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全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld经典大题例题.pdf

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1、(每日一练每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一全国通用版高中英语必修一 Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldUnit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld 经经典大题例题典大题例题 单选题 1、Life is like a marathon _ perseverance and consistent efforts count.AwhenBhowCwhereDwhy 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:人生就像马拉松,在这当中,毅力和坚持起作用。空格处是定语从句,先行词 marathon 是抽象地点,在定语从句中缺少状语,因此要用关系副词 where 引导。故选 C。2、

2、Offered the position of CEO,Mr Smith_,preferring to keep his current job.AstruggledBdeclinedCappliedDcharged 答案:B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在获得首席执行官这一职位后,史密斯拒绝了,他更愿意保持目前的工作。A.struggled 挣扎;B.declined 拒绝;C.applied 申请;D.charged 控诉,收费,充电。根据空格后可知,Mr.Smith 更愿意保持当前的工作,可知他拒绝了 CEO 这个职位。故选 B 项。3、As theyre handmade,each one

3、 _ slightly in shape.AvariousBvariedCvariesDvariety 答案:C 考查一般现在时。句意:因为它们都是手工制作的,每一个在形状上都稍有不同。这是一个由 as 引导的原因状语从句,分析主句可知,句子缺谓语动词,所以空格处应填动词。故排除 A(various 不同的,形容词)与D(variety 不同种类,多种式样 名词)。从句使用的一般现在时,根据句意,空格处也应使用一般现在时。故选 C。4、More and more people are learning English,_ has drawn much attention of the publ

4、ic.Athe importanceBthe important Cthe importance of whichDthe importance of it 答案:C 考查定语从句关系词。句意:越来越多的人学英语,学习英语的重要性已经引起大众的注意。分析句子可知是定语从句,先行词为前面的先行词,作 of 的宾语,关系代词为 which。故选 C 项。5、We are talking about the case _ he was accused _ theft.Athat;inBwhere,ofCwhich;toDwhat;on 答案:B 考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意:我们正在谈论他被指控偷窃

5、的案件。先行词是 the case,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词 where 引导限制性定语从句,固定搭配 be accused of(被指控)。故选 B 项。6、It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscars history _actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke _ Rock made about Smiths wifes hair.Awhich.thatBthat.whenCwhen.thatDthat.which 答案:C 考查定语从句

6、。句意:这是奥斯卡历史上最令人惊讶的时刻之一,演员 Will Smith 走上舞台,打了 Chris Rock一巴掌,因为 Rock 对 Smith 妻子的头发开了个玩笑。根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空是定语从句,先行词是 moments,在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词 when 引导。第二空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词 a joke,在从句中作宾语,引导词应填 that/which/不填。故选 C。7、The Everglades is the only place on Earth _ fresh water alligators and saltwater crocodiles liv

7、e in the same area.AthatBwhichCwhereDwhose 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:大沼泽地是地球上唯一一个,淡水鳄和咸水鳄生活在同一地区的地方。分析可知,空白处及之后的内容为定语从句,先行词为 place,在从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词 where,故选 C。8、When he saw a little boy _ in the river,he took off his jacket and jumped into the water.AstrugglesBstrugglingCto struggleDstruggle 答案:B 考查非谓语动词。句意:

8、当他看到一个小男孩在河里挣扎时,他脱下夹克跳进了水里。see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”,宾补 doing 表示动作在进行;see sb.do sth.则意为“看见某人做了某事”,宾补不带 to 不定式表示动作已完成。根据下文“他脱夹克跳进水里”说明动作在进行,故用现在分词作宾语补足语。故选 B 项。9、Usually,there is an interval between the two parts of the concert _ the audience can buy something to eat or have a rest.AthatBwhichCwhe

9、nDwhere 答案:C 考查定语从句关系词。句意:通常,音乐会的两个部分之间有一段时间间隔,观众可以买点东西吃或休息。此处是定语从句,先行词是 an interval,在从句中做时间状语,用关系副词 when。故选 C 项。10、When you meet new words while reading,you can _ your dictionary.Ainfer fromBlook upClook intoDrefer to 答案:D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:当你阅读时遇到生词,可以参考字典。A.infer from 从推断出;B.look up 查阅;C.look into 调查;D

10、.refer to 参考、提及。结合句意表示“参考”应用 refer to。而 look up 后应加要查的内容。故选 D 项。11、Adults,_overly concerned with fame and fortune,sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things _ children do not.Aunless butBalthough and Cwhen whereDeven if unless 答案:C 考查状语从句和定语从句。句意:当成年人过度关注名利时,有时看不到简单事物中的快乐,而孩子们则不会如此。A.unless but

11、除非 但是;B.although and 尽管和;C.when where 时候 哪里;D.even if unless 甚至除非。分析句子结构及结合句意可知,该句主句是 Adults,sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things,其中间是一个时间状语从句,后面是一个定语从句;其中,时间状语从句省略句表示“当成年人过度关注名利时”,应该用连接副词 when 引导;定语从句(simple things _ children do not fail to see the joy)中先行词是 simple things,在从句中做地点状语,应该用关系副

12、词 where 引导。故选 C 项。12、He has reached a point of his life_he is supposed to make decisions of his own.AwhichBwhereChowDwhy 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:他已经到了应该自己做决定的人生阶段。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词“point of his life”是抽象地点,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词 where 引导。故选 B。13、_ he goes,he brings happiness and laughter to people.AWherever

13、BWhicheverCHoweverDWhatever 答案:A 考查状语从句。句意:无论他去到哪儿,他都会把欢笑和快乐带给人们。A.Wherever 无论哪儿;B.Whichever 无论哪一个;C.However 无论怎样,然而;D.Whatever 无论什么。由句意可知,这是一个让步状语从句,缺少地点状语,所以应使用 wherever(无论哪儿)引导从句,表示“无论他去到哪儿”,故选A 项。14、There are many reasons _ people learn a foreign language.AwhyBwhichCthatDwhere 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:人们学

14、习外语的原因有很多。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 reasons,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用 why 引导。故选 A。15、When I said some students were so lazy,I _ to you.Adont referBwasnt referringCdidnt referDhasnt referred 答案:B 考查动词时态。句意:当我说有些学生懒惰的时候,我不是在说你。结合前后文语境可知,指过去的某一个时间点正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时,主语为 I,谓语动词应用 was。故选 B。16、Have you read all the information tha

15、t this case?ArelateBrelate toCrelates toDrelates 答案:C 考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意:你读过所有与这个案子相关的信息了吗?表示“与相关”短语为 relate to,在定语从句中作谓语,且“that this case”为定语从句修饰先行词 information,先行词在从句中作主语,从句为一般现在时,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,information 是不可数名词,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选 C。17、Importantly,_ the method of translation,the spirit of the original

16、 work cannot be lost.Ano matter howBno matter whatCno matter whenDno matter where 答案:B 考查让步状语从句。句意:无论采用什么方式翻译,原著的精神不能丢失。A.no matter how 无论如何;B.no matter what 无论什么;C.no matter when 无论何时;D.no matter where 无论哪里。根据句意,从句是省略句,完全句是 no matter what the method of translation is,从句缺少表语,what 从句中作表语。故选 B。18、The

17、accident has reached to the point _both their parents are to be called in.Afor whichBwhenCwhichDwhere 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:事情发展到如此地步,不得不请双方家长来一趟了。分析句子结构可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词 point 在从句中作地点状语,应该用关系副词 where 引导从句。故选 D 项。19、There was a time _,if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train,a gentleman would immediately

18、 stand up and offer her his seat.AwhileBasCwhenDunless 答案:C 考查关系副词。句意:曾经有一段时间,如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车,男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是 there was a time when,先行词是 time,在定语从句中作时间状语,用 when 引导定语从句。故选 C。20、This is the place_ John was born?AwhichBwhereCwhenDthat 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:这是约翰出生的地方吗?根据题意可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是地点 the plac

19、e,在定语从句中作状语,因此使用联系词 where 引导定语从句。故选 B 项。小提示:21、Weve always regarded Dr.Smith as a man of integrity and high professional _.AinterestBattitudeCcompetenceDreputation 答案:C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们一直认为 Smith 博士为人正直,专业能力强。A.interest 兴趣;B.attitude 态度;C.competence 能力;D.reputation 声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知,Smith 博

20、士专业能力强。故选C 项。22、On her birthday,she received a nice present from her parents _ a note was attached,saying“We love you so much.”Afrom whichBto whichCin whichDby which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:在她生日那天,她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物,上面有一张纸条,写着“我们非常爱你。”句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为 present(礼物),根据从句中的 was attached 可知,先行词作be attached to 的宾语,将

21、 to 提到从句句首,其后用关系代词 which 指代先行词。故选 B 项。23、My father likes meat very much while my mother always has a(an)_ for vegetables and fruits.AappreciationBpreferenceCreferenceDenjoyment 答案:B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:我父亲非常喜欢吃肉,而我母亲总是偏爱蔬菜和水果。A.appreciation 欣赏,感激;B.preference 偏爱,偏好;C.reference 参考;D.enjoyment 享受。没有 have an e

22、njoyment for 这种说法,故 D选项不正确。have a preference for 意思是“对偏爱,特别喜爱”;have an appreciation for“欣赏”;have an reference for“有一个参考”。根据句子中 while 表示对比或转折可知,前后两句形成对比,“爸爸爱吃肉”而“妈妈偏爱蔬菜和水果”。故选 B 项。24、Life is like a long race _ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.AwhereBwhichCthatDwhat 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:生活就

23、像一场长跑,我们彼此竞争,超越自我。空格后的句子是由 a long race 所引导的定语从句。在定语从句中,缺地点状语,表示在这场长跑中,所以我们用关系副词 where 进行引导。故此题选 A。25、Perhaps a settler would demand an Indian _ off the settlers land.AstayingBto stayCstayedDstay 答案:D 考查非谓语动词。句意:也许殖民者会要求印第安人远离他们的土地。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词demand,后接从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用 should+动词原形,should 可以省略,demand

24、sb.to do sth.是错误结构,demand 后不能跟不定式作宾语补足语。故选 D 项。26、He is an expert on rice planting _ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.Aby whichBfrom whomCby whomDfrom which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:他是一个水稻种植专家,当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词 expert,意为“专家”;又根据固定搭配 learn sth.from sb.意为“从某人那儿学到”,所以应该用介词 from;

25、因此本句中,先行词为 expert,指人,关系代词放在介词之后只能用 whom,做定语从句的介词宾语。故选 B 项。27、Unsuccessful people can always find reasons _ theyre not doing well.Afor whichBthatCof whichDwhere 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:没有成功的人总是能找到他们做不好的理由。分析句子结构可知,空格前 reasons 作先行词,空格处应填定语从句的引导词,分析从句成分可知,从句中缺少状语,所以应用 why 或 for which 引导定语从句。故选 A。28、_ my head ha

26、d cleared,my brain was beginning to function much better.ANow thatBAlthoughCDue toDDespite 答案:A 考查连词。句意:由于我的头脑清醒了,我的大脑开始运转得更好了。A.now that 既然;由于;B.although conj.虽然;C.due to 由于;因为;D.despite prep.尽管,虽然。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里需要连词,表示“因为,由于”的意思,引导原因状语从句。C 选项的是介词短语。故选 A。29、Despite such a big difference in _ toward

27、s what one eats,there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.AattitudeBmeansCpointDsight 答案:A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同,但毫无疑问,西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude 态度;B.means 方法;C.point 观点;D.sight 视野,视力。短语 attitude towards 表示“对的态度”符合句意。故选 A 项。30、Would you mind if I _yo

28、u a personal question?AaskBaskingCwill askedDasked 答案:D 考查虚拟语气。句意:你介意我问你一个私人问题吗?在“Would you mind if 从句”句型中,从句谓语常用一般过去时进行虚拟,故选 D。完成句子 31、伦敦是一座古老的港口城市,它的历史一直追溯到罗马时期。London Is an ancient port city that has a history _ Roman times.答案:dating all the way back to 考查非谓语动词和名词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,设空处缺少“一直追溯到”,“追溯到”

29、表达为动词短语date back to,修饰 history,是非谓语动词,与逻辑主语 history 之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词;“一直”表达为名词短语 all the way,在此处为副词用法,作状语。故填 dating all the way back to。32、专家说这座寺庙历史悠久,可追溯到初唐时期。(一句多译)(1)According to the expert,the temple has a history _ the early Tang Dynasty.(2)According to the expert,the temple has a history which _

30、 the early Tang Dynasty.答案:dating from#dating back to dates from#dates back to 考查非谓语动词。表示“追溯”应用短语 date from/back to,分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词 has,且空前无连接词,因此要用现在分词作状语,故答案为 dating from/back to。考查定语从句的谓语和时态。表示“追溯”应用短语 date from/back to,分析句子可知,此处是由 which 引导的限制性定语从句的谓语动词,which 指代先行词 a history,描述事实时态是一般现在时,因此谓语动词要用

31、动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为 dates from/back to。33、在漆黑的街上,没有一个她可以求助的人。In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.答案:to whom 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析可知,空处引导定语从句修饰名词词组 a single person,“向某人求助”表达为 turn to sb.for help,此处将介词 to 置于关系词之前,先行词作宾语,且指人,只能用 whom。故填 to whom。34、交通是全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一。T

32、raffic is one of the_ causes of global warming and_ change.答案:major climate 考查形容词和名词。根据句意可知,第一个空缺少的是形容词修饰 causes,表示“主要的”应该使用 major,第二空是名词作定语,表示“气候”的名词是 climate。故填major 和climate。35、所有可能的方法都试过了,但没有一种有效。(一句多译)(1)_,but none has worked.(2)_,but none has worked.答案:Every possible means has been tried All p

33、ossible means have been tried 考查名词、不定代词、动词时态和语态。分析原文可知,“所有可能的方法都试过了”是第一分句,其中“所有可能的方法”是主语,表达了全体概念,可以译为“every possible means”,作主语视为单数,或者“all possible means”,作主语视为复数;“都试过了”是句中谓语部分,根据句意和第二分句时态可知,应用现在完成时态被动语态,可译为“have/has been tried”。综上该句可译为 every possible means has been tried 或者all possible means have b

34、een tried,另外,句首单词首字母大写。故填Every possible means has been triedAll possible means have been tried。36、最后我们到达了不得不改变的地步。At last we reached a stage _ _ we had to change.答案:in which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构和句意可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词 stage 是抽象地点,空格是两个,因此空格处是 in which。故填 in,which。37、Tu Youyou _ _ the ancient books o

35、f traditional Chinese medicine again after failure.屠呦呦失败后再次查阅了历代中医典籍。答案:referred to 考查短语。refer to 参考,查阅。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。根据句意,故填 referred to。38、这部电影以一个真实故事为基础,非常受欢迎。(一句多译)(1)The film _,and it is very popular.(2)_,the film is very popular.答案:is based on a true story Based on a true story 考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。(1

36、)根据汉语提示可知,空处表示“以.为基础”用 be based on,为 and 并列分句的谓语动词,结合语境和下文 is 判断为一般现在时。(2)根据汉语提示可知,空处表示“以.为基础”,且句中存在 be 动词 is,因此空处使用非谓语动词形式,故省略 be 用过去分词作伴随状语,且位于句首首字母需大写。故填is based on a true story;Based on a true story。小提示:39、It is the _ _ _ of life that makes us grow.正是生活中的起起落落让我们得以成长。答案:ups and downs 考查固定搭配。结合句意可

37、知在定冠词 the 后用名词短语 ups and downs,意为“起起落落,浮沉;兴衰”,the ups and downs of life(生活中的起起落落)在句中是主语,放在了强调句式的被强调部分。故填ups and downs。40、这条谚语是基于一条追溯到 17 世纪的古老的英国法律。This proverb is based on an old English law which_ _ _ the 17 century.答案:dates back to 考查动词短语和时态。对比中英文句意可知,空处表示“追溯到”,可用动词短语 date back to 表示,是定语从句中谓语动词;由

38、主句时态可知,定语从句中需用一般现在时态,关系代 which 作主语,指代先行词an old English law,单数名词,所以定语从句谓语动词也需用单数。故填dates back to。语法填空 41、They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes,breaking rules and playing jokes on others,_ whom I soon found myself.(用适当的词填空)答案:among 考查介词。句意:他们在(学生)地位中上升。方式不是通过待人友善而是通过吸烟

39、、违反规则和嘲弄别人,不久我也成了其中的受害人。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,结合上文 others 可知,表示“在(三者或以上)之中”应用 among。故填 among。42、Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.(用单词适当形式填空)答案:where 考查定语从句。句意:学生应该参与社区活动,在这些活动中,他们可以获取成长的经验。_ they can gain experience for growth.是一个定语从句

40、,修饰先行词 community activities,关系词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词 where 引导该从句,所以填 where。43、Now we live in a world surrounded by the“cant do”_(attitude).(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:attitudes 考查名词。句意:现在我们生活在一个被“不能做”的态度包围的世界。句中应该使用的是名词作宾语,attitude 为名词,意为“态度”,此处用复数意义表示泛指。故填 attitudes。44、No one remembers the time _ those explorers reac

41、hed the most distant continent,Antarctica.(用适当的词填空)答案:when 考查定语从句。句意:没有人记得那些探险家到达最遥远的大陆南极洲的时候。定语从句修饰先行词time,从句缺少时间状语,故用关系副词 when。故填 when。45、This is a file in _many natural disasters are recorded.(用适当的词填空)答案:which 考查定语从句。句意:这是一个记录了许多自然灾害的档案。in _ many natural disasters are recorded 是定语从句,修饰 a file。关系词

42、在从句中作介词 in 的宾语,指物,应该用关系代词 which 引导该从句。故填which。46、Can you cite an example _this word could be used?(用适当的词填空)答案:where 考查定语从句。句意:你能举个例子说明这个词的用法吗?分析句子结构和意思可知,this word could be used 是定语从句,先行词是 example,是抽象地点名词,在从句中做地点状语。故填 where。47、The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at wo

43、rk _ a good impression is a must.(用单词适当形式填空)答案:where 考查定语从句引导词。句意:这本书在日常交际中极大地帮助了我,尤其是在给人留下良好印象是必须的工作中。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 work,且先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词 where。故填 where。48、The days are gone _physical strength was all you needed to make a living.(用适当的词填空)答案:when 考查定语从句。句意:体力是谋生所必需的日子已经一去不复返了。_ physical strength

44、was all you needed to make a living 是定语从句,修饰先行词 the days,先行词是物,在从句中做时间状语,关系词用 when。故填 when。49、No matter_ I came across a complicated problem,I would often consult the experts.(用适当的词填空)答案:when#where 考查状语从句。句意:无论何时/在哪里我遇到一个复杂的问题,我都会经常请教专家。结合句意可知,用no matter when/where 无论什么时候/在哪里,引导让步状语从句。根据句意,故填 when/where。50、Here I sincerely express my _(appreciate)if you could help find the lost suitcase.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:appreciation 考查名词。句意:如果您能帮助找到丢失的手提箱,我诚挚地向您表示感谢。my 作定语修饰名词,appreciate 的名词是 appreciation“感谢”,不可数名词。故填 appreciation。

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