughter),Sasha Obama,(daughter),ReligionChristianity,Signature,Websitebarackobama.,第24页,Obama is a graduate ofColumbia UniversityandHarvard Law School,where he served as president of theHarvard Law Review.,He was a munity organizerin Chicago before earning hislaw degree.,He worked as acivil rightsattorney and taughtconstitutional lawat theUniversity of Chicago Law Schoolfrom 1992 to.,Heserved three terms representing the 13th District in theIllinois Senatefrom 1997 to,running unsuccessfullyfor theUnited States House of Representativesin.,第25页,第26页,13,th,amendment to US Constitution,was,ratified,on December 18,1865 during,Reconstruction,.,abolish,ed slavery and involuntary,servitude,except as punishment for a crime.,Along with the 14th amendment and the 15th amendment,it is one of the,three Reconstruction amendments.,第27页,Jack Johnson,(18781946),American boxer,the first African American world,heavyweight,boxing champion(19081915),During his boxing career,Jack Johnson fought 114 fights,winning 80 matches,45 by,knockout,s,Ali,often spoke of how he was influenced by Jack Johnson.,In,scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed Jack Johnson on his list of,100 Greatest African Americans,.,第28页,Lincoln Memorial,第29页,an American national monument built to honor the 16th President of the United States,Abraham Lincoln.,is located on the western end of the National Mall in Washington,D.C.,across from the,Washington Monument.,Dedicated in 1922,it is one of several monuments built to honor an American president.,It has always been a major,tourist attraction,and,since the 1930s has been a symbolic center focused on,race relations,.,The memorial has been the site of many famous speeches,including Martin Luther Kings I Have a Dream speech,delivered on August 28,1963,Approximately 6 million people visit the memorial,annually,.,第30页,Ku,Klux Klan,or simply the Klan,is the name of three distinct movements in the United States.,The first began violence against African Americans in the South during the Reconstruction Era of the 1860s,and was,disband,ed by 1869.,The second was a very large,controversial,nationwide organization in the 1920s.,The third KKK,emerged,after 1950 and was associated with opposing the Civil Rights Movement and progress among,minorities,.,第31页,The second and third,incarnations,of the Ku Klux Klan made frequent reference to the Americas Anglo-Saxon blood,They have all emphasized,racism,secrecy,and distinctive,costumes,.,All have called for,purification,of American society,and all are considered part of,right-wing,extremism,.,Though most members of the KKK saw themselves as holding to American values and Christian morality,virtually every Christian denomination officially,denounced,the Ku Klux Klan.,第32页,John McCain,(1936-),senior United States Senator from,Arizona,.,the Republican presidential,nominee,in the United States presidential election,McCain followed his father and grandfather,both,four-star admirals,into the United States,Navy,graduating from the U.S.,Naval Academy,in 1958.,was a naval,aviator,Fought in,Vietnam War,captured in 1967 and was a,prisoner of war,until 1973,第33页,Section B,Martin Luther King,Jr.,(1929-1968),第34页,American Baptist minister,activist,humanitarian,and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement.,He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs.,1964,King received the Nobel Peace Prize for bating racial inequality through nonviolence.,In the final years of his life,King expanded his focus to include poverty and speak against the Vietnam War,In 1968,King was planning a national occupation of Washington,D.C.,to be called the Poor Peoples Campaign,when he was assassinated on April 4 in Memphis,Tennessee.,第35页,King was,posthumously,awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal.,Martin Luther King Jr.Day,was established as a holiday in numerous cities and states beginning in 1971,and as a U.S.,federal,holiday in 1986.,Hundreds of streets in the U.S.have been renamed in his honor,and a,county,in,Washington State,was also renamed for him.,The Martin Luther King Memorial statue on the National Mall in Washington,D.C.was dedicated in.,第36页,Michael Jordan,(1963-),He played 15 seasons in the,National Basketball Association(NBA),for the Chicago Bulls and Washington Wizards.,His biography on the NBA website states:By acclamation,Michael Jordan is,the greatest,basketball player of all time.“,Jordan was one of the most effectively marketed,athlete,s of his generation and was considered,instrumental,in popularizing the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s.,第37页,His leaping ability,illustrated by performing slam dunks from the free throw line in slam dunk contests,earned him the nicknames Air Jordan and His Airness.,He also gained a reputation for being one of the best defensive players in basketball.,Jordans individual ac plishments include 5 Most Valuable Player(MVP)Awards,10 All-NBA First Team designations,9 All-Defensive First Team honors,14 NBA All-Star Game appearances,3 All-Star Game MVP Awards,第38页,10 scoring titles,3 steals titles,6 NBA Finals MVP Awards,the 1988 NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award.,Among his numerous ac plishments,Jordan holds the NBA records for highest career regular season scoring av